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Containing essays by leading Cold War scholars, such as Wilfried
Loth, Geir Lundestad and Seppo Hentila, this volume offers a
broad-ranging examination of the history of detente in the Cold
War. The ten years from 1965 to 1975 marked a deep transformation
of the bipolar international system of the Cold War. The Vietnam
War and the Prague Spring showed the limits of the two superpowers,
who were constrained to embark on a wide-ranging detente policy,
which culminated with the SALT agreements of 1972. At the same time
this very detente opened new venues for the European countries:
French policy towards the USSR and the German Ostpolitik being the
most evident cases in point. For the first time since the 1950s,
Western Europe began to participate in the shaping of the Cold War.
The same could not be said of Eastern Europe, but ferments began to
establish themselves there which would ultimately lead to the
astounding changes of 1989-90: the Prague Spring, the uprisings in
Gdansk in 1970 and generally the rise of the dissident movement.
That last process being directly linked to the far-reaching event
which marked the end of that momentous decade: the Helsinki
conference. The Making of Detente will appeal to students of the
Cold War, international history and European contemporary history.
Containing essays by leading Cold War scholars, such as Wilfried
Loth, Geir Lundestad and Seppo Hentila, this volume offers a
broad-ranging examination of the history of detente in the Cold
War.
The ten years from 1965 to 1975 marked a deep transformation of
the bipolar international system of the Cold War. The Vietnam War
and the Prague Spring showed the limits of the two superpowers, who
were constrained to embark on a wide-ranging detente policy, which
culminated with the SALT agreements of 1972. At the same time this
very detente opened new venues for the European countries: French
policy towards the USSR and the German Ostpolitik being the most
evident cases in point. For the first time since the 1950s, Western
Europe began to participate in the shaping of the Cold War. The
same could not be said of Eastern Europe, but ferments began to
establish themselves there which would ultimately lead to the
astounding changes of 1989-90: the Prague Spring, the uprisings in
Gdansk in 1970 and generally the rise of the dissident movement.
That last process being directly linked to the far-reaching event
which marked the end of that momentous decade: the Helsinki
conference.
The Making of Detente will appeal to students of the Cold War,
international history and European contemporary history."
Relying on internal sources, Wilfried Loth analyses the birth and
subsequent development of the European Union, from the launch of
the Council of Europe and the Schuman Declaration until the Euro
crisis and the contested European presidential election of
Jean-Claude Juncker. This book shines a light on the crises of the
European integration, such as the failure of the European Defence
Community, De Gaulle's empty chair policy, or the rejection of the
European Constitution in France and the Netherlands, but also
highlights the indubitable successes that are the Franco-German
reconciliation, the establishment of the European common market,
and the establishment of an expanding common currency. What this
study accomplishes, for the first time, is to illuminate the
driving forces behind the European integration process and how it
changed European politics and society."An enlightening work.
Arequired reading for all who doubt the unfinished history of
Europe." - Rolf Steininger, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung."This
book will become an indispensable standard work." - Joerg
Himmelreich, Neue Zurcher Zeitung.
Relying on internal sources, Wilfried Loth analyses the birth and
subsequent development of the European Union, from the launch of
the Council of Europe and the Schuman Declaration until the Euro
crisis and the contested European presidential election of
Jean-Claude Juncker. This book shines a light on the crises of the
European integration, such as the failure of the European Defence
Community, De Gaulle's empty chair policy, or the rejection of the
European Constitution in France and the Netherlands, but also
highlights the indubitable successes that are the Franco-German
reconciliation, the establishment of the European common market,
and the establishment of an expanding common currency. What this
study accomplishes, for the first time, is to illuminate the
driving forces behind the European integration process and how it
changed European politics and society. "An enlightening work. A
required reading for all who doubt the unfinished history of
Europe." - Rolf Steininger, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. "This
book will become an indispensable standard work." - Joerg
Himmelreich, Neue Zurcher Zeitung.
