This book addresses space science and communication - one of the main pillars of space science sustainability, an area that has recently become of great importance. In this regard, research and development play a crucial role in sustainability development. However, obtaining essential data in the physical world to interpret the universe and to predict what could happen in the future is a challenging undertaking. Accordingly, providing valid information to understand trends, evaluate needs, and create sustainable development policies and programs in the best interest of all the people is indispensable. This book was prepared in conjunction with the fifth meeting of the 2017 International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace2017), held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 3-5 May 2017 to introduce graduate stuandents, researchers, lecturers, engineers, geospatialists, meteorologists, climatologists, astronomers and practitioners to the latest applications of space science, telecommunications, meteorology, remote sensing and related fields. The individual papers discuss a broad range of space science and technology applications, e.g. the formation of global warming from space, environmental and remote sensing, communication systems, and smart materials for space applications.

This book addresses space science and communication - one of the main pillars of space science sustainability, an area that has recently become of great importance. In this regard, research and development play a crucial role in sustainability development. However, obtaining essential data in the physical world to interpret the universe and to predict what could happen in the future is a challenging undertaking. Accordingly, providing valid information to understand trends, evaluate needs, and create sustainable development policies and programs in the best interest of all the people is indispensable. This book was prepared in conjunction with the fifth meeting of the 2017 International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace2017), held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 3-5 May 2017 to introduce graduate stuandents, researchers, lecturers, engineers, geospatialists, meteorologists, climatologists, astronomers and practitioners to the latest applications of space science, telecommunications, meteorology, remote sensing and related fields. The individual papers discuss a broad range of space science and technology applications, e.g. the formation of global warming from space, environmental and remote sensing, communication systems, and smart materials for space applications.

This book investigates tropospheric delays, one of the main error sources in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), and its impact plays a crucial role in near real-time weather forecasting. Accessibility and accurate estimation of this parameter are essential for weather and climate research. Advances in GNNS application has allowed the measurements of Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) in all weather conditions and on a global scale with fine temporal and spatial resolution. However, GPS data are not always available for a full 24-hour period. Using a soft computing technique such as Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) as a new alternative, the ZTD can be determined by using the surface meteorological data as inputs. The estimation and prediction of ZTD value are presented in this book.

Consciousness of the importance of accurate weather forecasts and climate modeling to manage our daily activities or to better understand physical processes of the atmosphere, many efforts have been made. Among the activity is monitoring and data collection, especially measurements of water vapor in the atmosphere, which was previously using conventional technology. One technology currently being developed and widely used in communications is Global Positioning System (GPS). The new GPS technology can be implemented in the field of meteorology in the early 1990s, where scientists have successfully developed a technique for determining the water vapor by exploiting the signal delays during the propagation from satellite to a receiver, which has significantly improve weather forecasting accuracy. The result of these efforts created a new science, namely GPS Meteorology.

One of the issues of urban development and urban lifestyle, which can be studied from the sea to space, has posed important challenges for humanities, environmental management of cities and urban areas, and the economy. This field is one of the pillars of sustainable development from urban studies towards sustainability welfare. Research and development (R & D) in this part plays a crucial role where urban problems are always alive and increasing every year because of changing customer preferences and needs. City authorities must make appropriate policy choices to protect the provision of equitable housing, health, and transportation services in the future. The megatrends 2030 triggered by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 estimates urbanization will increase sharply, massive move from rural to urban areas, and the land is getting narrower, especially in Asia. New directions and developments in this field and discussion of future priorities must be well anticipated, meticulous, dignified, and innovative. This book highlights the latest views and solutions to technological innovations adapted to achieve prosperity in urban sustainability. For instance, adapting new buildings for urban needs with low-cost and modern design materials, the housing environment and the layout of city space, weather changes to disaster, and smart transportation systems are also taken into account. It also involves electricity, environmental management, and ways to use agricultural land to increase income. The ease of technology produced will change the business model. This contributed volume presents solicit selected papers of the 2020 International Conference on Urban Sustainability, Environment, and Engineering (CUSME 2020) with the theme "Urban Life and Technology". The book covers the point of view in urban architectures with green technology, sustainable environmental, management, agrotechnology, and smart transportation systems. The impact of urban development such as psychological and cultural influences, communication and social complexity, information systems and technology is also discussed with various solutions offered. The outcomes of the conference will certainly support government policy, stakeholders, policymakers, scientists, and engineers by bringing together their latest findings towards achieving a sustainable economy, improved quality of life, and protecting the environment. The findings of this study will create opportunities for further collaboration and are expected to improve the welfare of humanity. The conference committee and all our contributors wish to pleasantly thank for their efforts and cooperation in finalizing this volume. We wish to acknowledge and gratitude Nova Science Publishers Team for supporting our book proposal and for granting the opportunity to publish these conference proceedings and for their cooperation and support.

Water vapour is a key in the hydrological cycle and the main driver of atmospheric events. Remote sensing of water vapor using the Global Positioning System (GPS) is essential for weather and climate research. Advances in GPS application has allowed the measurements of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and perceptible water vapour (PWV) in all weather conditions and on a global scale with fine temporal and spatial resolution. Using TEC as a measure of solar activity and PWV as the terrestrial response, a new approach for determining and quantifying the solar influence on PWV by indirectly correlating the PWV and TEC variations on a time basis is presented in this book.