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John Caius (1510-1573), second founder of Gonville and Caius
College, Cambridge, was an English scholar with an international
reputation in his lifetime as a naturalist, historian and medical
writer. His Autobibliography is a major contribution to the history
of English culture in the middle years of the sixteenth century and
has been translated into English for the first time in this book.
Beginning with an in-depth introduction to John Caius' life and
works, An Autobibliography by John Caius provides a wealth of
information to support and accompany the translation of this
significant text. In his Autobibliography, Caius lists the books
that he wrote but also details the circumstances of their writing.
He describes his travels in Italy in search of manuscripts of the
ancient Greek doctor Galen of Pergamum as well as giving an insight
into his personal life, including his vigorously conservative
views, whether on medicine, spelling and pronunciation, or on
Cambridge University. His religious views, which led to the
ransacking of his rooms by a Cambridge mob, are explored in detail
in Appendix II of this book. In Appendix I, recent discoveries of
books owned and annotated by Caius are used to supplement what he
says about his activities, as well as to trace at least one of his
lost works in Italy and Denmark. The resulting picture throws light
on European medicine in the sixteenth century, as well as on the
humanistic culture that linked learned men and women across
Renaissance Europe.
Principles of Anatomy according to the Opinion of Galen is a
translation of Johann Guinter's textbook as revised and annotated
by Guinter's student, Andreas Vesalius, in 1538. Despite Vesalius'
fame as an anatomist, his 1538 revision has attracted almost no
attention. However, this new translation shows the significant
rewrites and additional information added to the original based on
his own dissections. 250 newly discovered annotations by Vesalius
himself, published here in full for the first time, also show his
working methods and ideas. Together they offer remarkable insights
into Vesalius' intellectual biography and the development of his
most famous work: De humani corporis fabrica, 1543. An extensive
introduction by Vivian Nutton also provides new information on
Johann Guinter, and his substantial use of Vesalius' work for his
own revised version of the text in 1539. Their joint production, a
student textbook, is set against a background of the development of
Renaissance anatomy, and of attitudes to their ancient Greek
predecessor, Galen of Pergamum. This text will be of great interest
to historians of science and medicine, as well as to Renaissance
scholars.
The third edition of this magisterial account of medicine in the
Greek and Roman worlds, written by the foremost expert on the
subject, has been updated to incorporate the many new discoveries
made in the field over the last decade. This revised volume
includes discussions of several new or forgotten works by Galen and
his contemporaries, as well as of new archaeological material. RNA
analysis has expanded our understanding of disease in the ancient
world; the book explores the consequences of this for sufferers,
for example in creating disability. Nutton also expands upon the
treatment of pre-Galenic medicine in Greece and Rome. In addition,
subtitles and a chronology will make for easier student
consultation, and the bibliography is substantially revised and
updated, providing avenues for future student research. This third
edition of Ancient Medicine will remain the definitive textbook on
the subject for students of medicine in the classical world, and
the history of medicine and science more broadly, with much to
interest scholars in the field as well.
The third edition of this magisterial account of medicine in the
Greek and Roman worlds, written by the foremost expert on the
subject, has been updated to incorporate the many new discoveries
made in the field over the last decade. This revised volume
includes discussions of several new or forgotten works by Galen and
his contemporaries, as well as of new archaeological material. RNA
analysis has expanded our understanding of disease in the ancient
world; the book explores the consequences of this for sufferers,
for example in creating disability. Nutton also expands upon the
treatment of pre-Galenic medicine in Greece and Rome. In addition,
subtitles and a chronology will make for easier student
consultation, and the bibliography is substantially revised and
updated, providing avenues for future student research. This third
edition of Ancient Medicine will remain the definitive textbook on
the subject for students of medicine in the classical world, and
the history of medicine and science more broadly, with much to
interest scholars in the field as well.
