As a follow up to Volume 7, contributors continue to explore the latest developments in developmental psychology. Here, researchers focus on the integration of theory and research and evaluates theoretical progress and advanced research. Continuing with the successful format of previous volumes in Annals of Theoretical Psychology, Volume 10 presents four major contributions-each accompanied by commentaries and replies to commentaries.

The present volume is a continuation of Volume 8 in the Annals series. Together Volumes 8 and 9 are intended to show the contribu- tion of history to theory in psychology. The reader is referred to the Introduction by Hans Rappard and Pieter van Strien, and the Preface in Volume 8 that serve as a prelude to the papers included in both volumes. Volume 8 includes three major papers: Psychological objects, practice, and history by Kurt Danziger, with commentaries by Mitchell Ash, Franz Samelson, and John Mills; History and the psychological imagination by Irmingard Staeuble, with commentar- ies by Carl Graumann and Roger Smith; and The historical practice of theory construction by Pieter 1. van Strien, with commentaries by Helmut Luck, Kenneth Gergen, and Ian Lubek. Similarly, the present volume includes three major papers and ten commentaries. In preparation of this volume and its companion, Volume 8, we gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Valerie Welch who entered the text, and Casey Boodt who proofread the text and prepared the indexes. Leendert P. Mos and William J. Baker June, 1993 vii Contents Chapter 1. History and system ...* ...* ...1 ...Hans V Rappard Psychology as its history . ..*...**...*. *...*. . 41 Daniel N. Robinson Theoretical psychology, systematology, and phenomenological variation...* ...47 . Eckart Scheerer Systematization and history...* * ...63 K. B. Madsen Towards the remarriage of theoretical psychology and psychology: Reply to commentators...67 Hans V Rappard Chapter 2.

As a follow up to Volume 7, contributors continue to explore the latest developments in developmental psychology. Here, researchers focus on the integration of theory and research and evaluates theoretical progress and advanced research. Continuing with the successful format of previous volumes in Annals of Theoretical Psychology, Volume 10 presents four major contributions-each accompanied by commentaries and replies to commentaries.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the third biennial conference of the International Society for Theoretical Psychology, held in Arnhem, the Netherlands, April 17-21, 1989. Fifty-six papers were presented during the four days of the conference, including an invited address by Professor A. D. de Groot, and seven papers composing two plenary sessions, four on the con tribution of history to theory, and three on theoretical alternatives for contem porary psychology. Of these, 46 papers are presented in the proceedings; all of which suffered editorial changes and, with the exception of the invited ad dress, were required to meet a 15 page restriction on length. The editors gratefully acknowledge John Mills, Leendert Mos, and Hank Starn for their invaluable editorial assistance. The papers included here are presented without discussants' commen taries. (Over 125 psychologists participated at the conference.) While the papers are representative of the scope of topics covered at the conference, the hours of formal and informal discussions must, unfortunately, be left to the reader's imagination. We encourage the reader to attend one of our next conferences, planned biennially, and alternately, in North America (1991) and Europe (1993)."

The spectacle of modern sport displays all the latest commercial and technological innovations, yet age-old religious concerns still thrive at the stadium. Coaches lead pre-game and post-game prayers, athletes give God the credit for home runs and touchdowns, and fans wave signs with biblical quotations and allusions. Like no other nation on earth, Americans eagerly blend their religion and sports. "Playing with God" traces this dynamic relationship from the Puritan condemnation of games as sinful in the seventeenth century to the near deification of athletic contests in our own day.

Early religious opposition to competitive sport focused on the immoderate enthusiasm of players and spectators, the betting on scores, and the preference for playing field over church on Sunday. Disapproval gradually gave way to acceptance when "wholesome recreation" for young men in crowded cities and soldiers in faraway fields became a national priority. Protestants led in the readjustment of attitudes toward sport; Catholics, Jews, Mormons, and Muslims followed. The Irish at Notre Dame, outstanding Jews in baseball, Black Muslims in the boxing ring, and born-again athletes at Liberty University represent the numerous negotiations and compromises producing the unique American mixture of religion and sport.

Np>"Billy Don't" is the story of a harsh and troubled life lived by a child in a 1930's boarding house in Oakland, California., /p>

Billy has been removed, by court order, from the loving protection of his father and grandmother, and placed with his older sister and younger brother in a boarding home run by Mrs. Blair, an over-religious zealot.

Billy struggles to find his grandmother's teachings of love and understanding in the Blair household, but is constantly thwarted by Mrs. Blair's preaching's that the Devil lives in him, and that God will send him to Hell. He turns his trust and friendship to Bax, a neighbor-boy, and together, they play out many happenings.

In the meantime, Billy continues with his efforts to isolate himself from Mrs. Blair, and to gain his independence.

