With an emphasis on developments taking place in Germany during the nineteenth century, this book provides in-depth examinations of the key contributions made by the pioneers of scientific psychology. Their works brought measurement and mathematics into the study of the mind. Through unique analysis of measurement theory by Whewell, mathematical developments by Gauss, and theories of mental processes developed by Herbart, Weber, Fechner, Helmholtz, Muller, Delboeuf and others, this volume maps the beliefs, discoveries, and interactions that constitute the very origins of psychophysics and its offspring Experimental Psychology. Murray and Link expertly combine nuanced understanding of linguistic and historic factors to identify theoretical approaches to relating physicalintensities and psychological magnitudes. With an eye to interactions and influences on future work in the field, the volume illustrates the important legacy that mathematical developments in the nineteenth century have for twentieth and twenty-first century psychologists. This detailed and engaging account fills a deep gap in the history of psychology. The Creation of Scientific Psychology will appeal to researchers, academics, and students in the fields of history of psychology, psychophysics, scientific, and mathematical psychology.

Two experimental procedures prompted the empirical development of psychophysical models: those that measure response frequency, often referred to as response probability; and those that measure response time, sometimes referred to as reaction time. The history of psychophysics is filled with theories that predict one or the other of these two responses. Yet the persistent reappearance of empirical relationships between these two measures of performance makes clear the need for a theory that both predicts and relates these two measures. Most likely, both response measures are the result of a single process that generates empirical laws relating response time and response probability. It is this process - its theory, description, and application - that is the topic of The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity. Originally published in 1992, the author of this book has set out to provide a theoretical foundation for formulating new theories that systematize earlier results and to stimulate new concepts and introduce new tools for exploring mental phenomena and improving mental measurement.

Two experimental procedures prompted the empirical development of psychophysical models: those that measure response frequency, often referred to as response probability; and those that measure response time, sometimes referred to as reaction time. The history of psychophysics is filled with theories that predict one or the other of these two responses. Yet the persistent reappearance of empirical relationships between these two measures of performance makes clear the need for a theory that both predicts and relates these two measures. Most likely, both response measures are the result of a single process that generates empirical laws relating response time and response probability. It is this process - its theory, description, and application - that is the topic of The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity. Originally published in 1992, the author of this book has set out to provide a theoretical foundation for formulating new theories that systematize earlier results and to stimulate new concepts and introduce new tools for exploring mental phenomena and improving mental measurement.

The plan for this volume emerged during the international Leipzig conference commemorating the centenary of the death of Gustav Fechner. The contributors suggested that while many features of modern psychological theory were anticipated by Fechner, many new theoretical approaches owe much more to him than often is realized. As such, they decided to honor Fechner by evaluating his own contribution to the founding of psychology and psychoanalysis, by deepening the foundations of psychological theories of consciousness, perception, and choice, and by using the analysis of time to create a new appreciation of constraints that bind mental processes together.
Thus, this volume spans an extraordinary range of psychological topics, from hermeneutics to the time-quantum basis for mental processes, in a way that would both amaze and delight Fechner. Moreover, the international reach of his pioneering ideas can be seen from the current locations of the contributors. The span from Japan to the United States to Holland to Germany and to Israel provides a global measure of Fechner's scientific legacy.

The plan for this volume emerged during the international Leipzig conference commemorating the centenary of the death of Gustav Fechner. The contributors suggested that while many features of modern psychological theory were anticipated by Fechner, many new theoretical approaches owe much more to him than often is realized. As such, they decided to honor Fechner by evaluating his own contribution to the founding of psychology and psychoanalysis, by deepening the foundations of psychological theories of consciousness, perception, and choice, and by using the analysis of time to create a new appreciation of constraints that bind mental processes together. Thus, this volume spans an extraordinary range of psychological topics, from hermeneutics to the time-quantum basis for mental processes, in a way that would both amaze and delight Fechner. Moreover, the international reach of his pioneering ideas can be seen from the current locations of the contributors. The span from Japan to the United States to Holland to Germany and to Israel provides a global measure of Fechner's scientific legacy.

With an emphasis on developments taking place in Germany during the nineteenth century, this book provides in-depth examinations of the key contributions made by the pioneers of scientific psychology. Their works brought measurement and mathematics into the study of the mind. Through unique analysis of measurement theory by Whewell, mathematical developments by Gauss, and theories of mental processes developed by Herbart, Weber, Fechner, Helmholtz, Muller, Delboeuf and others, this volume maps the beliefs, discoveries, and interactions that constitute the very origins of psychophysics and its offspring Experimental Psychology. Murray and Link expertly combine nuanced understanding of linguistic and historic factors to identify theoretical approaches to relating physicalintensities and psychological magnitudes. With an eye to interactions and influences on future work in the field, the volume illustrates the important legacy that mathematical developments in the nineteenth century have for twentieth and twenty-first century psychologists. This detailed and engaging account fills a deep gap in the history of psychology. The Creation of Scientific Psychology will appeal to researchers, academics, and students in the fields of history of psychology, psychophysics, scientific, and mathematical psychology.

