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Forestry and Forest Policy are key issues for the protection of
China's natural environment and for its continued economic
development. Originally published in 2003, the contributors to this
title review the successes of China's forest policies and the
growth of its forests over the past quarter-century and examine the
challenges facing China's forests and rural environment. China's
Forests: Global Lessons from Market Reforms is a valuable resource
for students interested in environmental studies, international
forest policy, and the modern development of China.
Forestry and Forest Policy are key issues for the protection of
China's natural environment and for its continued economic
development. Originally published in 2003, the contributors to this
title review the successes of China's forest policies and the
growth of its forests over the past quarter-century and examine the
challenges facing China's forests and rural environment. China's
Forests: Global Lessons from Market Reforms is a valuable resource
for students interested in environmental studies, international
forest policy, and the modern development of China.
First Published in 2011. This is the sixth volume in the Forests,
Lands, and Recreation set of ten volumes. This text is one of many
on the topic of timber supply, a perpetually central issue in
forest economics and policy. But it is also something else: It is
an attempt to examine the economic efficiency of investments in
timber production. Special attention is directed to the
increasingly important issue of investments in forestland,
particularly public forestland, where allocation of land between
timber production and other forest uses is an issue of national
policy importance.
This book traces the economic and biological pattern of forest
development from initial settlement and harvest activity at the
natural forest frontier to modern industrial forest plantations. It
builds from diagrams describing three discrete stages of forest
development, and then discusses the management and policy
implications associated with each, supporting its observations with
examples and data from six continents and from both developed and
developing countries. It shows that characteristic distinctions
between the three stages make forestry unusual in natural resource
management and that effective policy requires different, even
contrasting, decisions at each stage. William F. Hyde's
comprehensive discussion covers a wide range of issues, including
the impacts of both specific forest policies and broader
macroeconomic policies, the unique requirements of current issues
such as global warming, biodiversity and tourism, and the
complexities of the different forest products industries.
Concluding chapters review the roles of the newer institutional
landowners, of smaller private and farm landowners, and of public
agencies. This highly-original volume reaches far beyond forest
economics; it explains what forestry can do for regional
development and environmental conservation and what policies
designed for other sectors and the macro-economy can do for
forestry.
This book traces the economic and biological pattern of forest
development from initial settlement and harvest activity at the
natural forest frontier to modern industrial forest plantations. It
builds from diagrams describing three discrete stages of forest
development, and then discusses the management and policy
implications associated with each, supporting its observations with
examples and data from six continents and from both developed and
developing countries. It shows that characteristic distinctions
between the three stages make forestry unusual in natural resource
management and that effective policy requires different, even
contrasting, decisions at each stage. William F. Hyde's
comprehensive discussion covers a wide range of issues, including
the impacts of both specific forest policies and broader
macroeconomic policies, the unique requirements of current issues
such as global warming, biodiversity and tourism, and the
complexities of the different forest products industries.
Concluding chapters review the roles of the newer institutional
landowners, of smaller private and farm landowners, and of public
agencies. This highly-original volume reaches far beyond forest
economics; it explains what forestry can do for regional
development and environmental conservation and what policies
designed for other sectors and the macro-economy can do for
forestry.
As cities in developing countries grow and become more prosperous,
energy use shifts from fuelwood to fuels like charcoal, kerosene,
and coal, and, ultimately, to fuels such as liquid petroleum gas,
and electricity. Energy use is not usually considered as a social
issue. Yet, as this book demonstrates, the movement away from
traditional fuels has a strong socio-economic dimension, as poor
people are the last to attain the benefits of using modern energy.
The result is that health risks from the continued use of wood fuel
fall most heavily on the poor, and indoor pollution from wood
stoves has its greatest effect on women and children who cook and
spend much more of their time indoors. Barnes, Krutilla, and Hyde
provide the first worldwide assessment of the energy transition as
it occurs in urban households, drawing upon data collected by the
World Bank Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP).
From 1984-2000, the program conducted over 25,000 household energy
surveys in 45 cities spanning 12 countries and 3 continents.
Additionally, GIS mapping software was used to compile a biomass
database of vegetation patterns surrounding 34 cities. Using this
rich set of geographic, biological, and socioeconomic data, the
authors describe problems and policy options associated with each
stage in the energy transition. The authors show how the poorest
are most vulnerable to changes in energy markets and demonstrate
how the collection of biomass fuel contributes to deforestation.
Their book serves as an important contribution to development
studies, and as a guide for policymakers hoping to encourage
sustainable energy markets and an improved quality of life for
growing urban populations.
Economic development and forest use, with special emphasis on
understanding the components of forest degradation and exploitation
in developing countries, is the focus of this book. Contributors,
mostly from South or Southeast Asia, examine deforestation and
tenurial rights, linkages between migration, poverty, and resource
exploitation, technology diffusion among poor-subsistence
households, fuelwood and energy collection pressures on open-access
resources, government and public investments, and household models
of labor choice and its impact on resources. Emphasis is on
empirical investigation of these problems, though some conceptual
material related to resource exploitation, rent distributions, and
household economics is presented.
The book is the first to study household resource rent models
within a developing-country forestry context. The empirical models
are motivated by specifying and formally testing linkages between
labor, time, and other input decisions. The book also is the first
self-contained study using data from several countries to study a
common set of problems such as forest use pressure, the
relationship between forest exploitation, household allocation of
time, and rents, the adoption of technologies to mitigate
exploitation of forest resources, and the importance of population
pressure and spatial aspects of deforestation.
The book fills a niche by bringing rigorous economic theories and
hypothesis testing to social aspects of resource use. It will be of
interest to a range of professionals, from academic economists
working in forestry and development to resource policy
professionals at international development agencies, especially
those struggling with developing incentives to reduce forest
degradation.
William F. Hyde is Professor in the Department of Forestry,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Gregory S. Amacher is Associate
Professor in the Department of Forestry, Virginia Polytechnic
Institute.
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