This book mainly reads the three works of early Baudrillard, and challenges the current research findings on his philosophical journey. Zhang Yibing also reads Baudrillard's other works to fully situate him theoretically. He asserts that Baudrillard's texts cannot be classified as postmodernist or neo-Marxist in any period. Zhang belongs to the third generation of Marxist philosophers in China and is renowned for his textological researches, having developed a unique reading methodology. Since the end of 1960s, Baudrillard wrote three important works: For a Critique of Political Economy of the Sign, The Mirror of Production and Symbolic Exchange and Death, which furiously attacked Marx, aiming to refute historical materialism and deconstruct Marx's theory of labour value. The Mirror of Production in particular was intended to demolish the logic of Marxist theories from within, by deconstructing and disordering them. This was ignored by many Marxist researchers. What was real thinking behind, and historical context of, the shift in his critique, and how was symbolic exchange combined with death? The author with his sharp insight shows that the Early Baudrillard's thought is trapped in the logic of symbolic exchange, based on the grassroots' romanticism (radicalism) of Mauss-Bataille. He then keenly follows the secret of Baudrillard's transformation process in his critical logic, his passage from the dissolution of the ideographic material to the symbolic value of coding structure, then to quasi-real existence without a model, until finally his symbolic miscoding of death becomes a hopeless waiting for Baudrillard's tentative salvation of the world. This is indeed a death trilogy, which occurs in Baudrillard's academic scenery and in which the real existence is murdered. The thinking of late Baudrillard is a discourse like virus and paranoia. This kind of logical violence of theoretical terrorism has become an absurd modern academic caricature of excessive rational interpretation. In this book the reader will also find Zhang's innovative interpretation and updating of Marx's historical materialism.

This original textological analysis work reads the epoch making texts of outstanding Marxist philosopher, Althusser's For Marx (1965), Reading Capital (1965), Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays (1971) which includes, Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses and the author delves into other texts of him to support the analysis. Althusser, again and again becomes a major topic of discussion. Behind him stood two others: the young, morbid Catholic one and the older, gloomy Pre-Modernity classical materialist one. Putting it more precisely, these existential figures are factual images that Althusser had, in the past, intentionally concealed. This leads to an interpretative dramatization and an inexplicable mystery. A formerly dazzling yet fictive sage and a multi-faceted yet intentionally-concealed person both present themselves in the research realm. Traditional academic circles were thrown into disorder and discomfiture when the accepted, singular conception of a scientific, Marxist Althusser's original consistent image is destroyed, leaving only a mist that gradually dissipates. As Lacan put it, with the shedding of its coverings, the original vacancy further revealed itself. This is another victory of "the Other." Nanjing's keen researcher Zhang Yibing, whom we know from his three other successful textological readings, discovers Marxist Althusser shifting to an Althusser with four distinct facets. Zhang argues, the precondition of exploring this mystery is to demonstrate Althusser's complex, painful and obscure life and the mystery of his paradoxical thoughts. Contemporary researchers only make a distinction between the four different Althussers, but they fail to find integrated research logic. According to my understanding, there still exists continuity between the four Althussers. This is an anti-teleological viewpoint of non-subject and pseudo-subject that takes the absence of individual subject as the core.