This volume presents documents that illustrate the variety of experiences and themes involved in the transformation of American political, economic, and social systems during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era (1870-1920).Includes nearly 70 documents which cover the period from the end of the Civil War and Reconstruction in the 1870s through World War I
Explores the experiences of people during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era from a variety of diverse perspectives, including important political and cultural leaders as well as everyday individuals
Charts the nationalization of American life and the establishment of the United States as a global power
Introduces students to historical analysis and encourages them to engage critically with primary sources
Introductory materials from the editors situate the documents within their historical context
A bibliography provides essential suggestions for further reading and research

sowie Einzelinitiativen von Gross (Frankfurt) lange Zeit keine Nachahmer, vor allem nicht bei Kollegen, die als Kassenarzte tatig waren."

RETURN OF THE THREE KINGS: RECLAIMING THE 12 DAYS OF CHRISTMAS addresses the all-too-common reality of Christmas today: over-commercialization, rush, stress and let-down. Many have shared the typical experience of the Christmas morning melee of presents followed by too much eggnog and turkey and the post-Christmas depressed stupor, knowing that we have to wait another year for the full Christmas Spirit to arrive again. Finding something missing in the usual Christmas celebrations, Jo Lee Loveland Link and John W. Link looked to older traditions and less harried times for inspiration. The Links were delighted to rediscover Olde Christmas, the 12 Days that actually occur after Christmas Day, December 25 through January 6 - Epiphany, the Festival of the Three Kings. IN THIS BOOK the Links explore the complex historical, religious, and cultural traditions that were created and evolved out of the 12 Days of Christmas (without partridges, gold rings or milking maids). To this older tradition, the Links grafted new ideas to celebrate a renewed 12 Days of Christmas. The Links emphasize the universality of Festivals of Light across the World, across religions, and across centuries. Based on midwinter Solstice Festivals and sacred stories and teachings, Christmastime provides the ideal platform to reach out to embrace festivals and ceremonies with meaning for each family. The Links have included daily readings that reflect this diversity and have included three sections of readings: (1) readings and prayers from a wide range of traditional Christian Sources; (2) readings from World Religions and ecumenical sources including Judaism, Buddhism and Sufism; and (3) readings which are agnostic or secular, but focused on Christmas themes. The Links sought to make sure that the 12 Days would be inclusive for all families with often different points of view and members in different faith journeys at different times in their lives. The book includes detailed how-to information, and strategies for celebration of the 12 Days for individuals, couples, families, and those with loved ones stationed elsewhere. The Celebration unites giving a simple gift, sharing a short reading, and heartfelt conversation about the real meaning of each day for givers and receivers. There is even a section on dealing with grief and sorrow during the holidays. The book has additional resources of holiday activities, stories, books, movies, most of which are available for free. RETURN OF THE THREE KINGS provides a fresh way to meet the challenges that we face as we navigate the emotional minefield of the holidays. This old tradition made new again becomes a guide to having more fun and yet getting a deeper sense of meaning and connection for ourselves, our families, and our communities. The Links began researching and experimenting with their 12 Days of Christmas Celebration over ten years ago. Professionally they are consultants, trainers and researchers in social science, and interpersonal and organizational dynamics for the government, Fortune 500's, start-ups, non-profits, and churches. They live in the mountains of Virginia with their two cats, and with the good company of visits from grandchildren, children, and friends.

