Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells hold great promise as a potential alternative to conventional fossil-fuel-powered energy sources. However, they produce waste heat, and the water used in their system must be carefully controlled and monitored. This monograph in Momentum Press's 'Sustainable Energy Series' offers the most up-to-date research on advanced methods for managing both waste heat and monitoring water flows and water concentration in PEM fuel cells. The most workable solutions to these problems and the challenges that still lie ahead are emphasized. The reader will find: A review of multi-component mass transport phenomena, particularly as they apply to gas flow and hydrogen and air flow Coverage of multi-phase flow and heat transfer characteristics of PEM fuel cells Unique coverage of solid water phase behavior of PEM fuel cells and subfreezing temperature operation

Intrusion detection and protection is a key component in the framework of the computer and network security area. Although various classification algorithms and approaches have been developed and proposed over the last decade, the statistically-based method remains the most common approach to anomaly intrusion detection.""Statistical Techniques for Network Security: Modern Statistically-Based Intrusion Detection and Protection"" bridges between applied statistical modeling techniques and network security to provide statistical modeling and simulating approaches to address the needs for intrusion detection and protection. Covering in-depth topics such as network traffic data, anomaly intrusion detection, and prediction events, this authoritative source collects must-read research for network administrators, information and network security professionals, statistics and computer science learners, and researchers in related fields.

A systematic, carefully authored review of our current observational and theoretical knowledge of dark energy. Providing a brief and concise overview, the book covers theory and experiment in equal detail, directly linking the two. A final section also looks at future developments.
Indispensable for researchers entering this rapidly evolving field.

Water and Thermal Management of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells introduces the main research methods and latest advances in the water and thermal management of PEMFCs. The book introduces the transport mechanism of each component, including modeling methods at different scales, along with practical exercises. Topics include PEMFC fundamentals, working principles and transport mechanisms, characterization tests and diagnostic analysis, the simulation of multiphase transport and electrode kinetics, cell-scale modeling, stack-scale modeling, and system-scale modeling. This volume offers a practical handbook for researchers, students and engineers in the fields of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are high-efficiency and low-emission electrochemical energy conversion devices. Inside the PEMFC complex, physical and chemical processes take place, such as electrochemical reaction, multiphase flow and heat transfer. This book explores these topics, and more.

Fuel Cells for Transportation: Fundamental Principles and Applications is the first comprehensive reference on the application of fuel cells for light- and heavy-duty transportation. Addressing the subject from both a materials and engineering perspective, the book examines integration, modeling, and optimization of fuel cells from fundamentals to the latest advances. Chapters address every aspect of fuel cell systems for transport applications, including performance optimization, stack characterization, low-cost materials and catalysts, design of bipolar plates and flow fields, water and thermal management, durability under automotive driving cycles, cold start, state of the art characterization, optimization of various components, and more. Each chapter reviews the fundamental principles of the topic before going on to examine the latest developments alongside current applications and real-world case studies. This is an essential reference for graduate students and researchers working on fuel cells for transport applications, as well as professional engineers involved in the application of fuel cells and clean energy and working in any sector of the transportation industry.

The Book of Mirrors is a silver portal opening to the hidden garden of a fragrant universe.The Book of Mirrors by Yun Wang takes the reader on a journey of enlightenment through unexpected discoveries and heartbreaks. This adventure spans different realms: the ancient and the present, the physical and the metaphysical, poetry and science. It is an insistent search for truth, goodness, and beauty, within the scope of the infinite universe.

Current literature on institutionalism tends to promise that as the vigor and intensity of formal institutions increase, conflicting transnational relations will decrease. However, security hot spots like Taiwan Strait show that even though the rivals are notably integrated and institutionalized, political conflicts have not eased. Nevertheless, war is absent for half a century. A possible answer to this dilemma is recognizing that there is a tacit, informal, and fragile framework of international norms that works beyond "cheap talks." Tacit norms are essential for building political confidence before those who disagree can found a negotiation upon them. To identify this unspoken norm-building process, this book provides a dual- level analytical approach through ideational perspectives. This new approach highlights the critical effects of cognitive factors such as identity, ideology, and their local host, political groups in the institutionalization process. The book offers a fresh comparative view of security studies and it endeavors to inspire new ways of thinking about conflict resolution and peacemaking policies.