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The Rise of Smart Cities: Advanced Structural Sensing and
Monitoring Systems provides engineers and researchers with a guide
to the latest breakthroughs in the deployment of smart sensing and
monitoring technologies. The book introduces readers to the latest
innovations in the area of smart infrastructure-enabling
technologies and how they can be integrated into the planning and
design of smart cities. With this book in hand, readers will find a
valuable reference in terms of civil infrastructure health
monitoring, advanced sensor network architectures, smart sensing
materials, multifunctional material and structures,
crowdsourced/social sensing, remote sensing and aerial sensing, and
advanced computation in sensor networks.
This monograph presents a Guided Wave Structural Health Monitoring
(GWSHM) system for aeronautical composite structures. Particular
attention is paid to the development of a reliable and reproducible
system with the capability to detect and localise barely visible
impact damage (BVID) in Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)
structures.A novel sensor installation method that offers ease of
application and replacement as well as excellent durability is
introduced. Electromechanical Impedance (EMI) is also introduced to
assess the durability of the sensor installation methods in
simulated aircraft operational conditions, including thermal
cycles, fatigue loading and hot-wet conditions.Damage
characterisation using GWSHM is described and used to investigate
damage in different CFRP structures. Key issues in guided
wave-based damage identification are highlighted and addressed,
including wave mode and frequency selection, the influence of
dynamic load, the validity of simulated damage, and the sensitivity
of guided waves to impact damage in different CFRP materials.The
influence of temperature on guided wave propagation in anisotropic
CFRP structures is described, and a novel baseline reconstruction
approach for temperature compensation is presented. Finally, a
multi-level hierarchical approach for the quantification of an
ultrasonic GWSHM system is presented.
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a relatively new and
alternative way of non-destructive inspection (NDI). It is the
process of implementing a damage detection and characterization
strategy for composite structures. The basis of SHM is the
application of permanent fixed sensors on a structure, combined
with minimum manual intervention to monitor its structural
integrity. These sensors detect changes to the material and/or
geometric properties of a structural system, including changes to
the boundary conditions and system connectivity, which adversely
affect the system's performance.This book's primary focus is on the
diagnostics element of SHM, namely damage detection in composite
structures. The techniques covered include the use of Piezoelectric
transducers for active and passive Ultrasonics guided waves and
electromechanical impedance measurements, and fiber optic sensors
for strain sensing. It also includes numerical modeling of wave
propagation in composite structures. Contributed chapters written
by leading researchers in the field describe each of these
techniques, making it a key text for researchers and NDI
practitioners as well as postgraduate students in a number of
specialties including materials, aerospace, mechanical and
computational engineering.
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