Since the early 1800's, children have been taught and encouraged to function as instructional agents for their classroom peers. However, it was not until the last decade that peer-mediated intervention was studied in a rigorous, systematic fashion. The purpose of this edited volume is to provide an up-to-date and complete account of empirical research that addresses the general efficacy of classroom peers as behavior change agents. As a result of various social and legal developments, such as the passage of Public Law 94-142 and its accompanying demand for indi vidualized instruction, peer-mediated interventions seem likely to prolif erate. As I have noted elsewhere (Strain, this volume), close adherence to the principle of individualized programming has rendered obsolete the "adults only" model of classroom instruction. Whether the utilization of peers in the instructional process comes to be viewed by school personnel as a positive adjunct to daily classroom practices depends in large mea sure on our ability to carefully design, conduct, and communicate the findings of applied research. I trust that this volume will function both to accurately communicate existing findings and to stimulate further study. My colleagues who have generously contributed their time and skill to this volume have my deepest appreciation. They have performed their various tasks in a timely, professional manner and, in my opinion, have provided considerable insight into the problems and potentials of peers as instructional agents."

This book provides a wide spectrum of research on young children's humor and illuminates the depth and complexity of humor development in children from birth through age 8 and beyond. It highlights the work of pioneers in young children's humor research including Paul McGhee, Doris Bergen, and Vasu Reddy. Presenting a variety of new perspectives, the book examines such issues as play, humor, laughing and pleasure within the context of learning and development. It looks at humor, wordplay and cartoons that can be used as educational tools in the classroom. Finally, it provides explorations of humor within a cultural and spiritual context. The book presents diverse and creative methods to study humor and provides practical implications for adults working with children. The book offers a powerful springboard for moving research and practice toward a deeper understanding of young children's humor as an integral and meaningful component of early development and learning.

This is a very unusual book. It brings to the English speaking reader a masterpiece written some 50 years ago by one of the greatest minds of the 20th century--Nicholai Aleksandrovich Bernstein--considered the founder of many contemporary fields of science such as biomechanics, motor control, and physiology of activity. Divided into two parts, this volume's first section is a translation of the Russian book On Dexterity and Its Development. It presents, in a very reader-friendly style, Bernstein's major ideas related to the development and control of voluntary movements in general, and to the notion of dexterity, in particular. Although very few scientific works remain interesting to the reader 50 years after they were written, this volume--now available for the first time in English--is a rare exception to this rule. His ideas are certainly not obsolete. Actually, we are just starting to grasp the depth and breadth of his thinking, especially his analysis of the complex notion of dexterity. The second section provides both a historical and a contemporary perspective on Bernstein's ideas. The original work was directed at a wide audience ranging from specialists in biomechanics and motor behavior, to coaches, neurologists, physical therapists, athletes, and even inquisitive college and high school students. The chapters contributed by contemporary scientists mirror Bernstein's style and present new findings in the areas of biomechanics, motor control, and motor development in a way that would be both understandable to non-specialists in these areas, and informative for professionals working in different areas related to human movement. All those interested in the origins and mechanisms of the production of voluntary movements, irrespective of their educational and professional background, will find this book valuable. In addition, the unique history and composition of this text will make it helpful and attractive to historians and philosophers of science.

This book examines the typical pattern of communication development in children and adolescents to enable primary care physicians as well as other clinicians, therapists, and practitioners to assist parents in making informed decisions based on current research. It offers an overview of communication disorders in children and adolescents that typically present before adulthood. The book describes current assessment, diagnostic procedures, and evidence-based interventions. Chapters outline the standard course of speech milestones and ages to begin screening for deficits and their risk factors. Subsequent chapters review best practices for every aspect of treatment, including care planning, discussing disorders and interventions with parents, making referrals, and collaborating with other providers. The book also discusses evidence-based interventions for specific disorder types such as language impairment, stuttering, language disabilities, and hearing impairment. In addition, the book offers guidance on how to speak about care planning as well as quality of life issues related to communication disorders with other caregivers and parents. Featured topics include: Screening and identification procedures of communication disorders. Key elements to providing family-centered care. Common causes, assessment, and treatment of specific language impairment (SLI) in children. Hearing loss and its impact on the development of communication in children. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the role of attention in the development of language in children. Communication development in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Clinical Guide to Assessment and Treatment of Communication Disorders is a must-have resource for clinicians and related professionals, researchers and professors, and graduate students in the fields of child, school, and developmental psychology, pediatrics and social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, primary care medicine, and related disciplines.

