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In all of the major challenges facing the world currently, whether
it be climate change, terrorism and conflict, or urbanization and
demographic change, no progress is possible without the alleviation
of poverty. New approaches in development economics have in recent
years started from the premise that we cannot successfully deal
with poverty unless we also deal with vulnerability-but not only
vulnerability to income poverty but also vulnerability to various
others hazards-such as climate, conflict, macroeconomic shocks and
natural disasters. This book provide insights into new approaches
in conceptualising and measuring vulnerability. It includes
chapters dealing with advanced issues such as the compilation of
economic vulnerability indices (EVIs) on a macro-level, of
conceptualizing and measuring local vulnerability across regions in
a country, and of measuring the flip-side of vulnerability, namely
resilience. The book also explores the sensitivities of the various
measurements of vulnerability to vulnerability lines, poverty
lines, and permanent income, with consideration to some of the most
vulnerable groups in developing countries. Overall, the
contributions in the book consolidate new approaches as far as the
concept and measurement of vulnerability on different levels and
outcomes are concerned, and note directions for future research.
This book was published as a special issue of Oxford Development
Studies.
Small island developing states (SIDS) are characterised by high
economic, geographical and social vulnerability. These states are
perceived as economically vulnerable, exhibiting poor economic
performance, and embedding low levels of achieved well-being on
most criteria. SIDS, which occupy very large parts of the world,
face idiosyncratic development challenges largely owing to their
susceptibility to external shocks. Still, these countries are all
too often overlooked in the development research literature.
Arising from a UNU-WIDER research project, this book provides
in-depth research on the international dimensions of SIDS
development experiences. Using a wealth of data, as well as case
studies, the main topics examined comprise: aid, policies and
growth; the costs of neglect, in terms of losses owing to a country
falling into the fragile states group, of that country and those in
its region; the composition of trade and the impact of external
shocks, and the impact of remittances. The studies jointly provide
valuable insights for small islands and other developing countries
in the pursuit of sustainable growth and development. This book was
published as a special issue of the Journal of Development Studies.
Small island developing states (SIDS) are characterised by high
economic, geographical and social vulnerability. These states are
perceived as economically vulnerable, exhibiting poor economic
performance, and embedding low levels of achieved well-being on
most criteria. SIDS, which occupy very large parts of the world,
face idiosyncratic development challenges largely owing to their
susceptibility to external shocks. Still, these countries are all
too often overlooked in the development research literature.
Arising from a UNU-WIDER research project, this book provides
in-depth research on the international dimensions of SIDS
development experiences. Using a wealth of data, as well as case
studies, the main topics examined comprise: aid, policies and
growth; the costs of neglect, in terms of losses owing to a country
falling into the fragile states group, of that country and those in
its region; the composition of trade and the impact of external
shocks, and the impact of remittances. The studies jointly provide
valuable insights for small islands and other developing countries
in the pursuit of sustainable growth and development. This book was
published as a special issue of the Journal of Development Studies.
In all of the major challenges facing the world currently, whether
it be climate change, terrorism and conflict, or urbanization and
demographic change, no progress is possible without the alleviation
of poverty. New approaches in development economics have in recent
years started from the premise that we cannot successfully deal
with poverty unless we also deal with vulnerability-but not only
vulnerability to income poverty but also vulnerability to various
others hazards-such as climate, conflict, macroeconomic shocks and
natural disasters. This book provide insights into new approaches
in conceptualising and measuring vulnerability. It includes
chapters dealing with advanced issues such as the compilation of
economic vulnerability indices (EVIs) on a macro-level, of
conceptualizing and measuring local vulnerability across regions in
a country, and of measuring the flip-side of vulnerability, namely
resilience. The book also explores the sensitivities of the various
measurements of vulnerability to vulnerability lines, poverty
lines, and permanent income, with consideration to some of the most
vulnerable groups in developing countries. Overall, the
contributions in the book consolidate new approaches as far as the
concept and measurement of vulnerability on different levels and
outcomes are concerned, and note directions for future research.
