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The book discusses India's evolving deterrent force posturing in
South Asia under the conceptual essentials of nuclear revolution
when it comes to various combinations of conventional and nuclear
forces development and the strategic implications it intentionally
or unintentionally poses for the South Asian region. The book talks
about how the contemporary restructuring of India's deterrent force
posture affects India's nuclear strategy, in general, and how this
in turn could affect the policies of its adversaries: China and
Pakistan, in particular. Authors discuss the motivations of such
posturing that broadly covers India's restructuring of its Nuclear
Draft Doctrine (DND), the ballistic missile development program,
including that of its Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system, and
the possibility of conflicts between China-India and
India-Pakistan, given their transforming strategic force postures
and their recurring adversarial behavior against each other in the
Southern Asian region.
This book explores evolving patterns of nuclear deterrence, the
impact of new technologies, and changing deterrent force postures
in the South Asian region to assess future challenges for
sustainable peace and stability. Under the core principles of the
security dilemma, this book analyzes the prevailing security
environment in South Asia and offers unilateral, bilateral, and
multilateral frameworks to stabilize peace and ensure deterrence
stability in the South Asian region. Moreover, contending patterns
of deterrence dynamics in the South Asian region are further
elaborated as becoming inextricably interlinked with the broader
security dynamics of the Asia-Pacific region and the interactions
with the United States and China's Belt and Road Initiative. As
India and Pakistan are increasingly becoming part of the competing
strategies exercised by the United States and China, the authors
analyze how strategic uncertainty and fear faced by these rival
states cause the introduction of new technologies which could
gradually drift these competing states into more serious crises and
military conflicts. Presenting innovative solutions to emerging
South Asian challenges and offering new security mechanisms for
sustainable peace and stability, this book will be of interest to
academics and policymakers working on Asian Security studies,
Nuclear Strategy, and International Relations.
This book explores evolving patterns of nuclear deterrence, the
impact of new technologies, and changing deterrent force postures
in the South Asian region to assess future challenges for
sustainable peace and stability. Under the core principles of the
security dilemma, this book analyzes the prevailing security
environment in South Asia and offers unilateral, bilateral, and
multilateral frameworks to stabilize peace and ensure deterrence
stability in the South Asian region. Moreover, contending patterns
of deterrence dynamics in the South Asian region are further
elaborated as becoming inextricably interlinked with the broader
security dynamics of the Asia-Pacific region and the interactions
with the United States and China's Belt and Road Initiative. As
India and Pakistan are increasingly becoming part of the competing
strategies exercised by the United States and China, the authors
analyze how strategic uncertainty and fear faced by these rival
states cause the introduction of new technologies which could
gradually drift these competing states into more serious crises and
military conflicts. Presenting innovative solutions to emerging
South Asian challenges and offering new security mechanisms for
sustainable peace and stability, this book will be of interest to
academics and policymakers working on Asian Security studies,
Nuclear Strategy, and International Relations.
In May 1998, in reaction to India's nuclear weapons tests, Pakistan
tested six nuclear weapons. Following this, the country opted for a
policy of minimum deterrence, and within a year Pakistan had
altered its policy stance by adding the modifier of minimum
'credible' deterrence. This book looks at how this seemingly
innocuous shift seriously impacted on Pakistan's nuclear policy
direction and whether the concept of minimum has lost its
significance in the South Asian region's changed/changing strategic
environment. After providing a brief historical background
exploring why and how Pakistan carried out the nuclear development
program, the book questions why Pakistan could not sustain the
minimum deterrence that it had conceptualized in the immediate
aftermath of the 1998 test. It examines the conceptual theoretical
framework of the essentials of minimum deterrence in order to
question whether Pakistan's nuclear policy remained consistent with
this, as well as to discover the rudimentary factors that are
responsible for the inconsistencies with regard to minimum
deterrence conceived in this study. The book goes on to look at the
policy options that Pakistan had after acquiring the nuclear
capability, and what the rationale was for selecting minimum
deterrence. The book not only highlights Pakistan deterrent force
building, but also analyzes closely Pakistan's doctrinal posture of
first use option. Furthermore, it examines the policy towards arms
control and disarmament, and discusses whether these individual
policy orientations are consistent with the minimum deterrence.