Erfolgreich selbststandig, statt allein und pausenlos arbeiten Viele traumen von dem Schritt in die Selbststandigkeit, aber nur wenige wagen ihn. Erfolgreich selbststandig ermutigt und hilft, den eigenen Weg als Freelancer zu finden - und zu gehen. Gewohnt kurz und knapp, mit viel Humor und erprobten Tipps aus seiner rund 15-jahrigen Berufserfahrung erklart Amazon-Bestseller-Autor Marco W. Linke, was Existenzgrunder wirklich wissen sollten: Rechtsform der Selbststandigkeit, Erstellung eines Businessplans, Tricks zu preiswerter Eigenwerbung, die Professionelle Firmen-Website, SEO-Grundlagen, zielgerichtete Kundenakquise und kostendeckende Honorarkalkulation, Angebote und Rechnungen schreiben, Buchhaltung, Vertragsrecht, Steuern, Versicherungen und Altersvorsorge. ********** DER TRAUM: Unterschied zwischen Vision und Illusion. Die richtige Motivation. Mit und ohne Geld starten. ********** ERSTE SCHRITTE: Am Anfang war die Idee. Profi oder Alleskonner? Der Businessplan. Rechtsformen der Selbststandigkeit und Zusammenarbeit. ********** RUSTZEUG FUR DEN START: Der gute Name. Der Claim. Markencheck. Rechtliches. Was kann warten? Was nicht? ********** DIE FIRMEN-WEBSITE: Dein digitales Portfolio. Vorteile bewerben. Mit Referenzen uberzeugen. ********** EIGENWERBUNG: Fur sich werben. Preiswerte Werbung. Suchmaschinenoptimierung SEO. Social Media. ********** KUDNEN FINDEN: Allgemeines zur Kundensuche. Kaltakquise. Job Boards. Kundenmanagement. ********** KUNDEN BEHALTEN: Kunden halten, statt akquirieren. Richtig briefen. Kunden uberzeugen. Professionell von Anfang bis Ende. ********** VERGUTUNG: Was kannst du verdienen? Welchen Preis kannst du verlangen? Zeitaufwand oder pauschal? ********** DER MINDEST-STUNDENLOHN: Kenne dein Limit. Stundensatz berechnen. ********** DER VERTRAG: Vertragsrecht. Vertragsgegenstand. Nutzungsrechte. Berechnung von Lizenzen. Allgemeine Geschaftsbedingungen. ********** DIE RECHNUNG: Was gehort in die Rechn

Schritt fur Schritt wird euch erklart, wie ihr konkurrenzfahige und kostendeckende Angebote erstellt: Der kleine Leitfaden soll jungen wie gestandenen (Web-)Designern, Textern und Konzeptionern helfen, Auftrage richtig einzuschatzen und Leistungen gewinnbringend zu kalkulieren. 1.) Angebote erstellen: Aber wie? 2.) Design kostet Zeit: Berechnung des Arbeitsaufwandes 3.) Zeit kostet Geld: Berechnung des eigenen Stundensatzes 4.) Vorsicht Kunde: Das Briefing 5.) Jetzt geht es los: Kalkulation eines Angebotes 6.) Wem nutzt es?: Nutzungslizenzen vereinbaren 7.) Sich vertragen: Wichtige Vertragsgrundlagen 8.) Sonderteil: Webdesign: Tipps und Tricks aus der Praxis. "Design kalkulieren ist jedem Kreativen zu empfehlen." (PAGE, Ausgabe 01.2011) "Wirklich kostendeckende Angebote erstellen." (AGD - Allianz Deutscher Designer) "Design kalkulieren in der Amazon-Bestseller-Liste" Karriere & Business (Top 9) Weitere Infos & Pre-Sale-Fragen zu DESIGN KALKULIEREN

"Musiktheorie fur Lernmuffel" gibt einen raschen Uberblick uber das "Land der Musiklehre." Kurz und knapp lernst du auf humoristische Weise das Lesen von Noten, Grundlagenwissen zu Rhythmus, Tempo, Dynamik, Tonleitern, Akkorden, Melodien und Tipps zum Komponieren eigener Songs. Dabei wird bewusst auf wissenschaftliche Feinheiten verzichtet. Vielmehr bietet das Buch einen gesunden Kompromiss aus Wissen und Lucke. Mit Unterstutzung von Musikpadagogen und -studenten wurde das Buch um Grafiken, Merkkastchen, Wiederholungsfragen und Ubungen erganzt, was das Lesen unterhaltsamer macht - und das Lernen deutlich erleichtert. Einfache Dinge werden so noch einfacher und komplizierte Dinge (von Andante bis Qintenzirkel) verstandlich erklart.

Die Sammlung humoristischer Kurzgeschichten erzahlt von der Liebe und deren Widrigkeiten. Ob gemeinsames Gliedmassen-Verknoten in der stets zu kleinen Badewanne, sockenverschlingende Waschmaschinen oder spatpubertare Liebessehnsuchte: Die selbstironischen Beobachtungen des Autorenpaares regen zum Schmunzeln an. Und immer erkennt man sich ein bisschen wieder...Die Autoren: Barbara Schilling: 1978 in Berlin geboren, schreibt die Wahl-Potsdamerin: Lyrik, Kurzgeschichten, Krimis und Romane. Nach dem Studium an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (Neuere deutsche Literatur, Kulturwissenschaft) arbeitet sie als Werbetexterin.Marco W. Linke: Der Jurist und Grafik-Designer grundete 2000 das artivista - werbeatelier. Neben seinem Agenturalltag als Creative Director schreibt und produziert er deutsch- und englischsprachige Songs fur verschiedene Musikverlage und Filmproduktionsfirmen (u. a. BMG K&P, Universal Music Group Polygram / Potstupimi, Heinrich-Boll Stiftung)