This book was published as a special issue of Oxford Development
Studies.
This book tackles the challenges posed by accelerating
urbanization, and demystifies Social Sustainability, the least
understood of all the different areas of sustainable development.
The volume's twin focus on these profoundly intertwined topics
creates a nuanced and vitally important resource. Large migrations
from rural areas to cities without appropriate planning and
infrastructure improvements, including housing, education and
health care optimization, have created significant challenges
across the globe. The authors suggest technology-rich strategies to
meet these challenges by careful application of data on population
growth and movement to the planning, design, and construction of
operational infrastructures that can sustainably support our
increasingly rapid population growth.
This book tackles the challenges posed by accelerating
urbanization, and demystifies Social Sustainability, the least
understood of all the different areas of sustainable development.
The volume's twin focus on these profoundly intertwined topics
creates a nuanced and vitally important resource. Large migrations
from rural areas to cities without appropriate planning and
infrastructure improvements, including housing, education and
health care optimization, have created significant challenges
across the globe. The authors suggest technology-rich strategies to
meet these challenges by careful application of data on population
growth and movement to the planning, design, and construction of
operational infrastructures that can sustainably support our
increasingly rapid population growth.
Leading international scholars provide a timely reconsideration of
how and why entrepreneurship matters for economic development,
particularly in emerging and developing economies. The book
critically dissects the evolving relationship between entrepreneurs
and the state.
In this book, leading international scholars provide a timely
reconsideration of how and why entrepreneurship matters for
economic development, particularly in emerging and developing
economies. The book critically dissects the evolving relationship
between entrepreneurs and the state.
This book provides a unique and timely analysis of the role of
structural change in the economic development of Brazil, Russia,
India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) with a consideration for the
role of industry, and in particular manufacturing. The emergence of
BRICS reflects an ongoing change in the international economic
order. BRICS now account for very substantial part of global GDP,
global manufactured value added and global manufactured exports.
The book examines their economic experiences and structural change
in BRICS over the past three decades, identifying both differences
and commonalities, and deriving lessons for other industrializing
countries. Section I contains comparative studies focusing on the
commonalities and differences of the experiences of BRICS. Section
II includes six country studies providing a more detailed analysis
of the long-run experiences of each of the countries. Section III
consists of a set of seven thematic studies focusing on specific
topics such as global value chains, the role of transnational
corporations in the food chain, the role of foreign versus domestic
investment, the role of domestic versus foreign demand in economic
growth the diffusion of environmental energy technology and the
similarities, and the differences in industrial policies pursued in
the five countries. The book contains a summary chapter that
provides an integrated perspective of the various contributions
from the point of view of poverty reduction and development. It
asks, whether the patterns of structural change and industrial
development that BRICS experienced, had an impact on poverty
outcomes, and if so, what where the channels and the consequences?
Entrepreneurship and innovation are two of the most pervasive
concepts of our times, yet there are still gaps in our
understanding of the interactions between entrepreneurship and
innovation, particularly in developing countries. This book is an
attempt to fill this gap. It focuses on the
entrepreneurship-innovation-development nexus, drawing heavily on
empirical evidence from developing countries. Cross-country and
individual country experiences cover nations as diverse as
Ethiopia, India, Turkey, Vietnam, and also examine lessons from
advanced economies such as Finland.
Three sets of questions are addressed. What is the impact of
entrepreneurship and innovation on growth and development? What
determines the innovative performance of entrepreneurs in
developing countries? What role does the institutional environment
play in shaping the extent and impact of innovative activities?
A key message is that entrepreneurial innovation, whether through
small firms, large national firms, or multinational firms, is often
vibrant in developing countries, but does not always realise its
full potential. This is due to institutional constraints, the
absence of the appropriate mix of different types of small and
large and domestic and foreign firms, and insufficiently developed
firm capabilities. The contributions provide a better understanding
of the determinants and impacts of innovation in developing
countries and the policies and institutions that support or hinder
innovation.
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