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William S. Campbell provides a comprehensive commentary on Paul's
most challenging letter. In conversation with reception history and
previous scholarship, he emphasizes the contextuality of Romans as
a letter to Rome, using social identity theory combined with
historical, literary and theological perspectives to arrive at a
coherent reading of the entire letter. Because Paul has never
visited Rome and is not the founder of the Christ-movement there,
Campbell argues that his guidance and teaching are formulated more
cautiously than in his other letters. Yet the long list of people
who had previous links with him and his mission to the 'gentiles'
demonstrates that Paul is well-informed about the situation in Rome
and addresses issues that have arisen. With Christ the Messianic
Time is beginning, but there was some lack of clarity in Rome about
the implications of this for Jews and gentiles. Rather than ethne
in Christ replacing Israel, as some in Rome possibly concluded,
Campbell stresses that Paul affirms the irrevocable calling of
Israel, and that simultaneously the identity of ethne in Christ is
also called alongside the people Israel; thus, the integrity of the
identity of both is affirmed as indispensable for God's purpose now
revealed in Christ. Campbell fully demonstrates how Paul in Romans
achieves this by the social and theological intertwining of the
message of the gospel.
Noting that a traditional understanding of Paul as "convert" from
Judaism has fueled false and often dangerous stereotypes of
Judaism, and that the so-called "new perspective on Paul" has not
completely escaped these stereotypes, Frantisek Abel has gathered
leading international scholars to test the hypotheses of the more
recent "Paul within Judaism" movement. Though hardly monolithic in
their approach, these scholars' explorations of specific topics
concerning Second Temple Judaism and Paul's message and theology
allow a more contextually nuanced understanding of the apostle's
thought, one free from particular biases rooted in unacknowledged
ideologies and traditional interpretations transmitted by
particular church traditions. Contributors include Frantisek Abel,
Michael Bachmann, Daniel Boyarin, William S. Campbell, Kathy
Ehrensperger, Paula Fredriksen, Joerg Frey, Joshua Garroway,
Karl-Wilhelm Niebuhr, Isaac W. Oliver, Shayna Sheinfeld, and J.
Brian Tucker.
This book provides various perspectives of leading contemporary
scholars concerning Paul's message, particularly his expressed
expectation of the end-time redemption of Israel and its relation
to the Gentiles, the non-Jewish nations, in the context of Jewish
eschatological expectation. The contributors engage the
increasingly contentious enigmas relating to Paul's Jewishness: had
his perception of living in a new era in Christ and anticipating an
imminent final consummation moved him beyond the bounds of what his
contemporaries would have considered Judaism, or did Paul continue
to think and act "within Judaism"?
Core to Paul's gospel is the relationship between Israel and the
Nations in light of the coming of Christ. But historic
Christianity, in claiming to be a new Israel, and in not
recognising the purpose of God in Christ for Jews and the nations,
has ignored its Jewish roots, the scriptures of Israel, and the
Jewishness of Jesus and the apostles leaving a lacuna in its own
identity, which Campbell argues, can only be overcome by a
covenantal understanding of diversity in Christ. The denial of the
covenant leads to a negation of God's revelation to Israel, and
leaves Christianity with a deficient self-understanding. Although
covenant language is not prominent in Paul's letters it remains the
basis of his thought in differentiated ways concerning Israel and
the nations. The covenant remains God's covenant with Israel. But
through the covenant re-ratified in Christ, non-Jews although not
included in the covenant, participate through Christ in the
Abrahamic promises. Hence participation language is prevalent in
Paul's letters since these address non-Jews in Christ as
representatives of the nations. Rather than being 'indifferent to
difference', Paul's gospel is not anti-ethnic, but is focused on
the continuation of difference in Christ. God's purpose is designed
to relate to differing peoples, not in their becoming one and the
same, but in reciprocal blessing among those who remain different.
The corollary of this respect for difference is the call for
reconciliation as an essential part of following Christ, a
fundamental element in Paul's gospel. God created a diverse world
so that his people will find blessing in its rainbow diversity.
The legacy of Pauline scholarship, from ancient to modern, is
characterised by a surfeit of unsettled, conflicting conclusions
that often fail to interpret Paul in relation to his Jewish roots.
William S. Campbell takes a stand against this paradigm,
emphasising continuity between Judaism and the Christ-movement in
Paul's letters. Campbell focusses on important themes, such as
diversity, identity and reconciliation, as the basic components of
transformation in Christ. The stance from which Paul theologises is
one that recognises and underpins social and cultural diversity and
includes the correlating demand that because difference is integral
to the Christ-movement, the enmity associated with difference
cannot be tolerated. Thus, reconciliation emerges as a fundamental
value in the Christ-movement. Reconciliation, in this sense,
respects and does not negate the particularities of the identity of
Jews and those from the nations. In this paradigm, transformation
implies the re-evaluation of all things in Christ, whether of
Jewish or gentile origin.
