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This book demonstrates that a pandemic of coronary heart disease
occurred in North America, western and northern Europe, and
Australia and New Zealand from the 1930s to about 2000. At its peak
it caused more deaths than any other disease. The book examines and
compares trends in coronary heart disease mortality rates for
individual countries. The most detailed analyses are for the United
States, where mortality rates are examined for race, sex, and age
groups and for geographic regions. Popular explanations for the
rise and fall of coronary heart disease mortality rates are
examined.
In this extensively researched history of medical schools, William
Rothstein, a leading historian of American medicine, traces the
formation of the medical school from its origin as a source of
medical lectures to its current status as a center of undergraduate
and graduate medical education, biomedical research, and
specialized patient care. Using a variety of historical and
sociological techniques, Rothstein accurately describes methods of
medical education from one generation of doctors to the next,
illustrating the changing career paths in medicine. At the same
time, this study considers medical schools within the context of
the state of medical practice, institutions of medical care, and
general higher education. The most complete and thorough general
history of medical education in the United States ever written,
this work focuses both on the historical development of medical
schools and their current status.
This book demonstrates that a pandemic of coronary heart disease
occurred in North America, western and northern Europe, and
Australia and New Zealand from the 1930s to about 2000. At its peak
it caused more deaths than any other disease. The book examines and
compares trends in coronary heart disease mortality rates for
individual countries. The most detailed analyses are for the United
States, where mortality rates are examined for race, sex, and age
groups and for geographic regions. Popular explanations for the
rise and fall of coronary heart disease mortality rates are
examined.
A look at how the concept of "risk factor" has influenced public
health and preventive medicine, with an emphasis upon the study of
heart disease. The greatest revolutions in twentieth-century public
health and preventive medicine have been the concepts of risk
factors and healthy lifestyles as methods of preventing disease. A
risk factor is anything that increases the riskof disease in an
individual. Lifestyle refers to the individual's personal behaviors
with regard to risk factors. Identifying risk factors and modifying
them by changing lifestyles in order to prevent disease has become
ubiquitousas a strategy in public health. The book examines the
history and evolution of the concepts of risk factors and healthy
lifestyles and their application to coronary heart disease, the
major chronic disease of the twentieth century. The first part
contains a history of the use of statistics in public health and
medicine, and the ways in which various industries developed the
concept of the risk factor. The second part describes the concept
of healthylifestyles, which was devised by municipal public health
departments and life insurance companies in the early part of the
century. The third and fourth parts examine how the concepts of
risk factors and lifestyles were applied tothe primary chronic
disease of the twentieth century -- coronary heart disease. The
focus of the book overall is on coronary heart disease as a public
health, rather than a medical, issue, and the various concepts that
have beenused in preventing it. William G. Rothstein is Professor
of Sociology at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
In American Physicians in the Nineteenth Century, William G.
Rothstein sombines sociological with historical analysis to explain
the devlopment of the medical profession in nineteenth-century
America. After describing how medicine first became a full-time
vocation early in the nineteenth century, Rothstein examines the
founding of medical schools and societies, regulatory efforts, and
the development of "heroic medicine" as the accepted form of
medical practice. But widespread public opposition to heroic
medicine soon led to the rise of rival sets such as the botanics,
who were popular among the rural population, and the homeopaths,
who appealed to the urban upper classes. Excluded from the regular
ranks of the medical profession, both sects organized their own
schools and professional societies. As Rothstein explains, it was
the advent of scientific medicine, with its breakthroughs in
surgery and other medical specialties, public health, and
bacteriology, that put an end to medical sectarianiam and
commercialism. The new laboratory science could at last prove-or
disprove-the theories and practices of the major sects.
Provides an introduction to the historical development and current
status of various health care topics. The book is organised in
sections: basic concepts; public health; health care professions;
health care organisations; mental illness; financing health care;
and medical education.
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