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A crucial element of structural and continuum mechanics, stability
theory has limitless applications in civil, mechanical, aerospace,
naval and nuclear engineering. This text of unparalleled scope
presents a comprehensive exposition of the principles and
applications of stability analysis. It has been proven as a text
for introductory courses and various advanced courses for graduate
students. It is also prized as an exhaustive reference for
engineers and researchers. The authors' focus on understanding of
the basic principles rather than excessive detailed solutions, and
their treatment of each subject proceed from simple examples to
general concepts and rigorous formulations. All the results are
derived using as simple mathematics as possible. Numerous examples
are given and 700 exercise problems help in attaining a firm grasp
of this central aspect of solid mechanics. The book is an
unabridged republication of the 1991 edition by Oxford University
Press and the 2003 edition by Dover, updated with 18 pages of end
notes.
Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle
Materials is the first in-depth text on the application of fracture
mechanics to the analysis of failure in concrete structures. The
book synthesizes a vast number of recent research results in the
literature to provide a comprehensive treatment of the topic that
does not give merely the facts - it provides true understanding.
The many recent results on quasibrittle fracture and size effect,
which were scattered throughout many periodicals, are compiled here
in a single volume. This book presents a well-rounded discussion of
the theory of size effect and scaling of failure loads in
structures. The size effect, which is the most important practical
manifestation of fracture behavior, has become a hot topic. It has
gained prominence in current research on concrete and quasibrittle
materials.
The treatment of every subject in Fracture and Size Effect in
Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials proceeds from simple to
complex, from specialized to general, and is as concise as possible
using the simplest level of mathematics necessary to treat the
subject clearly and accurately. Whether you are an engineering
student or a practicing engineer, this book provides you with a
clear presentation, including full derivations and examples, from
which you can gain real understanding of fracture and size effect
in concrete and other quasibrittle materials.
This comprehensive treatise covers in detail practical methods of
analysis as well as advanced mathematical models for structures
highly sensitive to creep and shrinkage. Effective computational
algorithms for century-long creep effects in structures, moisture
diffusion and high temperature effects are presented. The main
design codes and recommendations (including RILEM B3 and B4) are
critically compared. Statistical uncertainty of century-long
predictions is analyzed and its reduction by extrapolation is
discussed, with emphasis on updating based on short-time tests and
on long-term measurements on existing structures. Testing methods
and the statistics of large randomly collected databases are
critically appraised and improvements of predictions of
multi-decade relaxation of prestressing steel, cyclic creep in
bridges, cracking damage, etc., are demonstrated. Important
research directions, such as nanomechanical and probabilistic
modeling, are identified, and the need for separating the
long-lasting autogenous shrinkage of modern concretes from the
creep and drying shrinkage data and introducing it into practical
prediction models is emphasized. All the results are derived
mathematically and justified as much as possible by extensive test
data. The theoretical background in linear viscoelasticity with
aging is covered in detail. The didactic style makes the book
suitable as a textbook. Everything is properly explained, step by
step, with a wealth of application examples as well as simple
illustrations of the basic phenomena which could alternate as
homeworks or exams. The book is of interest to practicing
engineers, researchers, educators and graduate students.
This comprehensive treatise covers in detail practical methods of
analysis as well as advanced mathematical models for structures
highly sensitive to creep and shrinkage. Effective computational
algorithms for century-long creep effects in structures, moisture
diffusion and high temperature effects are presented. The main
design codes and recommendations (including RILEM B3 and B4) are
critically compared. Statistical uncertainty of century-long
predictions is analyzed and its reduction by extrapolation is
discussed, with emphasis on updating based on short-time tests and
on long-term measurements on existing structures. Testing methods
and the statistics of large randomly collected databases are
critically appraised and improvements of predictions of
multi-decade relaxation of prestressing steel, cyclic creep in
bridges, cracking damage, etc., are demonstrated. Important
research directions, such as nanomechanical and probabilistic
modeling, are identified, and the need for separating the
long-lasting autogenous shrinkage of modern concretes from the
creep and drying shrinkage data and introducing it into practical
prediction models is emphasized. All the results are derived
mathematically and justified as much as possible by extensive test
data. The theoretical background in linear viscoelasticity with
aging is covered in detail. The didactic style makes the book
suitable as a textbook. Everything is properly explained, step by
step, with a wealth of application examples as well as simple
illustrations of the basic phenomena which could alternate as
homeworks or exams. The book is of interest to practicing
engineers, researchers, educators and graduate students.
