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The French battleship, Jean Bart, together with its twin Richelieu,
was among the largest and most modern ships of this class that
served in the Marine Nationale. Their construction was based on the
experience gained during the construction of Dunkerque battleships
face=Calibri>– smaller and less armed units – but quite
modern for their times. A characteristic feature of the
aforementioned ships, including the Jean Bart, was the unusual
layout of the main artillery concentrated in two four-barrel
turrets located in the fore part, while medium calibre artillery
was located in the stern. This, in combination with the massive
body of the command tower and the chimney 'hidden' in the rest of
the superstructures, created an astonishing silhouette of a
beautiful and very dangerous ship. Jean Bart was built at the
Ateliers et Chantiers de Saint-Nazarie (Penhoët) shipyard in
Saint-Nazarie. The keel was laid on December 12, 1936. The ship was
launched on March 6, 1940.
The British Airship Carrier HMS Furious is one of the most unusual
units of the Second World War. The ship was designed during the
previous conflict as a „great light cruiser” with 457mm guns,
but far-reaching changes were made during construction. Furious
entered service in June 1917 as aircraft cruiser with a large
aircraft deck in the bow and a single turret with a gun of the
mentioned caliber in the stern. Thus, Furious made history as one
of the precursors of British on-board aviation, becoming a floating
platform for various types of trials and tests with airplanes. It
quickly turned out that aircraft deck took up the entire bow part
and is insufficient to meet the needs of the day-to-day expanding
on-board aviation. Therefore, after carrying out only a few patrols
on the waters of the North Sea, the ship was returned to the
shipyard in the same year, where it underwent further
reconstruction. This time, the aft tower and mast were removed and
in their place was built another hangar with an aircraft deck,
which was connected to the bow with special platforms running on
the sides of the preserved superstructures. Since then, Furious was
already a powerful aircraft, unfortunately not very successful
considering the superstructure with a chimney that occupies the
entire amidships, which apart from obviously taking up space,
caused air turbulences induced by the huge dimensions and warm
exhaust gases coming from the chimney. However, this did not
prevent Furious from becoming the hero of the historical event,
which was on-board aviation first strike on land targets, which
took place on July 19, 1918. The target of the attack was the
German Zeppelin base in Tondern, and it was carried out using
Sopwith Camel planes taking off from the deck of Furious.
This book is a compilation in which we will find in one place (two
volumes) the stories of all the German cruisers that were in
Kriegsmarine service. Author describes their history in the order
in which they entered the service, devoting much attention to their
construction, precisely describing the differences among others.
Going back to the history of the service, trying not to forget
about the many curiosities in this policy and people who have a
direct influence on their fate. Many excellent quality photographs
primarily from private collections. All the ships are described and
illustrated with full technical specifications. Profusely
illustrated with scale drawings and color illustrations. Cruisers
describes in vol. 1: Nurnberg Admiral Hipper Blucher Prinz Eugen
Lutzow/Seydlitz
The French aircraft carrier "Clemenceau" is one of the largest and
most powerful ships that served the Marine Nationale. Her keel was
laid in November 1955 at the Brest Arsenal Ch. Atlantique in St.
Nazaire, and she was launched two years later - on December 21st,
1957. Together with the twin "Foch", it was built on the basis of a
project developed from the beginning of the 1950s, which included
almost all of then novelties that were introduced in the
construction of this type of ships. Therefore, she received, among
others: a sloped flight deck with two lifts, mirror systems
facilitating the approach to landing, means of observation enabling
early detection of surface units and means of air attack, and
modern catapults adapted to work with jet aircrafts with a large
take-off mass. The length of the flight deck was 257 meters, the
main runway was 165.5 meters long and 29.5 meters wide, with a
deviation from the centre of the ship by 8 degrees. The hangar
below it was 180 meters long and 22 meters wide. In more than forty
years of service, which began on November 22, 1961, the
"Clemenceau" performed countless tasks in both European and Pacific
waters. She supported the activities of the land forces, incl. in
former French colonies and during nuclear tests. Together with
"Foch", she formed one of the strongest task force in the
Mediterranean region and the waters of Western Europe.
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