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Provides detailed insight into the marine microplastics pollution,
fate, health impacts, and removal technology Reviews ecological
risks and environmental fate of microplastics pollution to the
marine ecosystem Describes control and prevention methods of the
microplastics pollution Covers global legislature for the
mitigation of microplastics to the marine environment Discusses
role of community participation for the reduction of microplastic
emissions
Enriched Numerical Techniques: Implementation and Applications
explores recent advances in enriched numerical techniques,
including the extended finite element method, meshfree methods,
extended isogeometric analysis and coupled numerical techniques.
Techniques for implementation and programming issues are discussed,
with other sections discussing applications for enriched numerical
techniques in solving a range of engineering problems. The level
set methodologies for complex shaped irregularities is presented,
as are enriched numerical methodologies for various complex and
advanced problems such as Nonlinear Structural Analysis, Fracture
and Fatigue in Structures, Elasto-Plastic Crack Growth, Large
Deformation Analysis, Frictional Contact Problems,
Thermo-Mechanical Problems, Fluid Flow Investigations, Composite
Materials and Bio-mechanics.
This book deals with the fundamental causes of the Indo-Pak
conflict-why it is difficult, if not impossible, to have peace
between the two neighbors. Also it explores the short spurt of
Pulwama-Balakot stand-off or a game of one-upmanship. It analyses
the perennial conflict scenario and goes to stress that for
Pakistan, in recent times, there has been no marked change in
disincentives (negative stresses) that could compel it to moderate
its behavior towards India-and nor there exists a package of
incentives (positive stresses) that should force it to go for a
change towards peace. All the key stakeholders of Pakistan
(including army, ISI and terror outfits), other than the Pak
public, will stand to lose if the religion-steeped state turned
friendly, or even nonaggressive, towards India. In that situation,
it is indeed difficult to comprehend for a logical mind that why
should Indian politicians and diplomats hanker for the illusionary
scenario of peace to unfold. Let it be clear for one and all that
peace (or even normalcy) between India and Pakistan will only be
possible under one of the following situations. That' incentives'
package (positive stresses) for Pakistan in the event of being
friendly is so great that the same can't be resisted. Or, the
disincentives for retaining its historical behavior towards India
are so great that the same can't be resisted by its army-and ISI
combine. As long as one of the above two conditions doesn't
materialize, or isn't forced upon, it shall remain just foolhardy
for India to expect that things between the two quarrelsome
neighbors shall turn towards normalcy.
Magnitude and quality of life as well as sustainable human progress
inescapably depend on the state of our environment. The
environment, in essence, is a common resource of all the living
organisms in the biosphere as well as a vivacious basis of the
evolution of life on Earth. A sustainable future broods over a
sustainable environment-an environment encompassing
life-originating, life-supporting, and life-sustaining uniqueness.
A deteriorating environment haplessly sets in appalling conditions
leading to shrinkage of life and a halt in human progress. The
current global environment scenario is extremely dismal.
Environmental disruptions, largely owing to anthropogenic
activities, are steadily leading to awful climate change. Horribly
advancing toward mass extinction in the near or distant future and
posing a threat to our Living Planet, the unabatedly ongoing
climate change, in fact, is an unprecedented issue of human concern
about life in the recorded human history. How to get rid of the
environmental mess and resolve environmental issues leading to
climate change mitigation is the foremost challenge facing humanity
in our times. There are several measures the whole world is
resorting to. They are primarily focused on cutting down excessive
carbon emissions by means of development of technological
alternatives, for example, increasing mechanical efficiencies and
ever-more dependence on clean-energy sources. These are of great
importance, but there is yet a natural phenomenon that has been,
and will unceasingly be, pivotal to maintain climate order of the
Earth. For it to phenomenally boost, we need to explore deeper
aspects of environmental science. It is the environmental plant
physiology that links us with deeper roots of life. Environmental
Plant Physiology: Botanical Strategies for a Climate-Smart Planet
attempts to assimilate a relatively new subject that helps us
understand the very phenomenon of life that persists in the
planet's environment and depends on, and is influenced by, a
specific set of operating environmental factors. It is the subject
that helps us understand adaptation mechanisms within a variety of
habitats as well as the implications of the alterations of
environmental factors on the inhabiting organisms, their
populations, and communities. Further, this book can also be of
vital importance for policy makers and organizations dealing with
climate-related issues and committed to the cause of the earth.
This book can be instrumental in formulating strategies that can
lead us to a climate-smart planet. Features: * Provides ecological
basis of environmental plant physiology * Discusses energy,
nutrient, water, temperature, allelochemical, and altitude
relations of plants * Reviews stress physiology of plants and
plants' adaptations to the changing climate * Examines
climate-change effects on plant physiology * Elucidates evolving
botanical strategies for a climate-smart planet
Indian agriculture is more than 10000 years old. History of Indian
animal husbandry is older than the history of cropping. Indian
literature is a rich repository of knowledge relating to all
aspects of animal husbandry. In ancient India animal husbandry was
flourishing like anything and was the basis of people's
livelihoods, socioeconomic status and happiness. Nowadays when
animal husbandry is being visualized as the most realistic and safe
method to reduce poverty of rural India, importance of the
knowledge in this field can be readily realized. As a sub-sector of
the agricultural economy, livestock play an important role in the
development process providing draught and traction power for
agriculture and rural transport, manure and fuel, raw materials for
the manufacturing sector, high protein, and employment
opportunities. This book by eminent Indian scholars attempts to
document and analyse copious amount of knowledge relating to all
aspects of animal husbandry. The book proves to be vital for the
development of animal husbandry not only in India but in all
geographical settings of the world.
In Europe, Poland has especially been and continues to be a fertile
land of philosophy. From Copernicus to Henryk Skolimowski, the
Polish philosophers have ruled over the heart of philosophy.
Skolimowskian Philosophy encompasses whole cosmos, whole planet,
whole life, entire humanity, all cultures, all religions, all
values, and all horizons of human imagination. Such a lively,
fabulous, motivating, truth-spelling, scintillating and
enlightening philosophy deeply touches faculties of human mind and
helps the mind evolve into its climax mode, from where it would be
capable to unfold all intricacies and true nature of the cosmos.
The Polish philosophy is creating a future which will be worth
celebrating. The taste of this philosophy would be vital for
understanding the future scope of humanity to deal with the cosmos.
Fertilization of the universe would be the crux of the history of
future and cosmocracy would be the life-enhancing governance of the
global as well as of the universal life. Many places, universities,
interesting people, ecological panoramas, culture, beauty, and many
other aspects of Poland are stimulating and inspiring.
Mesh based methods such as FEM has achieved a remarkable success in
solving many engineering and science problems. However, it is
widely known that the solution accuracy of these methods is largely
depends on the quality of mesh generated. This becomes a serious
problem when the mesh becomes distorted or changes with time.
Moreover, the generation of higher order shape functions is also
difficult for these methods. Due to these problems, mesh based
methods are not well suited for certain types of problems such as
strongly non-linear heat transfer and growth under thermo-elastic
loading, etc. To overcome these problems, meshfree methods have
been emerged as new computational tool. Element free Galerkin
method (EFGM) is one of them. Although, a lot of literature exists
on meshfree methods including few books in the area of solid
mechanics, but not much literature exists in the area of heat
transfer. Only few research papers are available on heat transfer
using meshfree methods. Therefore, this monograph will not only
provide the applications of EFGM in heat transfer but also provides
the formulations along with its implementation methodology.
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