A practical, evidence-based introduction on counseling children and adolescents Counseling Children and Adolescents empowers counselors to thoughtfully and deliberately help young clients tackle complex issues and difficulties. The text covers the principal approaches to counseling children and adolescents, discusses the common issues that bring children and adolescents to counseling, and helps readers understand what counseling younger people looks like. What sets this work apart are its concrete applications and its clear, accessible writing. As one reviewer put it, the text's key strengths are a "practical synthesis of theory into clinical and school counseling..., engaging case studies that are diverse and multiculturally sensitive..., [and] real world application." Reach every student by pairing this text with MyLab Counseling MyLab is the teaching and learning platform that empowers you to reach every student. By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, MyLab personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student. MyLab Counseling organizes all assignments around essential learning outcomes and the CACREP standards-enabling easy course alignment and reporting. Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; MyLab Counseling does not come packaged with this content. Students, if interested in purchasing this title with MyLab Counseling, ask your instructor to confirm the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MyLab Counseling search for: 0134710835 / 9780134710839 Counseling Children and Adolescents plus MyLab Counseling with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of: 0134745132 / 9780134745138 Counseling Children and Adolescents 0134745264 / 9780134745268 MyLab Counseling with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Counseling Children and Adolescents

This book provides an updated and fresh introduction to recent theoretical developments in youth studies. It expands upon these developments and introduces new discussions and perspectives. It presents three central theoretical traditions in youth studies, and explores the possibilities of redefining some of the central concepts, but also of combining different theoretical perspectives. After depicting the theoretical landscape of youth studies, the book explores generations and new subjectivities. Next, it examines subcultures and transitional spaces, mediatization and learning processes. One chapter is set aside for a discussion on the body, the self and habitus, and this is followed by a chapter on postcolonial spaces. Before presenting its conclusions, the book delves into the development of youth studies, theory and everyday life. All together the book taps into what is happening in the everyday lives of young people, and employs a methodology that can be used to create bridges between young people's voices and experiences on the one hand and societal and cultural transformations on the other.

This volume addresses two major areas of inquiry in the field of early childhood education and care. The first section of the book includes scholarly reviews on early childhood education and care and its conceptual bases. Programme curriculum and implementation are explored, including theoretically driven programmes and programme evaluations. Traditional perspectives on early childhood outcomes are detailed, alongside comparative analyses of early childhood practice from an international perspective. Section two presents the first in a series on reconceptualizing play. Traditional views of play, as an abiding element of early childhood practice, are critiqued. Questions about conceptions of play are raised by historical, ethical, cross-cultural, narrative, and theoretical treatments of play practices. These views are designed to stimulate thought about our most basic ideas of play and children.

What do we mean when we call someone smart? That they are good at math and got a high score on the SAT? That they learn languages easily? Those traits might be what comes to mind first: they are what underly psychology’s classic definition of intelligence, and what we are told in school that a smart person can do. But they are not the whole story.

As Howard Gardner argues in the groundbreaking classic Frames of Mind, to limit our understanding of intelligence to “book smarts” misses much of what makes human beings amazing. Someone who plays an instrument well is exhibiting intelligence. So, too, someone who knows how to do physical comedy—is their mastery of their movements and the space around them not brilliant? And to have a profound knowledge of their own self, their relationships with others, and relationships between others, too, is to show great intelligence as well.

Gardner calls this the theory of multiple intelligences. But this isn’t just a book for intellectuals who want to argue about what intelligence is, or educators debating how to teach. It is for each of us. In an era of teaching to the test, and increasingly powerful artificial intelligence, Gardner’s work is a celebration of all the ways there are to be human.

This handbook addresses the delivery of high quality pediatric behavioral healthcare services that are multitiered, evidence-based, and integrated, involving interprofessional collaboration across child serving systems, such as pediatrician offices and schools. The book sets forth a contemporary, leading edge approach that reflects the relationship between biological and psychosocial development and the influence of multiple systems, including the family, community, school, and the healthcare system on child development and functioning. It assists child-focused providers in developing knowledge about the relationship between biological and psychosocial development and between pediatric physical health and behavioral health problems. Chapters cover common chronic illnesses and behavioral conditions and include guidelines for screening, assessment, diagnosis, prevention, and coordinated intervention. Chapters also include representative case studies that help illustrate efficacious, effective service-delivery approaches. The handbook concludes with recommendations for future research and directions for integrated pediatric behavioral healthcare. Topics featured in the Handbook include: Behavioral health aspects of chronic physical health conditions, including asthma, diabetes, chronic pain, traumatic brain injury, and cancer. Physical health implications of behavioral health and educational problems, including ADHD, learning disabilities, substance abuse, and ASD. Coping with chronic illness and medical stress. Patient adherence to medical recommendations and treatments. School reintegration after illness. The Handbook of Pediatric Behavioral Healthcare is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other practitioners in clinical child and school psychology, primary care medicine, social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, public health, health psychology, pediatric medicine, nursing, behavioral therapy, rehabilitation, and counseling.

