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Some goods are freely traded as commodities without question or
controversy. For other goods, their commodification – their being
made available in exchange for money, or their being subject to
market valuation and exchange – is hotly contested.
“Contested” commodities range from labour and land, to votes,
healthcare, and education, to human organs, gametes, and intimate
services, to parks and emissions. But in the context of a market
economy, what distinguishes these goods as non-commodifiable, or
what defines them as contestable commodities? And why should their
status as such justify restricting the market choices of rationally
consenting parties to otherwise voluntary exchanges? This volume
draws together wide-ranging, interdisciplinary research on the
legitimate scope of markets and the kinds of goods that should be
exempt therefrom. In bringing diverse answers to this question
together for the first time, it finally identifies commodification
studies as a unique field of scholarly research in its own right.
In so doing, it fosters interdisciplinary dialogue, advance
scholarship, and enhance education in this controversial,
important, and growing field of research. Contemporary theorists
who examine this question do so from across the disciplinary
spectrum and ground their answers in diverse scholarly literature
and divergent methodological approaches. Their arguments will be of
interest to scholars and students of philosophy, economics, law,
political science, sociology, policy, feminist theory, and ecology,
among others. The authors in this volume take diverse and divergent
positions on the benefits of markets in general and on the possible
harms of specific contested markets in particular. While some
favour free markets and others regulation or prohibition, and while
some engage in more normative and others in more empirical
analysis, our contributors all advance nuanced and thoughtful
arguments that engage deeply with the complex set of moral and
empirical questions at the heart of commodification studies. This
volume collects their new and provocative work together for the
first time. This handbook is an essential reference work for
students and scholars of commodification including philosophers,
economists, sociologists, feminists, political theorists, and legal
scholars.
Contemporary theoretical discussions of exploitation are dominated
by thinkers in the liberal and Marxian traditions. Exploitation:
From Practice to Theory, pushes past these traditional and binary
explanations, to focus on unjust practises that both depend on and
perpetuate inequalities central to exploitation. Using real-world
examples, the chapters in this collection address key questions,
including, in what ways are exploitation practices globalised,
racialized and gendered? How do cases of organ selling, price
gouging and commercial gestational surrogacy change our
understandings of exploitation? What possible social and economic
remedies do these new conceptions prescribe? Case studies in this
volume span the globe, dealing with developed and developing
countries alike and in a variety of national and transnational
contexts.
Contemporary theoretical discussions of exploitation are dominated
by thinkers in the liberal and Marxian traditions. Exploitation:
From Practice to Theory, pushes past these traditional and binary
explanations, to focus on unjust practises that both depend on and
perpetuate inequalities central to exploitation. Using real-world
examples, the chapters in this collection address key questions,
including, in what ways are exploitation practices globalised,
racialized and gendered? How do cases of organ selling, price
gouging and commercial gestational surrogacy change our
understandings of exploitation? What possible social and economic
remedies do these new conceptions prescribe? Case studies in this
volume span the globe, dealing with developed and developing
countries alike and in a variety of national and transnational
contexts.
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