This monograph gives a comprehensive description of the relationship and connections between kinetic theory and fluid dynamics, mainly for a time-independent problem in a general domain. Ambiguities in this relationship are clarified, and the incompleteness of classical fluid dynamics in describing the behavior of a gas in the continuum limita "recently reported as the ghost effecta "is also discussed. The approach used in this work engages an audience of theoretical physicists, applied mathematicians, and engineers.

By a systematic asymptotic analysis, fluid-dynamic-type equations and their associated boundary conditions that take into account the weak effect of gas rarefaction are derived from the Boltzmann system. Comprehensive information on the Knudsen-layer correction is also obtained. Equations and their boundary conditions are carefully classified depending on the physical context of problems. Applications are presented to various physically interesting phenomena, including flows induced by temperature fields, evaporation and condensation problems, examples of the ghost effect, and bifurcation of flows.

Key features:

* many applications and physical models of practical interest

* experimental works such as the Knudsen compressor are examined to supplement theory

* engineers will not be overwhelmed by sophisticated mathematical techniques

* mathematicians will benefit from clarity of definitions and precise physical descriptions given in mathematical terms

* appendices collect key derivations and formulas, important to the practitioner, but not easily found in the literature

Kinetic Theory and Fluid Dynamics serves as a bridge for those working indifferent communities where kinetic theory or fluid dynamics is important: graduate students, researchers and practitioners in theoretical physics, applied mathematics, and various branches of engineering. The work can be used in graduate-level courses in fluid dynamics, gas dynamics, and kinetic theory; some parts of the text can be used in advanced undergraduate courses.

This self-contained book is an up-to-date description of the basic theory of molecular gas dynamics and its various applications. The book, unique in the literature, presents working knowledge, theory, techniques, and typical phenomena in rarefied gases for theoretical development and application. Basic theory is developed in a systematic way and presented in a form easily applied for practical use. In this work, the ghost effect and non-Navier Stokes effects are demonstrated for typical examples B nard and Taylor Couette problems in the context of a new framework. A new type of ghost effect is also discussed.

This monograph is intended to provide a comprehensive description of the rela tion between kinetic theory and fluid dynamics for a time-independent behavior of a gas in a general domain. A gas in a steady (or time-independent) state in a general domain is considered, and its asymptotic behavior for small Knudsen numbers is studied on the basis of kinetic theory. Fluid-dynamic-type equations and their associated boundary conditions, together with their Knudsen-layer corrections, describing the asymptotic behavior of the gas for small Knudsen numbers are presented. In addition, various interesting physical phenomena derived from the asymptotic theory are explained. The background of the asymptotic studies is explained in Chapter 1, accord ing to which the fluid-dynamic-type equations that describe the behavior of a gas in the continuum limit are to be studied carefully. Their detailed studies depending on physical situations are treated in the following chapters. What is striking is that the classical gas dynamic system is incomplete to describe the behavior of a gas in the continuum limit (or in the limit that the mean free path of the gas molecules vanishes). Thanks to the asymptotic theory, problems for a slightly rarefied gas can be treated with the same ease as the corresponding classical fluid-dynamic problems. In a rarefied gas, a temperature field is di rectly related to a gas flow, and there are various interesting phenomena which cannot be found in a gas in the continuum limit.