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This book offers a comprehensive review of the various options for
improving the performance of overhead power lines in winter
conditions, taking into account both mechanical and electrical
aspects. Experience within the CIGRE community reveals many
strategies to protect overhead power lines from damage caused by
heavy build-up of ice and snow or electrical issues such as
insulator icing flashovers. The initial approach is to consider the
predicted ice loads from the available databases. This is
supplemented with some fundamental aspects of icing physics that
affect accretion rate as well as factors in ice shedding on
traditional (metal, ceramic) and novel treated surfaces. These ice
physics concepts structure the ways to categorize and evaluate
methods to reduce or prevent icing on conductors and ground wires
or to prevent flashover of insulators. Many utilities in cold
climate regions have developed and used methods and strategies to
reduce ice loads using anti-icing (AI) and / or de-icing (DI)
methods. In general, AI methods are used before or early during ice
build-up, while DI methods are activated during and sometimes after
ice build-up. The book describes and discusses some
historical, operational, or potential AI / DI systems in the ice
physics context. This supports a comprehensive review of AI
coatings including concepts, relevant material properties,
application methods, and finally test methods for characterizing
the long-term performance.
This book offers a comprehensive review of the various options for
improving the performance of overhead power lines in winter
conditions, taking into account both mechanical and electrical
aspects. Experience within the CIGRE community reveals many
strategies to protect overhead power lines from damage caused by
heavy build-up of ice and snow or electrical issues such as
insulator icing flashovers. The initial approach is to consider the
predicted ice loads from the available databases. This is
supplemented with some fundamental aspects of icing physics that
affect accretion rate as well as factors in ice shedding on
traditional (metal, ceramic) and novel treated surfaces. These ice
physics concepts structure the ways to categorize and evaluate
methods to reduce or prevent icing on conductors and ground wires
or to prevent flashover of insulators. Many utilities in cold
climate regions have developed and used methods and strategies to
reduce ice loads using anti-icing (AI) and / or de-icing (DI)
methods. In general, AI methods are used before or early during ice
build-up, while DI methods are activated during and sometimes after
ice build-up. The book describes and discusses some historical,
operational, or potential AI / DI systems in the ice physics
context. This supports a comprehensive review of AI coatings
including concepts, relevant material properties, application
methods, and finally test methods for characterizing the long-term
performance.
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