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Neurons communicate with each other by releasing neurotransmitters.
This book provides comprehensive coverage of the molecular
mechanisms involved in neurotransmitter release. The topics covered
in the book range from the architecture and cytomatrix proteins of
presynaptic sites, to the modes of synaptic vesicle exocytosis
(full-collapse and kiss-and-run), and from the key molecules
mediating synaptic vesicle fusion (SNAREs) to those that closely
interact with them (UNC-13/Munc13, UNC-18/Munc18, tomosyn, and
complexins). The book also delves into the calcium sensors of
synaptic vesicle fusion (synaptotagmins and Doc2s), the sources of
calcium that trigger synaptic exocytosis (voltage-gated calcium
channels and ryanodine receptors), and the regulation of
neurotransmitter release by potassium channels, cell adhesion
molecules, lipids, aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting
protein (AIP), presenilins, and calstabins. To aid in understanding
and illustrate key concepts, the book includes sufficient
background information and a wealth of illustrations and diagrams.
The new edition includes major updates to previous chapters, as
well as several new chapters that reflect the recent advances in
the field. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Molecular
Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release, 2nd edition, is a
valuable learning resource for neuroscience students and a solid
reference for neuroscientists.
Neurons in the nervous system organize into complex networks and
their functions are precisely controlled. The most important means
for neurons to communicate with each other is transmission through
chemical synapses, where the release of neurotransmitters by the
presynaptic nerve terminal of one neuron influences the function of
a second neuron. Since the discovery of chemical neurotransmission
by Otto Loewi in the 1920s, great progress has been made in our
understanding of mol- ular mechanisms of neurotransmitter release.
The last decade has seen an explosion of knowledge in this field.
The aim of Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release is to
provide up-to-date, in-depth coverage of essentially all major
mole- lar mechanisms of neurotransmitter release. The contributors
have made great efforts to write concisely but with sufficient
background information, and to use figures/diagrams to present
clearly key concepts or experiments. It is hoped that this book may
serve as a learning tool for neuroscience students, a solid
reference for neuroscientists, and a source of knowledge for people
who have a general interest in neuroscience. I was fortunate to be
able to gather contributions from a group of outstanding
scientists. I thank them for their efforts. In particular, I want
to thank Dr. Erik Jorgensen who offered valuable suggestions about
the book in addition to contrib- ing an excellent chapter. I thank
US National Science Foundation and National Institute of Health for
their supports.
This book provides a broader introduction to the theories and
applications of sparse coding techniques in computer vision
research. It introduces sparse coding in the context of
representation learning, illustrates the fundamental concepts, and
summarizes the most active research directions. A variety of
applications of sparse coding are discussed, ranging from low-level
image processing tasks such as super-resolution and de-blurring to
high-level semantic understanding tasks such as image recognition,
clustering and fusion.The book is suitable to be used as an
introductory overview to this field, with its theoretical part
being both easy and precious enough for quick understanding. It is
also of great value to experienced researchers as it offers new
perspective to the underlying mechanism of sparse coding, and
points out potential future directions for different applications.
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