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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Western philosophy > Modern Western philosophy, c 1600 to the present > Western philosophy, from c 1900 - > Analytical & linguistic philosophy
Comparing is one of the most essential practices, in our everyday
life as well as in science and humanities. In this in-depth
philosophical analysis of the structure, practice and ethics of
comparative procedures, Hartmut von Sass expands on the
significance of comparison. Elucidating the ramified structure of
comparing, von Sass suggests a typology of comparisons before
introducing the notion of comparative injustice and the limits of
comparisons. He elaborates on comparing as practice by relating
comparing to three relative practices - orienting, describing, and
expressing oneself - to unfold some of the most important chapters
of what might be called comparativism. This approach allows von
Sass to clarify the idea of the incomparable, distinguish between
different versions of incomparability and shed light on important
ethical aspects of comparisons today. Confronting the claim that we
are living in an age of comparisons, his book is an important
contribution to ideas surrounding all-encompassing measurements and
scalability and their critique.
Applying the tools and methods of analytic philosophy, analytic
feminism is an approach adopted in discussions of sexism, classism
and racism. The Bloomsbury Companion to Analytic Feminism presents
the first comprehensive reference resource to the nature, history
and significance of this growing tradition and the forms of social
discrimination widely covered in feminist writings. Through
individual sections on metaphysics, epistemology, and value theory,
a team of esteemed philosophers examine the relationship between
analytic feminism and the main areas of philosophical reflection.
Their engaging and original contributions explore how analytic
feminists define their concepts and use logic to support their
claims. Each section provides concise overviews of the main debates
in feminist literature within that particular area of research, as
well as introductions to each of the chapters. Together with a
glossary and an annotated bibliography, this companion features an
overview of the basic tools used in reading analytic philosophy.
The result is an in-depth and authoritative guide to understanding
analytic feminist's characteristic methods.
Eva Picardi has been one of the most influential Italian analytic
philosophers of her generation. She taught for forty years at the
University of Bologna, raising three generations of students. This
collection of selected writings honors her work, confirming
Picardi's status as one of the most important Frege scholars of her
generation and a leading authority on the philosophy of Donald
Davidson. Bringing together Picardi's contributions to the history
of analytic philosophy, it includes her papers on major
20th-century figures such as Wittgenstein, Quine, Davidson, Rorty,
and Brandom. She examines their work in comparison with the
philosopher Michael Dummett's, illuminating contrasts between
American Neo-pragmatism and Continental philosophy. By considering
key contributions made by Gadamer and Adorno and contrasting them
with Davidson and Rorty's proposals, Picardi is able to bridge the
Analytic and Continental divide. Featuring an introduction by
Annalisa Coliva and new translations of previously unpublished
papers, this collection emphasizes the significance of Picardi's
work for a new generation of readers.
Paul Moser's book defends what has been an unfashionable view in
recent epistemology: the foundationalist account of knowledge and
justification. Since the time of Plato philosophers have wondered
what exactly knowledge is. This book develops a new account of
perceptual knowledge which specifies the exact sense in which
knowledge has foundations. The author argues that experiential
foundations are indeed essential to perceptual knowledge, and he
explains what knowledge requires beyond justified true beliefs. In
challenging prominent sceptical claims that we have no justified
beliefs about the external world, the book outlines a theory of
rational belief.
This is a sustained critique of present-day academic philosophy
combined with a practical agenda for change. Christopher Norris
raises some basic questions about the way that analytic philosophy
has been conducted over the past 25 years. In doing so, he offers
an alternative to what he sees as an over-specialisation of a lot
of recent academic work. Arguing that analytic philosophy has led
to a narrowing of sights to the point where other approaches that
might be more productive are blocked from view, he goes against the
grain to claim that Continental philosophy holds the resources for
a creative renewal of analytic thought. It draws on a wide range of
examples to shine light on one topic: philosophy's current
condition and how we can move beyond it. It addresses issues of
interest to students and teachers of philosophy in both the
analytic and the Continental traditions: speculative realism, the
'extended mind' hypothesis, experimental philosophy, the ontology
of political song, linguistic philosophy, anti-realism and
epistemological scepticism. It interrogates the analytical
zeitgeist through a vigorous critique of the prevailing modes of
thought.
This book investigates the emergence and development of early
analytic philosophy and explicates the topics and concepts that
were of interest to German and British philosophers. Taking into
consideration a range of authors including Leibniz, Kant, Hegel,
Fries, Lotze, Husserl, Moore, Russell and Wittgenstein, Nikolay
Milkov shows that the same puzzles and problems were of interest
within both traditions. Showing that the particular problems and
concepts that exercised the early analytic philosophers logically
connect with, and in many cases hinge upon, the thinking of German
philosophers, Early Analytic Philosophy and the German
Philosophical Tradition introduces the Anglophone world to key
concepts and thinkers within German philosophical tradition and
provides a much-needed revisionist historiography of early analytic
philosophy. In doing so, this book shows that the issues that
preoccupied the early analytic philosophy were familiar to the most
renowned figures in the German philosophical tradition, and
addressed by them in profoundly original and enduringly significant
ways.
"Written in an outstandingly clear and lively style, it provokes its readers to rethink issues they may have regarded as long since settled." TLS
Many people go through life in a rather hit-or-miss fashion,
casting about for ideas to explain why their projects improve or
decline, why they are successful or why they are not. Guessing and
"hunches," however, are not very reliable. And without the
knowledge of how to actually investigate situations, good or bad,
and get the true facts, a person is set adrift in a sea of
unevaluated data. Accurate investigation is, in fact, a rare
commodity. Man's tendency in matters he doesn't understand is to
accept the first proffered explanation, no matter how faulty. Thus
investigatory technology had not actually been practiced or
refined. However, L. Ron Hubbard made a breakthrough in the subject
of logic and reasoning which led to his development of the first
truly effective way to search for and consistently find the actual
causes for things. Knowing how to investigate gives one the power
to navigate through the random facts and opinions and emerge with
the real reasons behind success or failure in any aspect of life.
