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This book reports the findings of two field studies conducted between 1993 and 2001 in seven townships and six provinces in China. The authors describe the process of rural urbanization and its related economic, social, and political changes by focusing mainly on the zhen (town), in addition to administrative offices and companies involved in the local economy, and village committees. The authors show that the social changes resulting from China's economic reforms are occurring mainly from below, and that this process is also resulting in a weakening of the economic and political dominance of the central government. Other changes discussed in this study include the development of new ownership structures and the increasing dominance of the private sector; a shift in the functions of administrative offices as the bureaucracy becomes increasingly business oriented; the rise of a new local elite; a rebirth of traditional social structures (clans, local associations); and the emergence of new interest groups and institutions to represent their needs.
Seit Ende der 70er Jahre findet ein tiefgreifender Umbruch der
chinesischen Gesellschaft statt. Wahrend dieser Umbruch auf der
makropolitischen und -okonomischen Ebenen relativ gut dokumentiert
wurde, gibt es nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Zahl von
Untersuchungen auf der lokalen Ebene. Gerade im landlichen Raum, in
dem die Mehrheit der Bevolkerung lebt und wo die Traditionen noch
am starksten zu wirken scheinen, findet ein rasanter
Veranderungsprozess statt, der nicht nur wirtschaftliche, sondern
auch soziale und politische Implikationen mit sich bringt.
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