Many aspects relating to the conduct of mediation are left to mediator choice, but mediators often lack adequate guidance on how their discretion ought to be exercised. In this book, Omer Shapira identifies the ethical norms that govern mediators' conduct. Adopting a professional ethics perspective on the basis of role-morality and applying it to a core definition of mediators' role, Shapira argues that all mediators are placed in ethical relationships with mediation parties, the mediation profession, the public and their employers. or principals that produce ethical obligations. The book goes on to explore the legitimate expectations of these groups and analyzes existing codes of conduct for mediators. Shapira constructs a theory of mediators' ethics that produces a proposed model code of conduct for mediators - a detailed set of norms of mediators' ethics that can be rationally justified and defended with regard to mediators at large.

In Third Party Funding, Gian Marco Solas, for the first time, describes third party funding (TPF) as stand-alone practice within the wider litigation and legal services' markets. The book reports on legal issues related to TPF in both common law and civil law jurisdictions, and in the international context. It then discusses the incentives and economics of TPF transactions in different legal contexts while explaining how the practice emerged and how it is likely to develop. In addition, the book offers practical insights into TPF transactions and analyzes a number of regulatory proposals that could affect its use and desirability. This work should be read by scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and anyone else interested in how TPF is changing the practice of law.

Der Autor nimmt eine Bestandsaufnahme und kritische Analyse volkerrechtlicher Instrumente und Regeln fur nationale und internationale Verfahren zur Beilegung von Konflikten uber grenzuberschreitende Umweltprobleme vor. Er setzt sich mit den besonderen Anforderungen auseinander, die der grenzuberschreitende Umweltschutz an die Streitbeilegung stellt, und untersucht eingehend die herkommlichen Methoden der friedlichen Streitbeilegung, innovative Methoden der Normdurchsetzung durch Non-Compliance Mechanismen und volkerrechtliche Regeln fur die Einbeziehung der betroffenen Personen, Unternehmen und Organisationen in nationale wie internationale Verfahren. Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse stehen zum einen der Umgang mit Konflikten, die gemeinsame Interessen der Staatengemeinschaft betreffen, und zum anderen Mechanismen, die den Interessenausgleich unmittelbar zwischen den Betroffenen ermoglichen."

Investment arbitration has emerged from modest beginnings and matured into an established presence in international law. However, in recent years it has drifted from the reciprocal vision of its founders. This volume serves as a comprehensive guide for those who wish to reform international investment law from within, seeking a return to the mutuality of access that is in arbitration's essence. A detailed toolset is provided for enhancing the access of host States and their nationals to formal resolution mechanisms in foreign investment disputes. It concludes by offering model texts to achieve greater reciprocity and access to justice in the settlement of disputes arising from international investment initiatives. The book will appeal to all those interested in the future of international investment law, including an international audience of scholars, government officials, private sector actors, and private citizens alike, and including diverse constituencies, communities, and collectives of host State nationals.

Investment claims have exposed the vague nature of the standards by which arbitral tribunals are expected to adjudicate them and the policy reasons which explicitly or implicitly have an influence. The ad hoc nature of the tribunals and the decisions reached on various controversial issues have brought to the fore the issue of consistency. Andres Rigo Sureda's Hersch Lauterpacht Memorial Lecture examines how arbitral discretion is exercised in the face of uncertainty of the law. It explores the choices made by arbitral tribunals as they approach treaty interpretation, as they search for limits in determining jurisdiction and the content of the standards of protection and as they search for consistency in the exercise of arbitral discretion.

De processibus matrimonialibus/DPM ist eine Fachzeitschrift zu Fragen des kanonischen Ehe- und Prozessrechtes. DPM erscheint jahrlich im Anschluss an das offene Seminar fur die Mitarbeiter des Konsistoriums des Erzbistums Berlin de processibus matrimonialibus.

Grounded in interpretive theory and offering interdisciplinary insights from sociological, psychological, and gender studies, this book addresses the question - How do professional, lay, and gendered actors understand and experience case processing in litigation and mediation? Drawing on data from 131 interviews, questionnaires, and observations of plaintiffs, defendants, lawyers, and mediators involved in 64 fatality and medical injury cases, the book challenges dominant understandings of how formal legal processes and dispute resolution work in practice as well as the notion that disputants and their representatives broadly understand and want the same things during case processing. In juxtaposing actors' discourse on all sides of ongoing cases on issues such as expectations, needs, comprehensions of what plaintiffs seek from the legal system, objectives for resolving conflict at mediation, and perceptions of what occurs during attempts at case resolution, the findings reveal inherent problems with the core workings of the legal system. By providing in-depth views on the micro-elements of case processing, the book uncovers important issues about formal and informal justice, the inextricability of disputants' legal and often overriding extra-legal needs, and current paradigms relating to professional, lay, and gendered identities. This book is unique in examining and understanding the workings of the legal system through juxtaposing lawyers', plaintiffs', defendants' and mediators' perceptions of litigation and mediation in ongoing litigated cases. This has not been done before, as access difficulties are immeasurable * The book adds to the paucity of in-depth empirical data from plaintiffs and defendants themselves on their motivations, perceptions and extra-legal agendas during litigation and mediation. The findings additionally offer insight into how female and male lawyers practice law, and how female and male plaintiffs and defendants experience legal processes.

