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American and European political scientists have claimed that
subnational elections almost always record lower voter turnout than
national elections. In Japan, however, municipal elections often
record considerably higher turnout than national elections,
particularly in small towns and villages. Institutions, Incentives
and Electoral Participation in Japan theoretically and empirically
explores this puzzling 'turnout twist' phenomenon from comparative
perspectives. Based on the rational-choice approach, the book
hypothesizes that relative voter turnout in subnational vs.
national elections is determined by the relative magnitudes of how
much is at stake ('election significance') and how much votes count
('vote significance') in these elections.
American and European political scientists have claimed that
subnational elections almost always record lower voter turnout than
national elections. In Japan, however, municipal elections often
record considerably higher turnout than national elections,
particularly in small towns and villages. Institutions, Incentives
and Electoral Participation in Japan theoretically and empirically
explores this puzzling 'turnout twist' phenomenon from comparative
perspectives. Based on the rational-choice approach, the book
hypothesizes that relative voter turnout in subnational vs.
national elections is determined by the relative magnitudes of how
much is at stake ('election significance') and how much votes count
('vote significance') in these elections.
Media, politicians, and the courts portray college campuses as
divided over diversity and affirmative action. But what do students
and faculty really think? This book uses a novel technique to
elicit honest opinions from students and faculty and measure
preferences for diversity in undergraduate admissions and faculty
recruitment at seven major universities, breaking out attitudes by
participants' race, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status, and
political partisanship. Scholarly excellence is a top priority
everywhere, but the authors show that when students consider
individual candidates, they favor members of all traditionally
underrepresented groups - by race, ethnicity, gender, and
socio-economic background. Moreover, there is little evidence of
polarization in the attitudes of different student groups. The book
reveals that campus communities are less deeply divided than they
are often portrayed to be; although affirmative action remains
controversial in the abstract, there is broad support for
prioritizing diversity in practice.
Media, politicians, and the courts portray college campuses as
divided over diversity and affirmative action. But what do students
and faculty really think? This book uses a novel technique to
elicit honest opinions from students and faculty and measure
preferences for diversity in undergraduate admissions and faculty
recruitment at seven major universities, breaking out attitudes by
participants' race, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status, and
political partisanship. Scholarly excellence is a top priority
everywhere, but the authors show that when students consider
individual candidates, they favor members of all traditionally
underrepresented groups - by race, ethnicity, gender, and
socio-economic background. Moreover, there is little evidence of
polarization in the attitudes of different student groups. The book
reveals that campus communities are less deeply divided than they
are often portrayed to be; although affirmative action remains
controversial in the abstract, there is broad support for
prioritizing diversity in practice.
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