Based on research projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Optimization of Regional Industrial Structures and Applications provides an authoritative introduction to and survey of the cutting-edge research and applications in industrial structure optimization. Employing grey systems theory as its method of analysis, it integrates grey systems theory with industrial structure optimization theory to provide dynamic and efficient methods of measurement, analysis, and decision making. The authors cover several models of grey regional industrial structure, including grey correlation priority analysis, industrial structure order degree measurement model, regional leading industries grey assessment model and turnpike model. The first part of the book clarifies basic theory. This section covers the production and development of industrial structure theory, evolution laws of industrial structure, rationalization and upgrading of industrial structures, factors of industrial structure upgrading, input-output analysis, and mathematical modeling of regional industrial structures. The second section introduces four case studies that illustrate real-world research and applications. It considers the approaches and measures taken in China's industrial structure upgrade during the "eleventh five-year plan". The case studies examine measures of and strategies for Jiangsu province's industrial structural adjustment. This section also presents the optimization and promotion study of the "eleventh five" industrial structure of another city in China. The models detailed in this book not only develop application fields of grey systems theory, but also enrich the theories of industrial structure optimization. All of the methods presented in the text are reviewed in the case studies to supply readers with a vivid and practical understanding.