This volume is a collection of the papers given at the workshop on
Fracture Scaling, held at the University of Maryland, USA, 10-12
June 1999, under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research,
Arlington, VA, USA. These papers can be grouped under five major
themes: Micromechanical analysis Size effects in fiber composites
Scaling and heterogeneity Computational aspects and nonlocal or
gradient models Size effects in concrete, ice and soils . This
workshop is the result of a significant research effort, supported
by the Office of Naval Research, into the problems of scaling of
fracture in fiber composites, and generally into the problems of
scaling in solid mechanics. These problems, which are of interest
for many materials, especially all quasibrittle materials, share
similar characteristics. Thus, progress in the understanding of
scaling problems for one material may help progress for another
material. This makes it clear that a dialogue between researchers
in various fields of mechanics is highly desirable and should be
promoted. In view of this, this volume should be of interest to
researchers and advanced graduate students in materials science,
solid mechanics and civil engineering.
From time to time the International Journal of Fracture has
presented matters thought to be of special interest to its readers.
The last special topic review was presented by Drs W.G. Knauss and
AJ. Rosakis as Guest Editors in four issues, January-April 1990,
under the general title of Non Linear Fracture. It contained
sections on damage mechanisms, interfaces and creep, time depen
dence, and continuum plasticity insofar as they affect the
mechanisms of the fracture process. Continuing this policy, which
is consistent with our stated objectives, the two September issues
deal with the behavior of concrete and cementious materials during
fracture initiation and propagation. We hope that the ensuing
state-of-the-art review will yield another instructive and timely
product which readers will find useful. To assist us in presenting
this subject, we have prevailed upon a well-known international
expert in concrete behavior, Dr. Z.P. Bazant, Walter P. Murphy
Professor of Civil Engineering, of Northwes tern University to act
as Guest Editor. On behalf of the editors and publishers, I wish to
thank Professor BaZant and his invited authors for undertaking this
special effort. M.L. WILLIAMS Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Editor-in-Chief September 1991 International Journal of Fracture
51: ix-xv, 1991. Z.P. Bafant (ed.), Current Trends in Concrete
Fracture Research.
A crucial element of structural and continuum mechanics, stability
theory has limitless applications in civil, mechanical, aerospace,
naval and nuclear engineering. This text of unparalleled scope
presents a comprehensive exposition of the principles and
applications of stability analysis. It has been proven as a text
for introductory courses and various advanced courses for graduate
students. It is also prized as an exhaustive reference for
engineers and researchers.The authors' focus on understanding of
the basic principles rather than excessive detailed solutions, and
their treatment of each subject proceed from simple examples to
general concepts and rigorous formulations. All the results are
derived using as simple mathematics as possible. Numerous examples
are given and 700 exercise problems help in attaining a firm grasp
of this central aspect of solid mechanics.The book is an unabridged
republication of the 1991 edition by Oxford University Press and
the 2003 edition by Dover, updated with 18 pages of end notes.
Quasibrittle (or brittle heterogeneous) materials are becoming
increasingly important for modern engineering. They include
concretes, rocks, fiber composites, tough ceramics, sea ice, bone,
wood, stiff soils, rigid foams, glass, dental and biomaterials, as
well as all brittle materials on the micro or nano scale. Their
salient feature is that the fracture process zone size is
non-negligible compared to the structural dimensions. This causes
intricate energetic and statistical size effects and leads to
size-dependent probability distribution of strength, transitional
between Gaussian and Weibullian. The ensuing difficult challenges
for safe design are vanquished in this book, which features a
rigorous theory with detailed derivations yet no superfluous
mathematical sophistication; extensive experimental verifications;
and realistic approximations for design. A wide range of subjects
is covered, including probabilistic fracture kinetics at nanoscale,
multiscale transition, statistics of structural strength and
lifetime, size effect, reliability indices, safety factors, and
ramification to gate dielectrics breakdown.
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