Conceptually providing a deeper understanding of Pakistan's
post-1998 nuclear policy, this book critically examines whether the
minimum deterrence conceived could be sustained both at the
theoretical and operational levels. It will be a useful
contribution in the field of Nuclear Policy, Security Studies,
Asian Politics, Proliferation/Non-Proliferation Studies, and Peace
Studies. This book will be of interest to policy makers, scholars,
and students of nuclear policy, nuclear proliferation and arms
control related research.
In May 1998, in reaction to India s nuclear weapons tests,
Pakistan tested six nuclear weapons. Following this, the country
opted for a policy of minimum deterrence, and within a year
Pakistan had altered its policy stance by adding the modifier of
minimum credible deterrence. This book looks at how this seemingly
innocuous shift seriously impacted on Pakistan s nuclear policy
direction and whether the concept of minimum has lost its
significance in the South Asian region s changed/changing strategic
environment.
After providing a brief historical background exploring why and
how Pakistan carried out the nuclear development program, the book
questions why Pakistan could not sustain the minimum deterrence
that it had conceptualized in the immediate aftermath of the 1998
test. It examines the conceptual theoretical framework of the
essentials of minimum deterrence in order to question whether
Pakistan s nuclear policy remained consistent with this, as well as
to discover the rudimentary factors that are responsible for the
inconsistencies with regard to minimum deterrence conceived in this
study. The book goes on to look at the policy options that Pakistan
had after acquiring the nuclear capability, and what the rationale
was for selecting minimum deterrence. The book not only highlights
Pakistan deterrent force building, but also analyzes closely
Pakistan s doctrinal posture of first use option. Furthermore, it
examines the policy towards arms control and disarmament, and
discusses whether these individual policy orientations are
consistent with the minimum deterrence.
Conceptually providing a deeper understanding of Pakistan s
post-1998 nuclear policy, this book critically examines whether the
minimum deterrence conceived could be sustained both at the
theoretical and operational levels. It will be a useful
contribution in the field of Nuclear Policy, Security Studies,
Asian Politics, Proliferation/Non-Proliferation Studies, and Peace
Studies. This book will be of interest to policy makers, scholars,
and students of nuclear policy, nuclear proliferation and arms
control related research. "
This special volume of "Progress in Molecular Biology and
Translational Science" provides a current overview of how memory is
processed in the brain.A broad range of topics are presented by
leaders in the field, ranging from brain circuitry to synaptic
plasticity to the molecular machinery that contributes to the
brain's ability to maintain information across time. Memory systems
in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala are considered
as well. In addition, the volume covers recent contributions to our
understanding of memory from in vivo imaging, optogenetic,
electrophysiological, biochemical and molecular biological studies.
Articles from world renowned experts in memoryCovering topics from
signaling, epigenetic, RNA translation to plasticityMethodological
approaches includemolecular and cellular, behavioral,
electrophysiological, optogenetic and functional imaging"
In daily course of study, a commerce student has to confront with
many new terms and definitions. To arrange a separate dictionary
for each of the subject is an irritating and sometimes may be an
unaffordable thing to do. This handbook is intended to provide a
one book solution for the commerce students. It encompasses concise
and clear terminology of all the key subjects of business studies.
Thus, it saves valuable time and supplies a want long felt by the
students of a complete and low-priced business dictionary. The
language is simple and definitions are easily understandable, yet
focused. This handbook works as a key supplement for the
preparation of commerce quizzes and job interviews. A great care
has been taken during its compilation but, a handbook like this can
never be perfect. Due to focus on various subjects at the same
time, it is probable that some of the terms get neglected. Any
correction, addition and other related suggestion from readers'
side is welcome all the time.
Labor productivity plays an important role in the successful
delivery of construction projects. It is substantially important to
understand the nature and extent to which certain factors affect
productivity. A field study conducted to examine a set of
parameters that impact labor productivity on building construction
jobsites is presented. These parameters include temperature,
relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation, gang size, crew
composition, height of work, type of work and the method employed.
Techniques from inferential statistics and artificial intelligence
such as Fuzzy subtractive clustering, neural network modeling and
stepwise variable selection procedure are used to analyze and
determine the relative importance and contribution of each
parameter towards productivity estimates. Required data was
collected over a period of ten months directly from construction
jobsites. For further insight on the impact of these factors on
productivity, a set of neural network models were developed.
Productivity is expressed as a function of one parameter at a time.
The trends obtained in this study are compared with related
material in literature and the findings are reported.
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