Np>"Billy Don't" is the story of a harsh and troubled life lived by a child in a 1930's boarding house in Oakland, California., /p>

Billy has been removed, by court order, from the loving protection of his father and grandmother, and placed with his older sister and younger brother in a boarding home run by Mrs. Blair, an over-religious zealot.

Billy struggles to find his grandmother's teachings of love and understanding in the Blair household, but is constantly thwarted by Mrs. Blair's preaching's that the Devil lives in him, and that God will send him to Hell. He turns his trust and friendship to Bax, a neighbor-boy, and together, they play out many happenings.

In the meantime, Billy continues with his efforts to isolate himself from Mrs. Blair, and to gain his independence.

James Naismith was teaching physical education at the Young Men's Christian Association Training College in Springfield, Massachusetts, and felt discouraged because calisthenics and gymnastics didn't engage his students. What was needed was an indoor wintertime game that combined recreation and competition. One evening he worked out the fundamentals of a game that would quickly catch on. Two peach half-bushel baskets gave the name to the brand new sport in late 1891. Basketball: Its Origin and Development was written by the inventor himself, who was inspired purely by the joy of play. Naismith, born in northern Ontario in 1861, gave up the ministry to preach clean living through sport. He describes Duck on the Rock, a game from his Canadian childhood, the creative reasoning behind his basket game, the eventual refinement of rules and development of equipment, the spread of amateur and professional teams throughout the world, and the growth of women's basketball (at first banned to male spectators because the players wore bloomers). Naismith lived long enough to see basketball included in the Olympics in 1936. Three years later he died, after nearly forty years as head of the physical education department at the University of Kansas. This book, originally published in 1941, carries a new introduction by William J. Baker, a professor of history at the University of Maine, Orono.

Born the tenth child of a poor Southern sharecropper and barely able to read or write, Jesse Owens would nevertheless go on to win an unprecedented four gold medals at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, becoming an international superstar overnight and exploding Hitler's myth of Aryan supremacy in the process. William J. Baker's Jesse Owens is the most complete and probing biography of Owens ever written, vividly detailing the successes and failures of this complex and troubled but ultimately indomitable figure who transcended his own athleticism and became an American icon.

That Americans take to sports with a spiritual fervor is no secret. Athletics has even been called a civil religion for how it permeates our daily lives as we chase our own dreams of glory or watch others compete. Few would deny our national devotion to sports; however, many would gloss over it as all of a piece. To do that, as William J. Baker shows us, is to miss the fascinating variety of experiences at the intersection of sports and religion-and the rami cations of such on a national citizenry defined, as Baker writes, "by the team they cheer on Saturday and the church they attend on Sunday." With nods to modern and ancient history, Baker looks at the ever changing relationship between faith and sports through vignettes about devout athletes, coaches, and journalists. Of Gods and Games offers an accessible entree into some of the larger issues embedded in American culture's sports-religion connection. Baker first considers two Christian athletes who have engaged sports and religion on fundamentally different terms: Shelly Pennefather, one of the dominant women's basket- ball players of the late 1980s, who left the sport for life as a cloistered nun; and Heisman Trophy winner Tim Tebow, who has used his college and pro football careers as a platform for evangelising. In discussing basketball coach Dean Smith (University of North Carolina) and football coaches Steve Spurrier (University of South Carolina) and Bill McCartney (University of Colorado) Baker looks at how each strove to honor faith amid sometimes complicated personal lives and ever-crushing professional demands. Finally, Baker looks at how faith inspired such sportswriters as Grantland Rice, who sprinkled his stories with religious allusions, and Watson Spoelstra, who struck a deal with God at his daughter's deathbed (she recovered) and subsequently devoted his off-hours and retirement years to charity work.

This volume and its companion, to be published as Volume 9 in the Annals series, had their origin in a visit by the first editor to our Center in 1983, a year prior to our initiating publication of the Annals. Some three years later, Hans Rappard formally proposed to edit, together with the historian of psychology in the Netherlands, Pieter van Strien, an Annals volume devoted to history and theory. Rappard emphasized, however, that it was to be "not just a volume on the relation between history of psychology and theoretical psychology, but rather a volume on the relevance of history to theory, or psychology in general. In other words, how and what could 'doing history' contribute to (theoretical) problems that face contemporary psychology. " Another four years passed before commitments from the twenty-seven contributors were received. The plan was to publish a single volume devoted to history and theory, however, the length of six major papers, eighteen commentaries, and replies to commentaries, necessitated a decision to publish the manuscript in two volumes. It was not an easy decision especially as the contributors and editors had achieved an integrity of theme and content that is unusual for edited volumes. Moreover, in view of the manuscript's long past, we felt little inclination to extend its history.