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This book contains the proceedings of a workshop held at the
Institute Laue-Langevin in Grenoble in September 1988. Review
articles and contributed papers survey recent theoretical and
experimental developments on disordered materials and in particular
on glasses. A large part of the book concerns the recently proposed
mode-coupling approach to the behaviour of a viscous liquid around
its glass transition, where the relevant dynamics extend over a
broad range in time scales and the application of quite different
experimental techniques becomes essential. Contributions report on
experiments using dielectric relaxation, NMR or light scattering
techniques, and especially neutron scattering techniques. One
signature of disordered materials is the occurrence of an excess
vibrational density of states at low frequencies. Some situations
are presented where the density of states can be understood by
taking into account the peculiarities of intra- and intermolecular
motions. Another approach to the dynamics of disordered materials
is the fracton picture, developed to describe the excitations of
fractal objects. Several contributions discuss the dynamics of such
fractals, studying mainly the vibrational density of states, and
some discuss the application of the fracton concept to materials
without a fractal structure like glasses.
The Institut Max-von-Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble regularly
organ ises workshops that deal with the various applications of
neutrons in physics, chemistry, biology and also in nuclear
physics. The workshop" Atomic Trans port and Defects in Metals by
Neutron Scattering," jointly organised by the Institut
Laue-Langevin and the Institut fiir Festkorperforschung of the KFA
Jiilich, was held in October 1985 in Jiilich. The study of problems
in metal physics and in physical metallurgy is a traditional field
of neutron scattering. The most commonly used methods are diffuse
elastic, small-angle and inelastic scattering of neutrons. A number
of problems can be identified where neutrons yield information that
is supple mentary to that from other methods such as x-ray
diffraction, synchrotron radiation or electron microscopy. In
certain fields, for example spectroscopy for the investigation of
atomic motions or for the investigation of magnetic properties,
neutron scattering is a unique method. The facilities at the High
Flux Reactor of the ILL, and also at the Jiilich and at other
medium flux research reactors, have contributed numerous re sults
in these fields. It was the aim of this workshop to give a survey
of the present state of neutron scattering in metal physics."
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