Many more documents survive from the early Middle Ages than from the Roman Empire. Although ecclesiastical archives may account for the dramatic increase in the number of surviving documents, this new investigation reveals the scale and spread of documentary culture beyond the Church. The contributors explore the nature of the surviving documentation without preconceptions to show that we cannot infer changing documentary practices from patterns of survival. Throughout Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages - from North Africa, Egypt, Italy, Francia and Spain to Anglo-Saxon England - people at all social levels, whether laity or clergy, landowners or tenants, farmers or royal functionaries, needed, used and kept documents. The story of documentary culture in the early medieval world emerges not as one of its capture by the Church, but rather of a response adopted by those who needed documents, as they reacted to a changing legal, social and institutional landscape.

Egoicism, a mindset that places primary focus upon oneself, appears to be rampant in contemporary Western cultures as commercial advertisements, popular books, song lyrics, and mobile software applications consistently promote self-interest. Although a focus on oneself has adaptive value for physical preservation, decision making, and planning, researchers have begun to address the psychological, interpersonal, and broader societal costs of excessive egoicism. In an increasingly crowded and interdependent world, there is a pressing need for investigation of alternatives to a "me and mine first" mindset. For centuries, scholars, spiritual leaders, and social activists have advocated a "hypo-egoic" way of being that is characterized by less self-concern in favor of a more inclusive, "we first" mode of functioning. In recent years, investigations of hypo-egoic functioning have been taken up by philosophers, cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, and psychologists. Edited by Kirk Warren Brown and Mark Leary, The Oxford Handbook of Hypo-egoic Phenomena brings together these vital lines of inquiry, distilling current knowledge about hypo-egoicism into a single source book. The authors of each chapter have conducted high-quality research and written authoritatively about topics that involve hypo-egoicism, all together providing an authoritative account of theory, research, and applications of hypo-egoic functioning. Part I of the book offers theoretical perspectives from philosophy and several major branches of psychology to inform our understanding of the nature of hypo-egoicism and its expressions in various domains of life. Part II presents psychological research findings regarding particular psychological phenomena in which hypo-egoicism is a prominent feature, demonstrating the implications of hypo-egoicism for well-being, emotion regulation, adaptive decision-making, positive social relations, and other markers of human well-being. Each chapter reviews the research literature regarding a particular hypo-egoic phenomenon and offers constructive criticism of the current limits of the research and important agendas for future investigation. Thus, this Handbook offers the most comprehensive and thoughtful analyses of hypo-egoicism to date.

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Threats to our planet come in many forms. Some are alien visitations, some lay dormant in the Earth itself, and occasionally, danger arrives with a big gun and fantastic hair. Whatever the threat, whoever the enemy, UNIT is ready to defend the world. 8.1 This Sleep of Death by Jonathan Morris. Abbey Marston. UNIT’s dark secret. A place where the laws of space and time, life and death, can be suspended. Where remembering the departed has consequence. When UNIT faces a threat from a dead man, Kate has no choice but to return to Abbey Marston once more, to disturb the sleep of death. But the Static are waiting… 8.2 Tempest by Lisa McMullin. When the planet’s weather systems start behaving strangely, Osgood is worried. Soon, she and Sam Bishop are heading to a remote Scottish island where an eccentric old woman speaks to the wind itself. Meanwhile, Kate Stewart visits a deep-sea oil-rig where strange things are afoot. A tempest is coming, and it could be disaster for the entire world. 8.3. & 8.4 The Power of River Song by Guy Adams. Part 1: UNIT has been assigned to monitor the switch-on of a revolutionary new power system – they know from experience such things can be tricky. Nearby, Osgood and Lieutenant Bishop investigate mysterious disappearances - and appearances of trans-temporal phenomena. Kate would like to ask the Director some questions, but she’s proving strangely elusive… until there’s a murder. Part 2: There’s a dead body in the power station. River Song is the prime suspect. And Kate is most concerned by the identity of the victim. Meanwhile, Sam and Jacqui chase Vikings, while Osgood finds herself out of time. As deadly focus their attention on Earth, it seems activating the power of River Song could spell the end of everything... CAST: Jemma Redgrave (Kate Stewart), Ingrid Oliver (Osgood), Alex Kingston (River Song /The Director), Warren Brown (Lieutenant Sam Bishop), James Joyce (Josh Carter), Andrew French (Sergeant Warren Calder), Ajjaz Awad (Private Meghan Coates), Hywel Morgan (Jeff / Barney), Alexandra Mathie (Mother McCracken), Chris Jarman (Joel Sanders), Tracy Wiles (Jacqui McGee), Enzo Squillino Jnr (Mr Chant), Leighton Pugh (Leif / Wampeerix).