Over the last decade, studies have shown that physical exercise plays an important role in maintaining an individual's psycho-physical balance. In particular, it has been demonstrated that prolonged regular physical activity (now defined in scientific publications as chronic physical activity) helps to significantly reduce the incidence of neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases, which are often associated with ageing, while at the same time bolstering the immune system. Promoting physical activity therefore helps preventing today's major health challenges, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiorespiratory diseases, obesity, osteoporosis, arthritis, and cancer, thus leading to a reduction in healthcare costs and freeing up resources for future generations. The volume will be an essential reading for all health professionals and for residents in medicine and in health and physical exercise.

Ectomycorrhizas in the Ecosystem: Structural, Functional, and Community Aspects (D.J. Read). Taxonomy of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi: A Starting Point for Their Biotechnology (J.M. Trappe, A. Jumpponen). Molecular Approach to the Identification of Mycorrhizal Fungi (L. Simon). Coincidence between Molecularly or Morphologically Classified Ectomycorrhizal Morphotypes and Fruitbodies in a Spruce Forest (B. Mehmann et al.). Ectomycorrhiza Morphogenesis: Insights from Studies of Developmentally Regulated Genes and Proteins (F. Martin et al.). Molecules and Genes Involved in Mycorrhiza Functioning (S. Gianinazzi et al.). Cloning Functional Endomycorrhiza Genes: Potential for Use in Plant Breeding (P.J. Murphy et al.). The Sexual Cycle in Neurospora, from Fertilization to Ascospore Discharge (R.L. Metzenberg). Genetics of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Their Transformation (R. Marmeisse et al.). Inactivation of Gene Expression Triggered by Sequence Duplication (C. Cogoni et al.). Gene Expression in Plant Roots during Ectomycorrhiza Development (U. Nehls, F. Martin). Truffles: Their Life Cycle and Molecular Characterization (L. Lanfranco et al.). Molecular Identification of Tuber Species and Isolates by PCRbased Techniques (D. Gandeboeuf et al.). 8 additional articles. Index.

The aim of this volume is to underline that promoting physical activity is crucial to preventing illness and maintaining our health, thus leading to a reduction in healthcare costs. Over the last decade studies have shown that physical exercise plays an important role in maintaining an individual's psycho-physical balance. Physical activity therefore helps in tackling today's major health challenges, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory diseases.