Heinz Werner (1890-1964) was one of the three key developmental psychologists of the 20th century a" along with Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. This book is a new exploration of Wernera (TM)s ideas and their social contexts a" in Vienna in his student years, in Hamburg up to 1933, followed by the years of transit as an immigrant to America at times of economic depression, finally culminating in his establishment of the prominent "Clark tradition" in American psychology in the 1950s. The book offers an in-depth analysis of Wernera (TM)s ideas as they were originally formulated in Vienna and Hamburg, and how they were changed by North American influences. Wernera (TM)s pivotal role between European and American intellectual traditions is illuminated through the use of rich memories of his former students, unique documents from Wernera (TM)s personal library at Clark, and analyses of links with other European traditions in philosophy and biological sciences. The European period (prior to 1933) in Wernera (TM)s academic life is found to be definitive for Wernera (TM)s contributions to science. The ideas developed in his early career continued in the form of a productive empirical research program in the 1950s at Clark. An analysis of the social-intellectual climate of the development of psychology in America in the 1950s is a special feature of this book that will further enhance an understanding of Wernera (TM)s unique contribution

This book will be of interest to developmental psychologists, sociologists and historians of science, philosophers, practitioners working in special education and neuropsychology, and for general readers interested in the history of ideas and life coursesof scientists.

- Theoretical foundations, explanations and practical guides for implementation of social and emotional programming in early childhood settings

- Review of all extant programming for both in-class and parenting applications to further social and emotional development during early childhood

- Chapters presenting the major components of emotional competence are followed directly by another chapter detailing applications, or "lessons from the field."

The latest volume in the series continues to include outstanding integrative work by infancy researchers, offering substantive findings and new views of the developing and behaving infant. Acidic paper. Price to individuals $32.50. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.

Ethological attachment theory is a landmark of 20th century social and behavioral sciences theory and research. This new paradigm for understanding primary relationships across the lifespan evolved from John Bowlby's critique of psychoanalytic drive theory and his own clinical observations, supplemented by his knowledge of fields as diverse as primate ethology, control systems theory, and cognitive psychology. By the time he had written the first volume of his classic Attachment and Loss trilogy, Mary D. Salter Ainsworth's naturalistic observations in Uganda and Baltimore, and her theoretical and descriptive insights about maternal care and the secure base phenomenon had become integral to attachment theory. Patterns of Attachment reports the methods and key results of Ainsworth's landmark Baltimore Longitudinal Study. Following upon her naturalistic home observations in Uganda, the Baltimore project yielded a wealth of enduring, benchmark results on the nature of the child's tie to its primary caregiver and the importance of early experience. It also addressed a wide range of conceptual and methodological issues common to many developmental and longitudinal projects, especially issues of age appropriate assessment, quantifying behavior, and comprehending individual differences. In addition, Ainsworth and her students broke new ground, clarifying and defining new concepts, demonstrating the value of the ethological methods and insights about behavior. Today, as we enter the fourth generation of attachment study, we have a rich and growing catalogue of behavioral and narrative approaches to measuring attachment from infancy to adulthood. Each of them has roots in the Strange Situation and the secure base concept presented in Patterns of Attachment. It inclusion in the Psychology Press Classic Editions series reflects Patterns of Attachment's continuing significance and insures its availability to new generations of students, researchers, and clinicians.

The past two decades have witnessed a proliferation of research dealing with dynamic-interactive assessment as an alternative to conventional psychometric measures. This book establishes dynamic assessment as a useful approach that complements standardized normative tests in portraying an accurate picture of cognitive functioning and offering a more adequate assessment of handicapped persons and persons with learning disabilities.

Choice's Outstanding Academic Title list for 2013 2013 Honorable Mention for the Distinguished Book Award presented by the Midwest Sociological Society Honorable Mention for the Charles H. Cooley Award for Outstanding Book from the Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction Illuminates the misunderstood meaning of self-injury in the 21st century Cutting, burning, branding, and bone-breaking are all types of self-injury, or the deliberate, non-suicidal destruction of one's own body tissue, a practice that emerged from obscurity in the 1990s and spread dramatically as a typical behavior among adolescents. Long considered a suicidal gesture, The Tender Cut argues instead that self-injury is often a coping mechanism, a form of teenage angst, an expression of group membership, and a type of rebellion, converting unbearable emotional pain into manageable physical pain. Based on the largest, qualitative, non-clinical population of self-injurers ever gathered, noted ethnographers Patricia and Peter Adler draw on 150 interviews with self-injurers from all over the world, along with 30,000-40,000 internet posts in chat rooms and communiques. Their 10-year longitudinal research follows the practice of self-injury from its early days when people engaged in it alone and did not know others, to the present, where a subculture has formed via cyberspace that shares similar norms, values, lore, vocabulary, and interests. An important portrait of a troubling behavior, The Tender Cut illuminates the meaning of self-injury in the 21st century, its effects on current and former users, and its future as a practice for self-discovery or a cry for help.

