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Examines flawed usage of math in public affairs through actual
cases of how mathematical data and conclusions can be distorted and
misrepresented to influence public opinion. Highlights how slippery
numbers and questionable mathematical conlusions emerge and what
can be done to safeguard against them. This pragmatic book examines
flawed usage of math in public affairs through actual cases of how
mathematical data and conclusions can be distorted and
misrepresented to influence public opinion-highlighting how
slippery numbers and questionable mathematical conclusions emerge
and what can be done to safeguard against them. Gives specific
examples of governmental and private sector math manipulation.
Slippery Math in Public Affairs analyzes the cost of "slippery
math" in terms of squandered resources identifies common
misperceptions about the role of math in public affairs discusses
how math education can be reformed to sharpen public awareness of
"slippery math" offers exemplary self-study programs to improve
perspective on the use of math depicts the development of math
models and their use and misuse considers proper and improper
polling methods With nearly 200 references cited, this book will
benefit math teachers; educators; mathematicians; applied
statisticians; multivariate analysts; biomathematicians and medical
personnel; public administrators; political scientists; business
administrators; operations managers; urban and public affairs
officials; economists; demographers; sociologists; anthropologists;
public-policy makers; public affairs analysts and commentators;
journalists; and the general reader who seeks to avoid being
manipulated by math; and is essential reading for undergraduate and
graduate students in the aforementioned disciplines.
Based on the work and contributions of 46 scientists, managers, and
policymakers, Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic
Environment documents the state of the science and explores how to
use this information when assessing and managing the environmental
effects of Se. A focused discussion on the fate and effects of Se
in aquatic ecosystems, the book reviews: Past and current problems
related to Se in aquatic environments, together with lessons
learned, and provides a generalized conceptual model Environmental
partitioning, in particular Se speciation leading to its entry into
the food chain, and provides conceptual models specific to
environmental partitioning. Se bioaccumulation and trophic transfer
from the physical environment (i.e., water-column particulates),
and from primary producers to herbivores to carnivores, including
the influence of modifying ecological factors Toxic effects from
Se, in particular body burdens and their relationship to toxicity
Filled with practical guidance and concise information on how to
conduct selenium risk assessments in the aquatic environment, the
book contains the latest information on assessment techniques,
elucidates the current state of contamination in industrialized
countries, and raises awareness for developing nations. Written by
leading experts, it describes best practices for designing
experiments to collect information on aquatic effects and trophic
transfer of selenium for risk assessments, presents numerous case
studies both domestic and international, and gives insight as to
how current and future ecosystems may or may not be affected.
Current procedures used for hazard identification and
classification are based on persistence, bioaccumulation, and
toxicity measurements. Assessing the Hazard of Metals and Inorganic
Metal Substances in Aquatic and Terrestrial Systems provides the
basis for improvements to the current model for hazard assessment.
The book reviews the scientific underpinnings of the use of
persistence as applied to metals, including bioavailability, and
the use of bioaccumulation to evaluate aquatic species and
aquatic-linked food chains. It also examines toxicity procedures as
used within PBT approaches and measurements for metals in
terrestrial ecosystems. The book brings together a
multidisciplinary and international group of scientists, managers,
and policy makers from Australia, Belgium, Canada, Germany, the
Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States to discuss
various means for assessing the environmental hazard posed by
metals and inorganic metal substances. The contributors include
representatives from regulatory and nonregulatory government
agencies, academia, industry, environmental groups, and consulting
firms involved in assessment, management, and basic research of
metals and metal substances. They provide a focused discussion of
the fate and effects of metals in the environment, incorporating
important advances developed over the past decade.
Based on the work and contributions of 46 scientists, managers,
and policymakers, Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic
Environment documents the state of the science and explores how to
use this information when assessing and managing the environmental
effects of Se. A focused discussion on the fate and effects of Se
in aquatic ecosystems, the book reviews:
- Past and current problems related to Se in aquatic
environments, together with lessons learned, and provides a
generalized conceptual model
- Environmental partitioning, in particular Se speciation leading
to its entry into the food chain, and provides conceptual models
specific to environmental partitioning.
- Se bioaccumulation and trophic transfer from the physical
environment (i.e., water-column particulates), and from primary
producers to herbivores to carnivores, including the influence of
modifying ecological factors
- Toxic effects from Se, in particular body burdens and their
relationship to toxicity
Filled with practical guidance and concise information on how to
conduct selenium risk assessments in the aquatic environment, the
book contains the latest information on assessment techniques,
elucidates the current state of contamination in industrialized
countries, and raises awareness for developing nations. Written by
leading experts, it describes best practices for designing
experiments to collect information on aquatic effects and trophic
transfer of selenium for risk assessments, presents numerous case
studies both domestic and international, and gives insight as to
how current and future ecosystems may or may not be affected.
Current procedures used for hazard identification and
classification are based on persistence, bioaccumulation, and
toxicity measurements. Assessing the Hazard of Metals and Inorganic
Metal Substances in Aquatic and Terrestrial Systems provides the
basis for improvements to the current model for hazard assessment.
The book reviews the scientific underpinnings of the use of
persistence as applied to metals, including bioavailability, and
the use of bioaccumulation to evaluate aquatic species and
aquatic-linked food chains. It also examines toxicity procedures as
used within PBT approaches and measurements for metals in
terrestrial ecosystems. The book brings together a
multidisciplinary and international group of scientists, managers,
and policy makers from Australia, Belgium, Canada, Germany, the
Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States to discuss
various means for assessing the environmental hazard posed by
metals and inorganic metal substances. The contributors include
representatives from regulatory and nonregulatory government
agencies, academia, industry, environmental groups, and consulting
firms involved in assessment, management, and basic research of
metals and metal substances. They provide a focused discussion of
the fate and effects of metals in the environment, incorporating
important advances developed over the past decade.
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