By really finding out why things are the way they are, one is
therefore able to remedy and improve a situation-any situation.
This is an invaluable technology for people in all walks of life.
Comparing is one of the most essential practices, in our everyday
life as well as in science and humanities. In this in-depth
philosophical analysis of the structure, practice and ethics of
comparative procedures, Hartmut von Sass expands on the
significance of comparison. Elucidating the ramified structure of
comparing, von Sass suggests a typology of comparisons before
introducing the notion of comparative injustice and the limits of
comparisons. He elaborates on comparing as practice by relating
comparing to three relative practices - orienting, describing, and
expressing oneself - to unfold some of the most important chapters
of what might be called comparativism. This approach allows von
Sass to clarify the idea of the incomparable, distinguish between
different versions of incomparability and shed light on important
ethical aspects of comparisons today. Confronting the claim that we
are living in an age of comparisons, his book is an important
contribution to ideas surrounding all-encompassing measurements and
scalability and their critique.
From the 19th century the philosophy of science has been shaped by
a group of influential figures. Who were they? Why do they matter?
This introduction brings to life the most influential thinkers in
the philosophy of science, uncovering how the field has developed
over the last 200 years. Taking up the subject from the time when
some philosophers began to think of themselves not just as
philosophers but as philosophers of science, a team of leading
contemporary philosophers explain, criticize and honour the giants.
Now updated and revised throughout, the second edition includes: *
Easy-to-follow overviews of pivotal thinkers including John Stuart
Mill, Rudolf Carnap, Thomas Kuhn, Karl Popper, and many more *
Coverage of central issues such as experience and necessity,
logical empiricism, falsifiability, paradigms, the sociology of
science, realism, and feminist critiques * An afterword looking
ahead to emerging research trends * Study questions and further
reading lists at the end of each chapter Philosophy of Science: The
Key Thinkers demonstrates how the ideas and arguments of these
figures laid the foundations of our understanding of modern
science.
W. V. Quine was one of the most influential figures of
twentieth-century American analytic philosophy. Although he wrote
predominantly in English, in Brazil in 1942 he gave a series of
lectures on logic and its philosophy in Portuguese, subsequently
published as the book O Sentido da Nova Logica. The book has never
before been fully translated into English, and this volume is the
first to make its content accessible to Anglophone philosophers.
Quine would go on to develop revolutionary ideas about semantic
holism and ontology, and this book provides a snapshot of his views
on logic and language at a pivotal stage of his intellectual
development. The volume also includes an essay on logic which Quine
also published in Portuguese, together with an extensive
historical-philosophical essay by Frederique Janssen-Lauret. The
valuable and previously neglected works first translated in this
volume will be essential for scholars of twentieth-century
philosophy.
This book brings together over 25 years of Arindam Chakrabarti's
original research in philosophy on issues of epistemology,
metaphysics, and philosophy of mind. Organized under the three
basic concepts of a thing out there in the world, the self who
perceives it, and other subjects or selves, his work revolves
around a set of realism links. Examining connections between
metaphysical stances toward the world, selves, and universals,
Chakrabarti engages with classical Indian and modern Western
philosophical approaches to a number of live topics including the
refutation of idealism; the question of the definability of truth,
and the possibility of truths existing unknown to anyone; the
existence of non-conceptual perception; and our knowledge of other
minds. He additionally makes forays into fundamental questions
regarding death, darkness, absence, and nothingness. Along with
conceptual clarification and progress towards alternative solutions
to these substantial philosophical problems, Chakrabarti
demonstrates the advantage of doing philosophy in a cosmopolitan
fashion. Beginning with an analysis of the concept of a thing, and
ending with an analysis of the concept of nothing, Realisms
Interlinked offers a preview of a future metaphysics, epistemology,
and philosophy of mind without borders.
An innovative, ambitious, tradition-crossing study drawing on the
work of Husserl, Heidegger, Horkheimer, Adorno, and Habermas to
propose a new and transformative concept of truth. The idea of
truth is a guiding theme for German continental philosophers from
Husserl through Habermas. In this book, Lambert Zuidervaart
examines debates surrounding the idea of truth in twentieth-century
German continental philosophy. He argues that the Heideggerian and
critical theory traditions have much in common-despite the
miscommunication, opposition, and even outright hostility that have
prevailed between them-including significant roots in the
phenomenology of Edmund Husserl. Zuidervaart sees the tensions
between Heideggerian thought and critical theory as potentially
generative sources for a new approach to the idea of truth. He
argues further that the "critical retrieval" of insights from
German continental philosophy can shed light on current debates in
analytic truth theory. Zuidervaart structures his account around
three issues: the distinction between propositional truth and truth
that is more than propositional (which he calls existential truth);
the relationship between propositional truth and the discursive
justification of propositional truth claims, framed in analytic
philosophy by debates between epistemic and nonepistemic
conceptions of truth; and the relationship between propositional
truth and the objectivity of knowledge, often presented in analytic
philosophy as a conflict between realists and antirealists over the
relation between "truth bearers" and "truth makers." In an
innovative and ambitious argument, drawing on the work of Husserl,
Heidegger, Horkheimer, Adorno, and Habermas, Zuidervaart proposes a
new and transformative conception of truth.
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