Das vierbandige "Handbuch zur Geschichte der Konfliktloesung in Europa" beschaftigt sich mit rechtlichen und ausserrechtlichen Wegen der Entscheidung von Konflikten zwischen einzelnen Menschen sowie zwischen Personen und ihren Obrigkeiten. Das von Expertinnen und Experten aus vielen europaischen Landern geschriebene Handbuch soll als zentrales Referenzmedium fur die historische Dimension aller Aspekte der Streitentscheidung dienen. Der Aufbau des Werks orientiert sich an den vier Epochen Antike, Mittelalter, Fruhe Neuzeit und 19./20. Jahrhundert. Nach einer Einfuhrung in die jeweilige Epoche werden die fur den Zeitabschnitt kennzeichnenden Akteure, Verfahren und Institutionen vorgestellt sowie Kernfragen und Zentralprobleme der Streitentscheidung in zeittypischen Konfliktfeldern behandelt. Die europaische Perspektive des Handbuchs schlagt sich in UEberblicken zu einzelnen Landern, Regionen und Rechtskulturen nieder. Ausfuhrliche Hinweise auf die weiterfuhrende Literatur runden die Darstellung ab. Band 4 umfasst Beitrage zum 19. und 20. Jahrhundert.

Economic activity is more globally integrated than ever before, but so is the scope of corporate misconduct. As more and more people across the world are affected by such malfeasance, the differences in legal redress have become increasingly visible. This transparency has resulted in a growing convergence towards an American model of robust private enforcement of the law, including the class-action lawsuit. This handbook brings together scholars from nearly two dozen countries to describe and assess the class-action procedure (or its equivalent) in their respective countries and, where possible, to offer empirical data on these systems. At the same time, the work presents a variety of multidisciplinary perspectives on class actions, from economics to philosophy, making this handbook an essential resource to academics, lawyers, and policymakers alike.

This ground-breaking book takes a fresh look at potential non-litigation solutions to providing personal injury compensation. It is the first systematic comparative study of such a large number - over forty - of personal injury compensation schemes. It covers the drivers for their creation, the frameworks under which they operate, the criteria and thresholds used, the compensation offered, the claims process, statistics on throughput and costs, and analysis of financial costings. It also considers and compares the successes and failings of these schemes. Many different types of redress providers are studied. These include the comprehensive no-blame coverage offered by the New Zealand Accident Compensation Corporation; the widely used Patient, Pharmaceutical, Motor Accident and Workers Compensation Insurance systems of the Nordic states; the far smaller issue-focused schemes like the UK Thalidomide and vCJD Trusts; vaccine damage schemes that exist in many countries; as well as motor vehicle schemes from the USA. Conclusions are drawn about the functions, essential requirements, architecture, scope, operation and performance of personal injury compensation systems. The relationships between such schemes, the courts and regulators are also discussed, and both calls and need for reforms are noted. Noting the wide calls for reform of NHS medical negligence litigation within the UK, and its replacement with a no blame approach, the authors' findings outline options for future policy in this area. This major contribution builds on general shifts from courts to ADR, and from blame to no blame in regulation, and is a work that has the potential to have a major impact on the field of personal injury redress. With contributions by Raymond Byrne, Claire Bright, Shuna Mason, Magdalena Tulibacka, Matti Urho, Mary Walker and Herbert Woopen.

The Jackson ADR Handbook was created following recommendations by Lord Justice Jackson for an authoritative handbook for Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). The first edition, written in collaboration with a specialist editorial advisory board, laid a strong foundation as an essential guide to ADR, and received judicial endorsement in the Court of Appeal and the Technology and Construction Court. The second edition built upon that success, becoming a set text with the Bar Standards Board. This fully revised third edition integrates a range of important new case law, locates ADR within an increasingly digital landscape, and addresses calls from within the judiciary for ADR to be incorporated at all stages of the dispute resolution process. Designed in a concise, user-friendly format, the text provides an in-depth overview of the options and principles of ADR, before looking at five focused areas: the interplay between ADR, CPR, and litigation; negotiation; mediation; recording and enforcing settlement; and other ADR options including the international perspective. Additional materials such as mediation providers, specimen documents, precedents, and practice tips are available on a companion website at www.oup.com/ADR3e