Despite their rich fossil history, there are only four surviving species of sirenians or sea cows, the only fully aquatic herbivorous mammals. The three species of manatees and the dugong live in the coastal waters rivers and lakes of more than 80 tropical and subtropical countries and are all on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This book examines sirenian conservation biology through the lens of their behavioral ecology and ethology. Sirenian feeding, diving, movement, social and reproductive behaviors are reviewed by an international team of scientists from eight countries, with an emphasis on data gathered in the past 15 years.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to psychological assessment and covers areas not typically addressed in existing test and measurements texts, such as neuropsychological assessment and the use of tests in forensics settings. The book introduces the vocabulary of the profession and the most basic mathematics of testing early as being fundamental to understanding the field. Numerous examples are drawn from tests that the authors have written or otherwise helped to develop, reflecting the authors' deep understanding of these tests and their familiarity with problems encountered in test development, use, and interpretation. Following the introduction of the basic areas of psychometrics, the book moves to areas of testing that represent various approaches to measuring different psychological constructs (memory, language, executive function, etc.), with emphasis on the complex issue of cultural bias in testing. Examples of existing tests are given throughout the book; however, this book is not designed to prepare students to go out and administer, score, and interpret specific psychological tests. Rather, the purpose of this book is to provide the foundational core of knowledge about tests, measurement, and assessment constructs, issues, and quantitative tools. Explains what constitutes a psychological test, how tests are developed, how they are best used, and how to evaluate their strengths and weaknesses; Describes areas of testing that represent different approaches to measuring different psychological constructs; Explains applications of psychological testing to issues in the courts; Addresses how test authors and publishers design and research tests to address the difficult and demanding issues of cultural differences in test performance and interpretation of test results.

Bullying. Gang assaults. Rampage shootings. School violence, especially when it turns deadly, has enduring social and psychological effects on students, faculty, staff, and the community. And though a great deal of research focuses on the significant role children's positive social development plays in reducing incidents of school violence, in-depth examinations of evidence-based preventive measures have remained minimal until now. With its focus on averting lethal school violence, this unique volume translates the prosocial findings into practicable preventive measures that can be put to use in school settings. Making expert use of news reports as well as scholarly data, Preventing Lethal School Violence clarifies the links between bullying and lethal violence and delineates typical characteristics of school shooters while cautioning against outright profiling. Students' awareness of self and others, strong connections with adults, and other social and ethical skills form the basis of a comprehensive, research-based model for reducing -- and potentially eliminating -- lethal incidents at school. This accessible volume: * Outlines the scope of school violence as a broader social problem. * Summarizes current information on the traits common to students who commit lethal violence at school. * Examines the relationship between bullying/cyberbullying and rampage incidents. * Analyzes examples of successful prevention of violent acts and resolution of hostage situations. * Describes in detail the concept of positive school climate and introduces the Safe School Communities Model. * Synthesizes key research data into violence prevention skills for students, teachers, administrators, and all professionals working in schools. Preventing Lethal School Violence is a must-have resource for researchers and professionals in school psychology and allied education disciplines, including school administration, school counseling, and social work

This handbook provides an overview of the nature, prevalence, and causes of sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and examines the process of using functional behavior assessment (FBA) to treat sleep disorders. It describes several evidence-based treatments and explores how these align with the outcomes of the FBA process, including case illustrations of the assessment and treatment process. The handbook discusses the application of FBA in family contexts, including: The effects on children and families of successful interventions with sleep. How to conduct FBA with clinically complex families. Including the child in the intervention. The evidence of efficacy of other treatment approaches. The handbook addresses sleep problems that are highly prevalent among children and young people with ASD, including sleep onset delay, frequent and prolonged night waking, and unwanted co-sleeping. It explores the profound secondary effects that sleep problems may have on children's daytime functioning as well as child and parent health and wellbeing. The handbook discusses the causes of sleep problems in individuals with ASD, which may be multifaceted and complex and include physiological, environmental, cognitive etiologies yet almost always have a behavioral or learned component. It examines how FBA can be used to characterize challenging behaviors and identify the antecedents (e.g., environmental context) and consequences that affect such behaviors. The volume details the process of using FBA to assess and treat sleep problems in children with ASD. Clinical Handbook of Behavioural Sleep Treatment in Autism is a must-have resource for clinicians, therapists, and other practitioners as well as researchers and graduate students in clinical child and school psychology, behavioral therapy, social work, public health, developmental psychology, pediatrics, family studies, and child and adolescent psychiatry.