Noting that a traditional understanding of Paul as “convertâ€
from Judaism has fueled false and often dangerous stereotypes of
Judaism, and that the so-called “new perspective on Paul†has
not completely escaped these stereotypes, FrantiÅ¡ek Ãbel has
gathered leading international scholars to test the hypotheses of
the more recent “Paul within Judaism†movement. Though hardly
monolithic in their approach, these scholars’ explorations of
specific topics concerning Second Temple Judaism and Paul’s
message and theology allow a contextually more nuanced
understanding of the apostle’s thought, one free from particular
biases rooted in unacknowledged ideologies and traditional
interpretations transmitted by particular church traditions.
Contributors include FrantiÅ¡ek Ãbel, Michael Bachmann, Daniel
Boyarin, William S. Campbell, Kathy Ehrensperger, Paula Fredriksen,
Jörg Frey, Joshua Garroway, Karl-Wilhelm Niebuhr, Isaac W. Oliver,
Shayna Sheinfeld, and J. Brian Tucker.
Paul is traditionally viewed as separating from the churches of
Peter and of Jewish Christ-followers to promote his own mission,
eventually triumphing in the creation of a church with a gentile
identity. In Paul and the Creation of Christian Identity, Campbell
argues that the Pauline mission represents only one strand of the
Christ-movement that should not be universalized to signify the
whole. In conjunction with his gentile mission, Paul acknowledges
Jewish identity as an abiding reality, rather than as a temporary,
weak form of faith in Christ. Paul's gentile mission was not a
reaction to his Jewish heritage, but a transformation based on his
vision of Christ: thus the identity of Christianity cannot be that
of a new religion.
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Romans: A Social Identity Commentary
William S Campbell; Edited by Kathy Ehrensperger, Philip Esler, Aaron Kuecker, J Brian Tucker, …
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These essays represent William Campbell's ongoing challenge over
the last two decades to a residual aspect of the paradigm of
Paulinism, namely that of interpreting Paul in antithesis to his
Jewish roots. Campbell has proposed a new approach to Paul focusing
on such themes as diversity, identity, and reconciliation as the
basic components of transformation in Christ. The stance from which
Paul theologizes is one that recognizes and underpins social and
cultural diversity and includes the correlative demand that since
difference is integral to the Christ-movement, the enmity
associated with difference cannot be tolerated. Thus reconciliation
emerges as a fundamental value in the Christ-movement. Such
reconciliation respects and does not negate the particularities of
the identity of Jews and those from the nations. This paradigm
transformation implies the reevaluation of all things in Christ,
whether of Jewish or Gentile origin. An underlying trajectory
permeates these essays. What unites them is the emphasis on
continuity between Judaism and the Christ-movement, particularly as
exemplified in Paul's letter to the Romans. Such continuity is
vitally important not only for understanding the past and present
of Christ-followers, but even more significantly for the
contemporary understanding of the identity of both Judaism and
Christianity. "Bill Campbell has led the challenge to traditional
approaches on a number of topics arising in Romans and throughout
the Pauline corpus. Anyone interested in Paul's Jewish roots,
diversity within the Christ movement, and the formation of identity
in the Pauline communities will be richly rewarded for making
Campbell a conversation partner. His style is clear and readable,
informed by the most recent research, and always
thought-provoking." --Mark D. Nanos, University of Kansas "With
particular attention to Paul's letter to the Romans, Campbell's
work is deeply informed by modern theorists and is methodologically
sophisticated. His explorations of the relationship between
theology and context often lead to original insights. This is one
of the best works available today on the nature of Paul's
theology." --Margaret Y. MacDonald, St. Francis Xavier University
"Rigorously insistent on reading Paul's letters in their historical
and rhetorical contexts, yet ever aware of the consequences for us
as we deal with issues of identity and diversity today, these are
important essays. They show a supple mind at work and present a
coherent and compelling understanding of the apostle. No reader of
Paul can afford to miss them." --Neil Elliott, author of The
Arrogance of Nations
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This
IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced
typographical errors, and jumbled words. This book may have
occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor
pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original
artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe
this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections,
have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing
commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We
appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the
preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
This sixth volume of the Romans through History and Culture series
consists of 14 contributions by North-American and European
medievalists and Pauline scholars who discuss significant readings
of Romans through the twelfth and thirteenth centuries to the eve
of the Reformation. The commentaries of Abelard, William of St.
Thierry, Thomas Aquinas, and Nicolas of Lyra, and the wider
influence of Romans as reflected in the letters of Heloise and the
works of Dante demonstrate the reception of Romans at this period.
Starting with an introduction inviting the reader to into the
biblical environment of the Middle Ages and suggesting the varied
ways in which Paul was understood in both high clerical culture and
among the people; it also offers a summary of the work done by each
of the authors. This volume attests the dominant role of scripture
in communal life and witnesses to the pervasive influence of Paul's
letter to the Romans in the flourishing discussions on Scripture
and theology.
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