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Table2. 2. Each note consists of three partials. If the sequence is
played ascending, then the ?rst virtual pitch tends to be
perceived, whereas if played descending, the second, lower virtual
pitch tends to be heard. Only one virtual pitch is audible at a
time. This can be heard in sound examples S: 6] and S: 7]. Note
First Second Third Virtual Pitch Virtual Pitch partial partial
partial ascending descending 1 600 800 1000 200. 0 158. 9 2 620 820
1020 205. 2 163. 0 3 640 840 1040 210. 4 167. 1 4 660 860 1060 215.
6 171. 2 5 680 880 1080 220. 9 175. 3 6 700 900 1100 226. 1 179. 4
7 720 920 1120 231. 3 183. 6 8 740 940 1140 236. 6 187. 7 9 760 960
1160 241. 8 191. 8 10 780 980 1180 247. 0 195. 9 11 800 1000 1200
252. 2 200. 0 Pitch and virtual pitch are properties of a single
sound. For instance, a chord played by the violin, viola, and cello
of a string quartet is not usually thoughtofashavingapitch;rather,
pitchisassociatedwitheachinstrumental tone separately. Thus,
determining the pitch or pitches of a complex sound source requires
that it ?rst be partitioned into separate perceptual entities. Only
when a cluster of partials fuse into a single sound can it be
assigned a pitch. When listening analytically, for instance, there
may be more "notes"
presentthaninthesamesoundwhenlisteningholistically.
The only things truly universal in music are those that are based
on biological and/or perceptual facts. Tuning Timbre Spectrum Scale
focuses on perceptions of consonance and dissonance, which are
defined in the Harvard Dictionary of Music: "Consonance is used to
describe the agreeable effect produced by certain intervals as
against the disagreeable effect produced others. Consonance and
dissonance are the very foundation of harmonic music... consonance
represents the element of smoothness and repose, while dissonance
represents the no less important elements of roughness and
irregularity.a Tuning Timbre Spectrum Scale begins by asking (and
answering) the question: How can we build a device to measure
consonance and dissonance? The remainder of the book describes the
impact of such a "dissonance metera on music theory, on synthesizer
design, on the construction of musical scales and tunings, on the
design of musical instruments, and introduces related compositional
techniques and new methods of musicological analyses. This new and
greatly revised edition of William Sethares' classic book includes
an attached CD-ROM that contains over three hours of sound examples
that demonstrate the ideas in action, as well as computer programs
that enable readers to conduct their own explorations. A new
chapter contains a detailed explanation of how the software works.
It incorporates several important simplifications over the full
presentation in the current Chapter 7 in order to allow it to
function in real time. Another new chapter describes the various
ways that the software can be used. New sections throughout the
book bring it up to date with the current state of the subject.
Tuning TimbreSpectrum Scale offers a unique analysis of the
relationship between the structure of sound and the structure of
scale and will be useful to musicians and composers who use
inharmonic tones and sounds. This includes a large percentage of
people composing and performing with modern musical synthesizers.
It will be of use to arrangers, musicologists, and others
interested in musical analysis. Tuning Timbre Spectrum Scale
provides a unique approach to working with environmental sounds,
and there are clear applications for the use of inharmonic sounds
in film scoring. The book will also be of interest to engineers and
others interested in the design of audio devices such as musical
synthesizers, special effects devices, and keyboards.
Have you ever wanted to know how modern digital communications
systems work? Find out with this step-by-step guide to building a
complete digital radio that includes every element of a typical,
real-world communication system. Chapter by chapter, you will
create a MATLAB realization of the various pieces of the system,
exploring the key ideas along the way, as well as analyzing and
assessing the performance of each component. Then, in the final
chapters, you will discover how all the parts fit together and
interact as you build the complete receiver. In addition to
coverage of crucial issues, such as timing, carrier recovery and
equalization, the text contains over 400 practical exercises,
providing invaluable preparation for industry, where wireless
communications and software radio are becoming increasingly
important. A variety of extra resources are also provided online,
including lecture slides and a solutions manual for instructors.
Have you ever wanted to know how modern digital communications
systems work? Find out with this step-by-step guide to building a
complete digital radio that includes every element of a typical,
real-world communication system. Chapter by chapter, you will
create a MATLAB realization of the various pieces of the system,
exploring the key ideas along the way, as well as analyzing and
assessing the performance of each component. Then, in the final
chapters, you will discover how all the parts fit together and
interact as you build the complete receiver. In addition to
coverage of crucial issues, such as timing, carrier recovery and
equalization, the text contains over 400 practical exercises,
providing invaluable preparation for industry, where wireless
communications and software radio are becoming increasingly
important. A variety of extra resources are also provided online,
including lecture slides and a solutions manual for instructors.
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