Periodontists, especially during the past few years, have attempted to treat surgical sites gently and atraumatically to achieve primary wound closure. The limits of normal visual perception have made the condition possible for the use and advancement of microsurgery in the field of Periodontics. Periodontal microsurgery is a natural transition and extension of surgical principles and techniques by which exceedingly accurate preparation and delicate atraumatic handling of soft and hard tissues enhance primary wound closure through optical or video magnification.

The epithelial membranes composed of epithelial cells cover most of the internal and external surfaces in the body. Like other cells the epithelial cells also possess specialized cell to cell junctional structures and in doing so may undergo transition from one type to the other particularly at the junctions with heterogeneous cells.A novel biophysical approach has been adopted in the present study to investigate the physico-chemical nature of the dento-epithelial junction. The philosophy behind this approach is that all the living cells, including the epithelial cells exhibit a transmembrane potential difference