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Books > History > European history > 1750 to 1900
Giuseppe Mazzini's Young Europe and the Birth of Modern Nationalism
in the Slavic World examines the intellectual currents in Eastern
Europe that attracted educated youth after the Polish Revolution of
1830-1. Focusing on the political ideas brought to the Slavic world
from the West by Polish emigre conspirators, Anna Procyk explores
the core message that the Polish revolutionaries carried, a message
based on the democratic principles espoused by Young Europe's
founder, Giuseppe Mazzini. Based on archival sources as well as
well-documented publications in Eastern Europe, this study
highlights that the national awakening among the Czechs, Slovaks,
and Galician Ukrainians was not just cultural, as is typically
assumed, but political as well. The documentary sources testify
that at its inception the political nationalism in Eastern Europe,
founded on the humanistic ideals promoted by Mazzini, was
republican-democratic in nature and that the clandestine groups in
Eastern Europe were cooperating with one another through
underground channels. It was through this cooperation during the
1830s that the better-educated Poles and Ukrainians in the
political underground tied to Young Europe became aware that the
interests of their nations, bound together by the forces of history
and political necessity, were best served when they worked closely
together.
J.M.W. Turner's The Fighting Temeraire Tugged to her Last Berth to
be Broken Up (1838) was his masterpiece. Sam Willis tells the
real-life story behind this remarkable painting. The 98-gun
Temeraire warship broke through the French and Spanish line
directly astern of Nelson's flagship Victory during the Battle of
Trafalgar (1805), saving Nelson at a crucial moment in the battle,
and, in the words of John Ruskin, fought until her sides ran 'wet
with the long runlets of English blood...those pale masts that
stayed themselves up against the war-ruin, shaking out their
ensigns through the thunder, till sail and ensign dropped.' It is a
story that unites the art of war as practised by Nelson with the
art of war as depicted by Turner and, as such, it ranges across an
extensive period of Britain's cultural and military history in ways
that other stories do not. The result is a detailed picture of
British maritime power at two of its most significant peaks in the
age of sail: the climaxes of both the Seven Years' War (1756-63)
and the Napoleonic Wars (1798-1815). It covers every aspect of life
in the sailing navy, with particular emphasis on amphibious
warfare, disease, victualling, blockade, mutiny and, of course,
fleet battle, for it was at Trafalgar that the Temeraire really won
her fame. An evocative and magnificent narrative history by a
master historian.
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