How did Germany come to be divided during the Cold War? The
renowned German historian Wilfired Loth has examined the archives
of the Eastern side and comes to fascinating conclusions. He
demonstrates that Stalin wanted neither a separate state on the
soil of the Soviet Occupation Zone nor a socialist state in Germany
at all. Instead, Stalin sought a joint administration of Germany by
the victorious powers, a Germany along the lines of the Weimar
Republic. The socialist separate state of the GDR is primarily the
product of Walter Ulbricht's revolutionary zeal, which was able to
unfold in the context of the Western walling-off policy.
Walter Hallstein was among the great European visionaries. This is
the first book length study of one of the key shapers of the
European Community in its early years. The range of contributors
include those who worked with Hallstein and have personal
recollections of him, and younger historians drawing upon documents
only recently available. The book contains sections on his
contribution as State Secretary to post-war German foreign policy,
his seminal role as the first President of the Commission of the
EEC and the legacy of his work and ideas and later years as
President of the European Movement.
Global Interdependence provides a new account of world history from
the end of World War II to the present, an era when transnational
communities began to challenge the long domination of the
nation-state. In this single-volume survey, leading scholars
elucidate the political, economic, cultural, and environmental
forces that have shaped the planet in the past sixty years.
Offering fresh insight into international politics since 1945,
Wilfried Loth examines how miscalculations by both the United
States and the Soviet Union brought about a Cold War conflict that
was not necessarily inevitable. Thomas Zeiler explains how American
free-market principles spurred the creation of an entirely new
economic order--a global system in which goods and money flowed
across national borders at an unprecedented rate, fueling growth
for some nations while also creating inequalities in large parts of
the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. From an environmental
viewpoint, J. R. McNeill and Peter Engelke contend that humanity
has entered a new epoch, the Anthropocene era, in which massive
industrialization and population growth have become the most
powerful influences upon global ecology. Petra Goedde analyzes how
globalization has impacted indigenous cultures and questions the
extent to which a generic culture has erased distinctiveness and
authenticity. She shows how, paradoxically, the more cultures
blended, the more diversified they became as well. Combining these
different perspectives, volume editor Akira Iriye presents a model
of transnational historiography in which individuals and groups
enter history not primarily as citizens of a country but as
migrants, tourists, artists, and missionaries--actors who create
networks that transcend traditional geopolitical boundaries.
Zum 100. Geburtstag von Charles de Gaulle, 50 Jahre nach seinem
legen daren Aufrufvom 18. Juni 1940, den Kampf gegen die deutschen
Invasoren fortzusetzen, und 20 Jahre nach seinem 'Ibd, scheinen die
aussenpolitischen Visionen des Grundungsprasidenten der V. Republik
in uberraschender Weise Wirklichkeit zu werden. Das "Europa vom
Atlantik bis zum Ural," das er gegen die Konfrontation der Blocke
als Zielperspektive europaischer Politik beschworen hat, ist keine
utopische Chimare mehr: Das System von Jalta, wie de Gaulle es in
plakativer Vereinfachung genannt hat, ist zerfal len; der
Ost-West-Konflikt hat sich aufgelost, und die Gestaltung des Euro
paischen Hauses ist zur politischen Tagesaufgabe geworden.
Gleichzeitig ist die deutsche Einheit exakt zu den Bedingungen
zustande gekommen, die de Gaulle schon bei seiner ersten Begegnung
mit Adenauer in Colombey-Ies-deux-Eglises im September 1958 genannt
hat: nach Abstim mung mit allen europaischen Nachbarn, unter
Verzicht auf die Gebiete jen seits von Oder und Neisse und
verbunden mit einem definitiven Verzicht des vereinten Deutschlands
auf den Besitz von ABC-Waffen. In der glei chen Novemberwoche 1990,
in der das Centenarium de Gaulles begangen wurde, konnte die
KSZE-Gipfelkonferenz in Paris das Ende der Nach kriegszeit
proklamieren. Die frappierende Ubereinstimmung von Vision und
Wirklichkeit ruft freilich auch Skepsis auf den Plan."
