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Water scarcity due to climate change, population growth, and
economic development is a critical issue in many semi-arid and arid
regions around the world. Water scarcity is especially critical in
regions where water is shared by several riparian states and used
for competing purposes (irrigation, domestic, industry,
environment, and hydropower). There is evidence that water scarcity
may give rise to conflicts among the riparian states that share
water basins. At the same time, there is evidence that proper
arrangements among riparian states create a basis for cooperation,
which is a necessary condition for economic development, food
production, environmental sustainability, and poverty reduction.
This book presents a collection of work presented by a group of
academics and policy experts dealing with the impact of water
scarcity and variability on the ability to jointly manage shared
water and the derived welfare of international states and nations
sharing international river basins, consisting of economics,
technology, law and institutions, geography, and international
relations.The book covers theoretical aspects of management of
transboundary water as well as case studies from hotspots around
the world. The unique aspect of this book is the multidisciplinary
nature of the chapters, reflecting a new field of research that
will gain popularity as water scarcity will increase over time and
across regions.The chapters from the book were presented at the
'Management of Transboundary Water Resources under Scarcity:
Perspectives on Agriculture and Food Security' workshop held at The
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, from June 22 to 23, 2015.
Centralized, top-down management of water resources through
regulations has created unnecessary economic burdens upon users.
More flexible decentralized controls through the use of economic
incentives have gained acceptance over the past decade. The theme
of this book is the increasing efforts throughout water-scarce
regions to rely upon economic incentives and decentralized
mechanisms for efficient water management and allocation. The book
begins with a section of introductory chapters describing water
systems, institutions, constraints, and similarities in the
following regions: Israel and the Middle East, Turkey, California,
Florida, and Australia. Four of these regions face similar climates
with wet winters and dry summers. Florida has a more even seasonal
distribution of rainfall, yet it uses similar management strategies
in controlling groundwater demand and water quality. The book
concludes with a section on water management case studies. These
case studies examine issues of conflict related to both water
quality and water quantity. While the case studies address both
international and intranational concerns in specific regions of the
world, they portray broad principles that are applicable to many
regions.
Centralized, top-down management of water resources through
regulations has created unnecessary economic burdens upon users.
More flexible decentralized controls through the use of economic
incentives have gained acceptance over the past decade. The theme
of this book is the increasing efforts throughout water-scarce
regions to rely upon economic incentives and decentralized
mechanisms for efficient water management and allocation. The book
begins with a section of introductory chapters describing water
systems, institutions, constraints, and similarities in the
following regions: Israel and the Middle East, Turkey, California,
Florida, and Australia. Four of these regions face similar climates
with wet winters and dry summers. Florida has a more even seasonal
distribution of rainfall, yet it uses similar management strategies
in controlling groundwater demand and water quality. The book
concludes with a section on water management case studies. These
case studies examine issues of conflict related to both water
quality and water quantity. While the case studies address both
international and intranational concerns in specific regions of the
world, they portray broad principles that are applicable to many
regions.
Population growth and rising living standards, on the one hand, and
changing climate, on the other hand, have exacerbated water
scarcity worldwide. To address this problem, policymakers need to
take a wide view of the water economy - a complex structure
involving environmental, social, economic, legal, and institutional
aspects. A coherent water policy must look at the water economy as
a whole and apply a comprehensive approach to policy interventions.
Written by two of the world's leading scholars on economics of
water, this is the first graduate-level textbook on the topic. The
book discusses water resource management within a comprehensive
framework that integrates the different, yet highly entwined,
elements of a water economy. It follows the steps needed to develop
a well-designed set of policies based on detailed analyses of
intervention measures, using multi-sectoral and economy-wide
examples from a variety of locations and situations around the
world.
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