This volume takes an international and multidisciplinary approach to understanding students' academic achievement. It does so by integrating educational literature with developmental psychology and family studies perspectives. Each of the nine chapters focuses on a particular country: China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, or the United States. It describes the country as a cultural context, examines the current school system and parenting in light of the school system, and provides empirical evidence from that country regarding links between parenting and students' academic achievement. The book highlights similarities and differences in education and parenting across these nine countries - all varying widely in socioeconomic and cultural factors that affect schools and families. The volume contributes to greater understanding of links between parenting and academic performance in different cultural groups. It sheds light on how school systems and parenting are embedded in larger cultural settings that have implications for students' educational experiences and academic achievement. As two of the most important contexts in which children and adolescents spend time, understanding how schools and families jointly contribute to academic achievement holds promise for advancing the international agenda of promoting quality education for all.

This book explores the answers to fundamental questions about the human mind and human behaviour with the help of two ancient texts. The first is Oedipus Rex (Oedipus Tyrannus) by Sophocles, written in the 5th century BCE. The second is human DNA, with its origins around 4 billion years ago, and continuously revised by chance and evolution. With Sophocles as a guide, the authors take a journey into the Genomic era, an age marked by ever-expanding insights into the human genome. Over the course of this journey, the book explores themes of free will, fate, and chance; prediction, misinterpretation, and the burden that comes with knowledge of the future; self-fulfilling and self-defeating prophecies; the forces that contribute to similarities and differences among people; roots and lineage; and the judgement of oneself and others. Using Oedipus Rex as its lens, this novel work provides an engaging overview of behavioural genetics that demonstrates its relevance across the humanities and the social and life sciences. It will appeal in particular to students and scholars of genetics, education, psychology, sociology, and law.

Authored by the absolute top authorities in quantitative and mixed methods research in this field. Introduces students to data analysis, and includes extensive coverage of research practices and related issues in design and methodology, and excellent coverage of a range of quantitative and mixed methods. Inclusion of the latter in a research text in applied linguistics is unique. Intuitive, chronological organization makes it easy for students to navigate and understand the book, while also being able to fruitfully consult individual chapters as needed. This organization allows students to conduct their own research studies from beginning to end. A wealth of graphics, visuals, exercises, practice tasks, boxes, and other pedagogic material provides students new to research with the necessary introductions to the key topics and debates in L2 research, as well as the tools to conduct their own research projects. There is no other core course text for SLA/L2-focused research design and analysis. Unlike other research methods core texts, Mackey/Gass focuses on L2 rather on applied linguistics more broadly. It therefore offers coverage of many more relevant methods. Also offers a hands-on guide so that students can conduct their own research. Mackey/Gass is much more user-friendly and well-written than extant books. Other books are a compilation of different contributions and styles without a unifying voice (or written as well as Mackey/Gass).

This open access book brings together discourse on children and peace from the 15th International Symposium on the Contributions of Psychology to Peace, covering issues pertinent to children and peace and approaches to making their world safer, fairer and more sustainable. The book is divided into nine sections that examine traditional themes (social construction and deconstruction of diversity, intergenerational transitions and memories of war, and multiculturalism), as well as contemporary issues such as Europe's "migration crisis", radicalization and violent extremism, and violence in families, schools and communities. Chapters contextualize each issue within specific social ecological frameworks in order to reflect on the multiplicity of influences that affect different outcomes and to discuss how the findings can be applied in different contexts. The volume also provides solutions and hope through its focus on youth empowerment and peacebuilding programs for children and families. This forward-thinking volume offers a multitude of views, approaches, and strategies for research and activism drawn from peace psychology scholars and United Nations researchers and practitioners. This book's multi-layered emphasis on context, structural determinants of peace and conflict, and use of research for action towards social cohesion for children and youth has not been brought together in other peace psychology literature to the same extent. Children and Peace: From Research to Action will be a useful resource for peace psychology academics and students, as well as social and developmental psychology academics and students, peace and development practitioners and activists, policy makers who need to make decisions about the matters covered in the book, child rights advocates and members of multilateral organizations such as the UN.