Many contemporary surveillance practices take place in information infrastructures which are from the public domain. Although they have far reaching consequences for both citizens and their rights, they are not always subject to regulatory demands and oversight. This being said, democratic fora where citizens and institutions may question such practices cannot be mobilised without widespread awareness of the dangers and consequences of surveillance practices and who is responsible for them. Through an analysis of surveillance controversies across Europe, this book not only examines the troublesome relationship between surveillance and democracy; but also highlights the vested interests which maintain the status quo. Using a participatory theory lens, Surveillance and Democracy in Europe reveals the historical, social, political and legal antecedents of the current state of affairs. Arguing that participation is a sensitising concept which enables a wide array of surveillance practices and processes to be interrogated, this insightful volume will appeal to students and researchers interested in fields such as public administration and policy, political studies, organisational behaviour and surveillance and privacy.

Many contemporary surveillance practices take place in information infrastructures which are from the public domain. Although they have far reaching consequences for both citizens and their rights, they are not always subject to regulatory demands and oversight. This being said, democratic fora where citizens and institutions may question such practices cannot be mobilised without widespread awareness of the dangers and consequences of surveillance practices and who is responsible for them. Through an analysis of surveillance controversies across Europe, this book not only examines the troublesome relationship between surveillance and democracy; but also highlights the vested interests which maintain the status quo. Using a participatory theory lens, Surveillance and Democracy in Europe reveals the historical, social, political and legal antecedents of the current state of affairs. Arguing that participation is a sensitising concept which enables a wide array of surveillance practices and processes to be interrogated, this insightful volume will appeal to students and researchers interested in fields such as public administration and policy, political studies, organisational behaviour and surveillance and privacy.

Keeping pace with planning law is no easy matter. The mass of primary and secondary legislation in this field, allied to local and national policy and guidance, make this the most intensively regulated area of the law. This comprehensive practitioner's handbook covers the widest possible range of planning topics in a single volume and is written for planning practitioners in the private and public sectors. This book combines a readily accessible narrative with a substantial body of footnotes for those looking for more detail when it comes to case law and statutory materials. Planning Law: A Practitioner's Handbook provides answers for the busy planning professional to a whole range of problems which commonly arise in the day-to-day practice of planning practitioners. Its advantage lies in the fact that it is a single up-to-date reference book covering a broad range of topics which might otherwise only be found in a number of specialist texts. It also contains sections on village greens, assets of community value, public rights of way, and gypsies and travellers, all of which impact on the realisation of land for planning purposes. The inclusion of these topics will be of particular value to practitioners in the public sector looking for up-to-date guidance in these fields.

In a world that is shifting away from fossil fuels in response to the threat of climate change, the UK’s low carbon policies have seen renewable electricity capacity increase by more than three times since 2010. The future is clearly one of unremitting growth in electricity generation from wind and solar farms. Renewable Energy from Wind and Solar Power: Law and Regulation is concerned with the law and regulation of electricity generation in the case of the two most popular sources of energy derived from renewable resources. It covers up-to-date national policy and guidance relevant to electricity generation collected from renewable resources. There is also coverage of the powers of local planning authorities and of the Secretary of State, along with devolved powers in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, in dealing with onshore and offshore energy projects along with the impact of Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects under the 2008 Act. This book also covers consents under sections 36 (onshore and offshore wind generation) and 37 (overhead lines) of the Electricity Act 1989 and the grant of FEBA licences from the Marine and Fisheries Agency in the case of offshore consents. The availability of financial assistance for the generation and export of renewable energy to the grid is also dealt with, and there are several case studies examining a number of recent decisions of the courts, the Secretary of State, inspectors and reporters, involving wind and solar energy proposals. Renewable Energy from Wind and Solar Power: Law and Regulation will be an invaluable reference for lawyers, planning professionals and operators in the relevant sectors. It will also be of interest to others in showing how the industry is developing and of the regulatory processes involved in securing consents for the commercial development of energy from wind and solar power.

Written between 1920 and 1932, all five were first published in small editions, three of them in France. These are pivotal and seminal works, books in which a great writer was charting the course he later would follow, experimenting freely, boldly searching for a new kind of prose style to express "the power of the imagination to hold human beings to life and propel them onward." The prose-poem improvisations (Kora in Hell) . . . the interweaving of prose and poetry in alternating passages (Spring and All and The Descent of Winter) . . . an antinovel whose subject is the impossibility of writing "The Great American Novel" in America . . . automatic writing (A Novelette) . . . these are the challenges which Williams accepted and brilliantly met in his early work.