Befinden wir uns auf dem Weg zu einer europaischen Gesellschaft, in
der nationalstaatliche Verfasstheit, gemeinsame Traditionen und
gleichartige Pragungen durch die Herausforderungen der
Globalisierung produktiv zusammenwirken? Eine interdisziplinare
Forschergruppe geht dieser Frage systematisch nach. Dabei werden
Chancen fur das Gelingen einer europaischen Zivilisation ebenso
aufgezeigt wie die Gefahr, dass die Europaer in der Spannung
zwischen Globalisierung und Individualisierung ihre
Gestaltungsfahigkeit verlieren.
Vertiefung und Erweiterung charakterisieren die Europaische Union
zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts. Der vorliegende Band bietet
Analysen von Motiven und Initiativen europaischer Einigungspolitik,
die zu der gegenwartigen Situation gefuhrt haben, und zeigt
Entwicklungsperspektiven wesentlicher Politikbereiche der Union
auf.
Vertiefung und Erweiterung erscheinen als ein dialektischer
Prozess, der das Gemeinschaftsbewusstsein der Europaer
verstarkt.
"
Wie kann man den Prozess der europaischen Integration erklaren und
was folgt daraus fur seine weitere Entwicklung? Namhafte Vertreter
der Geschichtswissenschaft, der Wirtschaftswissenschaft, der
Politikwissenschaft, der Rechtswissenschaft und der Soziologie
erlautern, welche Beitrage ihre Disziplinen zur Erklarung des
europaischen Integrationsprozesses entwickelt haben und diskutieren
die Moeglichkeiten ihrer Verknupfung zu einer interdisziplinaren
Integrationstheorie. Die Antriebskrafte der europaischen
Integration kommen dabei ebenso in den Blick wie die
Entwicklungsdynamik der europaischen Institutionen, der Wandel von
Staatlichkeit in Europa und das Demokratieproblem in der
Europaischen Union. Konzepte und Ergebnisse der Disziplinen werden
zu einer gemeinsamen Integrationswissenschaft verbunden.
Internationale Geschichte ist eine Disziplin in der Erneuerung.
Uber die Beziehungen zwischen Staaten und Gesellschaften hinaus
treten zunehmend die innenpolitischen, gesellschaftlichen und
kulturellen Bedingungen von Aussenpolitik ins Blickfeld, ebenso die
aussenpolitischen Entscheidungsprozesse, die Geschichte des
internationalen Systems und seiner Wandlungen, transnationale
Bewegungen und Beziehungen und die wechselseitige Durchdringung von
Kulturen. International ausgewiesene Historiker bieten in diesem
Themenband eine Bilanz der Methodendiskussion zur
Geschichtsschreibung der internationalen Beziehungen und
erschliessen neue Dimensionen der Internationalen Geschichte. Aus
der Presse: "Dieser verdienstvolle Sammelband spiegelt wie kein
anderes deutschsprachiges Werk die Vielfalt und Vitalitat der
"Internationalen Geschichte." Die 18 Beitrage sind ein Beweis
dafur, dass die Geschichte der internationalen Beziehungen als
Kerndisziplin der Geschichtswissenschaft mindestens ebensoviel
innovatorische Kraft entfaltete wie das Lieblingskind der sechziger
und siebziger Jahre, die Sozialgeschichte, und das Lieblingskind
des gegenwartigen Zeitgesites, die Kulturgeschichte." Detlev Junker
in: FAZ vom 15.3.2001"
This book is a major new interpretation of the Cold War and how it shaped the course of history. It looks into why the Cold War did not become more heated, and how it was finally overcome. Loth examines the containment of the Cold War, détente, the development of cooperative security, and the changes in the Soviet bloc. He offers new information taken from Eastern and Western archives, and for the first time draws a precise picture of how the Cold War was overcome.
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