Queues for service of one kind or another arise in many different fields of activity. In recent years a considerable amount of research has been conducted into the properties of simplified mathematical models of such queueing systems. Our objects in the present mono graph are threefold. First we have tried, especially in Chapter I, to give an account of the general ideas that are useful in describing and thinking about queueing systems. Secondly, we have illustrated by examples some of the mathematical techniques that are useful for the study of these systems. Finally, we have given some explicit mathematical results which may be useful in practical investigations. A recent bibliography gave some 600 papers on queueing and allied subjects. Clearly we cannot, in the modest limits of the present work, cover more than a small proportion of the huge amount of material available. However, some results that we have not had space to discuss in detail have been given in outline in the form of exercises."

This volume is based on prec'entations at the conference on Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals which was held in Green port, New York in October, 1972. The conference was sponsored by the Middle Atlantic Natural Sciences Council, Inc., a non profit educational corporation, together with the Marine Science Centers of Adelphi University, the State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island University, Suffolk County Community College, and the Shelter Island Oyster Company. The purpose of the conference was to provide a needed ex change of knowledge among scientists of various specialties whose information would be invaluable to others confronted with similar problems, even with different marine animals. Part I considers supportive techniques -- general isolation and culture methods, problems of disease and feeding. Specific techniques employed in the culture of a wide range of invertebrate organisms is covered in Part II. We want to thank the contributors for their cooperation in preparing the manuscripts based on their conference presentations. Walter L. Smith Matoira H. Chanley v Contents PART I Recirculating System Culture Methods for Marine Organisms ............. ."