Provides a comprehensive survey of the medical world of the
European sixteenth century and clearly explains to students what
medicine was and the impact of changes in society such as the print
revolution, the Reformation, and the opening-up of new worlds had
on medical ideas and practices allowing them to see how the history
of medicine (and early modern Europe) was shaped over the course of
the century. The chapters in the book explore topics such as new
worlds, new drugs and new diseases, urban health, different roles
in medicine for men and women, medical communication, the recovery
of ancient medicine, religion and medicine and the patient
experience providing students with a fascinating overview of
medicine, in the broadest sense, in the sixteenth century By
including material from Germany and Spain, as well as from a large
range of unfamiliar authors, this book offers many new insights
into the way in which European medicine was studied, practised and
challenged in the age of Leonardo, Vesalius and Paracelsus.
Provides a comprehensive survey of the medical world of the
European sixteenth century and clearly explains to students what
medicine was and the impact of changes in society such as the print
revolution, the Reformation, and the opening-up of new worlds had
on medical ideas and practices allowing them to see how the history
of medicine (and early modern Europe) was shaped over the course of
the century. The chapters in the book explore topics such as new
worlds, new drugs and new diseases, urban health, different roles
in medicine for men and women, medical communication, the recovery
of ancient medicine, religion and medicine and the patient
experience providing students with a fascinating overview of
medicine, in the broadest sense, in the sixteenth century By
including material from Germany and Spain, as well as from a large
range of unfamiliar authors, this book offers many new insights
into the way in which European medicine was studied, practised and
challenged in the age of Leonardo, Vesalius and Paracelsus.
John Caius (1510-1573), second founder of Gonville and Caius
College, Cambridge, was an English scholar with an international
reputation in his lifetime as a naturalist, historian and medical
writer. His Autobibliography is a major contribution to the history
of English culture in the middle years of the sixteenth century and
has been translated into English for the first time in this book.
Beginning with an in-depth introduction to John Caius' life and
works, An Autobibliography by John Caius provides a wealth of
information to support and accompany the translation of this
significant text. In his Autobibliography, Caius lists the books
that he wrote but also details the circumstances of their writing.
He describes his travels in Italy in search of manuscripts of the
ancient Greek doctor Galen of Pergamum as well as giving an insight
into his personal life, including his vigorously conservative
views, whether on medicine, spelling and pronunciation, or on
Cambridge University. His religious views, which led to the
ransacking of his rooms by a Cambridge mob, are explored in detail
in Appendix II of this book. In Appendix I, recent discoveries of
books owned and annotated by Caius are used to supplement what he
says about his activities, as well as to trace at least one of his
lost works in Italy and Denmark. The resulting picture throws light
on European medicine in the sixteenth century, as well as on the
humanistic culture that linked learned men and women across
Renaissance Europe.
Originally published in 1990, Medicine at the Courts of Europe
1500-1837 is a collection of essays examining the whole range of
medical activities in a variety of European courts, from Rome of
the Borgias to the Russia of Catherine the Great. It documents the
diverse influences of custom, wealth, religion and royal
intervention, along with foreign innovation, popular literary
satire and matters of litigation which so changed the face of court
medicine over three centuries. By looking at court medical
practitioners in such a wide chronological, geographic and thematic
context, these essays provide many new insights for all those
interested in the history of medicine, society and politics from
the sixteenth century to the early nineteenth century.
All Galen's surviving shorter works on psychology and ethics -
including the recently discovered Avoiding Distress, and the
neglected Character Traits, extant only in Arabic - are here
presented in one volume in a new English translation, with
substantial introductions and notes and extensive glossaries.
Original and penetrating analyses are provided of the psychological
and philosophical thought, both of the above and of two absolutely
central works of Galenic philosophy, Affections and Errors and The
Capacities of the Soul, by some of the foremost experts in the
field. Each treatise has also been subjected to fresh textual
study, taking account of the latest scholarly developments, and is
presented with accompanying textual discussions, adding greatly to
the value and accuracy of the work without detracting from its
accessibility to a wider readership. The volume thus makes a major
contribution to the understanding of the ancient world's most
prominent doctor-philosopher in his intellectual context.
