This is a book of concept application conglomeration. This is a practical application book of the concepts in Economics and Management, with their experiences. It is organised in the form of mind boggling Questions from the public and Thought provoking Answers by the Author (drvsrs). The contents are sequenced by application area for direct know how utility. The contents are supported by live references, internet links, diagrams and innovative schematics. This Book is for: - Academic Professors and Teachers. - Administrators in Private & Government organisations. - Advisory Function Personalities (Private & Government) - Elected members to the Government. - Institution, Public and University Libraries. - Political Leaders and Workers. - Research students in Graduate, Post Graduate and Doctoral level. - Social workers in Development orientation in all nations. - Can be a Text Book for graduate and Post Graduate courses in Economics and management Topics Covered: Administrative Economics, Currency, Development Economics, International Economics, People Economics, Poverty Economics, Production Economics and Strategic Economics.

If everything is Soft in this World, Peace and Prosperity should prevail. But there Hard things too A Software thinks and directs a Hardware. Soon it is going to happen that the Hardware will intake, digest and self-utilise the Software to drive hard the world and the human beings Hence it is time for all to know what is Hardware and Software, explained with a day to day life example. In the current millennium, with computer (Lap Tops) domination at home and offices, one should know about Operating system, Utility software and Application software, explained with easy to understand examples. Each human generation (average span of 80 years) upgrades 6.72 computer generations Computer intelligence is support and linked with Artificial Chemical Memory (ACM), It has been estimated that by 2030, a $ 900 PC will equal 1 human mind. By 2065, it will equal the mental capacity of all human beings put together in the world These computers as a "Combrain" groups, will control the activities and thoughts of all human and governments in the world A knowledge of these today, explained in fact supported formats will be an asset to all house holds, learners, researchers, the teachers, governments and corporate units, as well.

The Seed of Smartness is embedded in every living species in the world, from their day of their birth. But it is developed for utility only by a few ? How is it done ? The tool is an ability to optimally mix the Psychological, Social, Commercial, Scientific and Philosophical know-how, which are gained as one grows. All Individuals start with a Born capability, moderated by a Requirements of their Environment, Shaped by the Groups around, Oriented by the Training, leading towards an Extended Contributory Capability. This is filtered by the Qualitative and Quantitative scales and mixed with the individual's Self Motivating and Innovative efforts. This leads to an Individual to become a Performer. Any performer in the International scene exhibits an ability to optimally mix the Biological, Social, Commercial, Scientific and Philosophical know-how. A proper understanding of the Central role of Economics and the cross relationship between Philosophy and Science are identified as the basic needs for a Smart person. A critical analysis of the life of Alexander the Great, demonstrates this methodology. Starting with the indoctrinations by Aristotle and Socrates, the Greek Philoso-Scientists, he gathered the Scientific, Philosophical and Administrative methodologies from Egypt, Persia and India, during his heroic missions. He optimally mixed and utilised these to become a Philoso-Scientific Warrior. Analysis of the needed abilities through numerology infers that Experience, Attitude, Discipline and Hard-work are the top scorers to be Smart. A Smart understanding of the Universal Secrets; Individual doctrines of other performers; Modified look at the laws of Energy, Matter, Life, Space and Time, optimise and upgrade the Smartness in individuals. All these Smart Techniques are supported by the "Viewer's of the Smart Views."

The essential item producers and distributors in every nation, inflate the prices of their commodities, to cover up their mis-management every year, so that more and more people are not afford to buy them. Thus they create, increase and maintain an expanding below poverty line persons in the nation. This Book substantiates this statement, through verified inference. Also it suggests a dual ratio control on Essential item producers and distributors, for poverty eradication. All the species, in this world survived over the generations, by fitting themselves within the available resources, for many millennium (Darwins's theory). But human, because of their intelligence, survived in a 3 dimensional shell namely (a) The geography and environment (b) The social influences and (c) The economic infrastructure. This book pin points each segment of the world population in and under poverty line, using the World Bank survey map, and the Operating ratio as the measure of the performance of the essential suppliers. Lower ratio represents prosperity. India is taken as a representative country for the analysis. Agriculture is found to be of little value compared to the return on land investment, due to the absence of mass farming. Milk and other essential items like travel, textiles and construction are taken as essential items. An analysis of their Operating ratio in government and private sectors indicate that the ratio is high. It is because of their mismanagement, and monopoly status. They keep the citizen as their captive customers and use price increase as a leverage for their continued survival. Comparatively, this ratio in developed nations are low and under control. Conversely, the operating ratio of non-essential goods in the developing nations are low and favourable, because of competition and global business operators. The golden rule is that the Essential need supplies should keep their Operating ratio at 75 % or below. through cost and expense control. The growth rate of GNP should be equal to the population growth rate OR the population growth rate should be kept equal or less than the feasible GNP growth rate. This will eradicate the poverty in the world. This is applicable to all in government, public or private sectors and all the nations in developed, developing and under developed bracket of economic status.

MOTIVATION is a psychological urge, present in every species. But human, with their productive brain, can acquire certain extraordinary motivational characters, sustain them and achieve a Leadership status. This is formatted by the author as BESTPEDAL, through intensive observations, experiments and research . The first 4 letters are related to Self Discipline. B for Belief, E for End result, S for Success and T for Targets. The next 5 letters are related to the Behaviour. P for Problems, E for Expectations, D for Discussions, A for All others around and L for Lapses. BEST + PEDAL is a Constructive Motivation, benefiting the self and society. This is analysed and proved through the achievement review of 4 international individuals, 7 Epoch making self motivated World Leader pairs and 8 handicapped and self motivators for achievement. Also BEST - PEAL leads to a Destructive Motivation, ending in loss of peace, harmony, wealth and productivity. The formula BEST + PEDAL is also applicable to Social motivation, to upgrade a society and build Peace, harmony and satisfied living. This is analysed and proved through the achievement review of 2 international individual contributors. Also BEST - PEAL leads to a Destructive Social group behavior like Terrorist activities, ending in loss of peace, harmony, wealth and public property. Some thought-provoking Extensions and Leads for Individual and Social motivations are derived as a by-product of these analysis. An Arithmetical analysis and Public Feed back on the components of the BESTPEDAL, support the validity and prove the Positive Leadership achievement orientation.