In this forgotten treatise, preserved largely in medieval
translations into Arabic and Latin, the greatest medical scientist
of antiquity investigates the relationship between conscious and
unconscious movements. He looks at the structure of the tongue and
the oesophagus, and asks why mental perceptions can have physical
effects on the body. Some of his questions still trouble modern
scientists, although they would not accept most of his answers. The
extensive Introduction and Commentary explain the medical
background for non-medical specialists, and discuss the place of
this treatise and of anatomy in medieval medicine down to Leonardo
da Vinci. As well as being the first English translation of this
important work, this is also the first comparative study of
medieval translations of the same ancient text, and is based on new
editions and collations of all three. The Commentary pays special
attention to the linguistic elements involved in making these
translations.
All Galen's surviving shorter works on psychology and ethics -
including the recently discovered Avoiding Distress, and the
neglected Character Traits, extant only in Arabic - are here
presented in one volume in a new English translation, with
substantial introductions and notes and extensive glossaries.
Original and penetrating analyses are provided of the psychological
and philosophical thought, both of the above and of two absolutely
central works of Galenic philosophy, Affections and Errors and The
Capacities of the Soul, by some of the foremost experts in the
field. Each treatise has also been subjected to fresh textual
study, taking account of the latest scholarly developments, and is
presented with accompanying textual discussions, adding greatly to
the value and accuracy of the work without detracting from its
accessibility to a wider readership. The volume thus makes a major
contribution to the understanding of the ancient world's most
prominent doctor-philosopher in his intellectual context.
This volume offers a comprehensive biography of the Roman physician
Galen, and explores his activities and ideas as a doctor and
intellectual, as well as his reception in later centuries. Nutton's
wide-ranging study surveys Galen's early life and medical
education, as well as his later career in Rome and his role as
court physician for over forty years. It examines Galen's
philosophical approach to medicine and the body, his practices of
prognosis and dissection, and his ideas about preventative medicine
and drugs. A final chapter explores the continuing impact of
Galen's work in the centuries after his death, from his
pre-eminence in Islamic medicine to his resurgence in Western
medicine in the Renaissance, and his continuing impact through to
the nineteenth century even after the discoveries of Vesalius and
Harvey. Galen is the definitive biography this fascinating figure,
written by the preeminent Galen scholar, and offers an invaluable
resource for anyone interested in Galen and his work, and the
history of medicine more broadly.
Originally published in 1990, Medicine at the Courts of Europe
1500-1837 is a collection of essays examining the whole range of
medical activities in a variety of European courts, from Rome of
the Borgias to the Russia of Catherine the Great. It documents the
diverse influences of custom, wealth, religion and royal
intervention, along with foreign innovation, popular literary
satire and matters of litigation which so changed the face of court
medicine over three centuries. By looking at court medical
practitioners in such a wide chronological, geographic and thematic
context, these essays provide many new insights for all those
interested in the history of medicine, society and politics from
the sixteenth century to the early nineteenth century.
Die Schrift 'UEber die eigenen Lehrmeinungen' gehoert der letzten
Schaffensperiode Galens an. Der Autor verfolgt darin das Ziel,
seine eigenen Auffassungen zu medizinischen und philosophischen
Fragestellungen im UEberblick darzustellen, um sichere
Anhaltspunkte fur die Authentizitat des Inhalts der unter seinem
Namen verbreiteten Schriften zu geben. Die Abhandlung ist damit ein
Zeugnis der schriftstellerischen Selbstdarstellung Galens. Die
UEberlieferungsverhaltnisse dieses Textes sind besonders
kompliziert: Vom griechischen Original sind nur Fragmente erhalten,
nahezu vollstandig liegt die Schrift in einer mittelalterlichen
lateinischen UEbersetzung vor, die ihrerseits nach einer arabischen
Version der griechischen Fassung angefertigt worden ist. Da bisher
nur die griechischen Textstucke bekannt waren, handelt es sich bei
dieser Edition um die Erstveroeffentlichung der ganzen Schrift.
Principles of Anatomy according to the Opinion of Galen is a
translation of Johann Guinter's textbook as revised and annotated
by Guinter's student, Andreas Vesalius, in 1538. Despite Vesalius'
fame as an anatomist, his 1538 revision has attracted almost no
attention. However, this new translation shows the significant
rewrites and additional information added to the original based on
his own dissections. 250 newly discovered annotations by Vesalius
himself, published here in full for the first time, also show his
working methods and ideas. Together they offer remarkable insights
into Vesalius' intellectual biography and the development of his
most famous work: De humani corporis fabrica, 1543. An extensive
introduction by Vivian Nutton also provides new information on
Johann Guinter, and his substantial use of Vesalius' work for his
own revised version of the text in 1539. Their joint production, a
student textbook, is set against a background of the development of
Renaissance anatomy, and of attitudes to their ancient Greek
predecessor, Galen of Pergamum. This text will be of great interest
to historians of science and medicine, as well as to Renaissance
scholars.
This volume offers a comprehensive biography of the Roman physician
Galen, and explores his activities and ideas as a doctor and
intellectual, as well as his reception in later centuries. Nutton's
wide-ranging study surveys Galen's early life and medical
education, as well as his later career in Rome and his role as
court physician for over forty years. It examines Galen's
philosophical approach to medicine and the body, his practices of
prognosis and dissection, and his ideas about preventative medicine
and drugs. A final chapter explores the continuing impact of
Galen's work in the centuries after his death, from his
pre-eminence in Islamic medicine to his resurgence in Western
medicine in the Renaissance, and his continuing impact through to
the nineteenth century even after the discoveries of Vesalius and
Harvey. Galen is the definitive biography this fascinating figure,
written by the preeminent Galen scholar, and offers an invaluable
resource for anyone interested in Galen and his work, and the
history of medicine more broadly.
In this forgotten treatise, preserved largely in medieval
translations into Arabic and Latin, the greatest medical scientist
of antiquity investigates the relationship between conscious and
unconscious movements. He looks at the structure of the tongue and
the oesophagus, and asks why mental perceptions can have physical
effects on the body. Some of his questions still trouble modern
scientists, although they would not accept most of his answers. The
extensive Introduction and Commentary explain the medical
background for non-medical specialists, and discuss the place of
this treatise and of anatomy in medieval medicine down to Leonardo
da Vinci. As well as being the first English translation of this
important work, this is also the first comparative study of
medieval translations of the same ancient text, and is based on new
editions and collations of all three. The Commentary pays special
attention to the linguistic elements involved in making these
translations.
The influence of Greek medical practices dating back to the fifth century B.C. has had an immeasurable impact on the development of medicine in the West over the subsequent centuries. This text is designed to cover the history of Western medicine from Classical Antiquity to 1800. As one guiding thread it takes the system of medical ideas that, in large part, went back to the Greeks of the fifth century B.C., and played a major role in the understanding and treatment of health and disease. The influence of Greek medicine spread from the Aegean basin to the rest of the Mediterranean region, to Europe, and then to European settlements overseas. By the nineteenth century, however, this tradition no longer carried the same force or occupied so central a position within medicine. This book charts the influence of this tradition through twenty centuries, examining it in its social and historical context. It is essential reading as a new synthesis for all students of the history of medicine.
Medicine and religion were intertwined in the middle ages; here are
studies of specific instances. The sheer extent of crossover -
medics as religious men, religious men as medics, medical language
at the service of preaching and moral-theological language deployed
in medical writings - is the driving force behind these studies.
The book reflects the extraordinary advances which 'pure' history
of medicine has made in the last twenty years: there is medicine at
the levels of midwife and village practitioner, the sweep of the
learned Greek and Latin tradition of over a millennium; there is
control of midwifery by the priest, therapy through liturgy,
medicine as an expression of religious life for heretics, medicine
invading theologians' discussion of earthly paradise; and so on.
Professor PETER BILLER is Senior Lecturer in History at the
University of York; Dr JOSEPH ZIEGLER teaches in the Department of
History at the University of Haifa.Contributors JOSEPH ZIEGLER,
PEREGRINE HORDEN, KATHRYNTAGLIA, JESSALYN BIRD, PETER BILLER,
DANIELLE JACQUART, MICHAEL McVAUGH, MAAIKE VAN DER LUGT, WILLIAM
COURTENAY, VIVIAN NUTTON.
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