This book examines the practice of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) as it stands today in the context of matrimonial disputes and for providing gender justice for women undergoing matrimonial litigation. ADR is a fairly recent but increasingly prevalent phenomenon that has significantly evolved due to the failure of the adversarial process of litigation to provide timely resolution of disputes. The book explores the merit and demerit of traditional litigation process and emergence, socio-legal framework, work environment and success rate of various ADR processes in general and for resolving matrimonial disputes in particular. It comprehensively discusses the role of various institutions and attitudes and perceptions of ADR practitioners. It analyzes the influence of patriarchal cultural assumptions of appropriate feminine behaviour and its effect on ADR practitioners like mediators and counsellors that leads to the marginalization of aggrieved woman's issues. With a brief analysis of the experience and challenges faced with the way the ADR process is conducted, the focus is on probing the vulnerability of aggrieved women. The book critiques the practice of ADR as it is today and offers constructive ways forward by providing suggestions, insights, and analysis that could bring about a transformation in the way justice is delivered to women. This in-depth study is an attempt to guide decision making by bringing forth and legitimizing the battered women's voice which often goes unrepresented, in the debate about the efficacy of ADR mechanism in resolving matrimonial disputes. The book is of interest to those working for justice for women, particularly in the context of matrimonial disputes -- legal professionals, mediators, counsellors, judges, academicians, women rights activists, researchers in the field of gender and women studies, social work and law, ADR educators, policymakers and general readers who are inclined and interested in bringing a gender perspective to their area of work.

The book describes the author's extensive experience of working as an expert witness in family courts. Although he acts as a psychiatrist trying to see what is in the child's best interests in often very complex situations, his core identity as a psychoanalyst is fundamental to his approach. The work entails looking at the inner worlds of children and parents, as well as whole family functioning, including aspects of the wider professional network as well as the court processes. The book gives clinical examples of how the author uses his approach.Being a psychoanalyst offers a particular clinical stance, where unconscious motives, impulses and emotions have to be faced. Tackling negative attitudes and behaviour, as well as promoting more positive aspects of functioning, based on a psychoanalytical approach, can help the more intractable families to change. A psychoanalytical approach can also help to inform decision-making in the courts. It can offer a space for calm thinking in an otherwise crisis-led field. But it means having to find a clear and communicable language for complex states of mind, a far from easy task, but one which may be worthwhile if psychoanalysis is to survive.The book provides detailed guidance for assessing families for the courts, as well giving many detailed clinical examples to illustrate points made. Topics covered include guidance for experts, assessment of families, contact issues, fostering, adoption and rehabilitation issues.

Avoid legal consequences in your library by knowing copyright law! Legal Solutions in Electronic Reserves and the Electronic Delivery of Interlibrary Loan guides you through the process of developing policies to protect you, your library, and your patrons. The book examines the philosophy and regulations behind the laws and guidelines that apply directly to library services, allowing library staff and administration to better understand why these rules are needed. This vital resource offers suggestions and advice to ensure your library can offer the best services to your patrons while staying within the boundaries of the law. With this informative tool, you'll learn more about: copyright basicsspecial allowances, licensing, penalties confidentiality basicsstate regulations, institutional regulations, records retention policies electronic reserves and electronic delivery of interlibrary loandifferences of electronic versus physical, negotiating permissions and database contracts for use and more! Legal Solutions in Electronic Reserves and the Electronic Delivery of Interlibrary Loan shows you where to find works in the public domain and free E-material on the Internet. It also lists several Web sites to help you obtain permission, acquire information on copyrights and electronic reserves, or join a listserv or discussion group on these issues. This book includes a section on current legislative issues that will affect you in the future. To help you plan your course of action, Legal Solutions in Electronic Reserves and the Electronic Delivery of Interlibrary Loan includes the text of several important laws and guidelines, such as: the Copyright Law the Agreement on Guidelines for Classroom Copying in Not-For-Profit Educational Institutions with Respect to Books and Periodicals the CONTU Guidelines on Photocopying under Interlibrary Loan Arrangements the CONFU Fair-Use Guidelines for Electronic Reserve Systems the American Library Association Model Policy Concerning College and University Photocopying for Classroom, Research, and Library Reserve Use (Section on Reserves)

The regulation of cross border civil and commercial litigation is a burgeoning EU policy area. Legislative measures and other initiatives now provide a framework for the regulation of cross-border service of documents, obtaining evidence, establishing jurisdiction and enforcement of judgments, enforcement orders, legal aid, alternative dispute resolution, payment orders, and small claims. In addition, overarching measures have been enacted including the creation a judicial network and judicial training structures.
This book offers the first detailed analysis of the EU's activity in procedural harmonization, spanning civil procedure, private international law and European law. The book situates the development of the policy area and its regulation in relation to broader themes of the European integration process: market building, citizenship, fundamental rights, subsidiarity and governance. It provides a detailed analysis of the legislative measures and assesses their impact on fundamental principles of civil justice, including due process rights. The case-law in the area is also analyzed, including the introduction of the principle of mutual recognition. The book concludes with a comparative analysis of the EU's approach with broader international efforts for procedural harmonization.

The EU Law Duty of Consistent Interpretation in German, Irish and Dutch Courts considers the case law of the European Court of Justice which makes up the framework for the requirement to interpret national law so far as possible in conformity with EU law directives. It offers an in-depth analysis of the application of this obligation in three Member States: Germany, Ireland and the Netherlands. The key question underlying this examination is to what extent the established theories of supremacy of EU law, national constitutionalism and constitutional pluralism adequately explain the relationship between EU and national law under the duty of consistent interpretation. In order to understand the duty of consistent interpretation and its interaction and/or interference with national interpretative rules, this book includes an outline of the approach to interpretation in a non-EU law context for the three selected Member States. Both the duty of consistent interpretation and national interpretative rules are complex 'creatures' and it can be particularly difficult to disentangle how they interact. The author develops a typology for understanding the different kinds of interaction, mainly, yet not exclusively, by asking under which circumstances it can be said that there exists a 'conflict of interpretative rules'. The book also offers valuable lessons by discussing numerous judgments, highlighting the mutual responsiveness of the duty of consistent interpretation and national interpretative rules, as well as the reconciliatory attitude of national courts. Since the fit between consistent interpretation and theories on the relationship between EU and national law is examined, this book also investigates the explanatory value of those theories beyond the context in which they were primarily developed and/or discussed, thereby contributing to an enriched understanding of those theories. The book is also of added value for practitioners as it discusses in detail how the duty of consistent interpretation is applied before the courts.

Although many books focus on law and economics, and environmental economics, this is one of the first to combine the two topics in a fully integrated and comprehensive manner. The authors successfully bridge the gap between the disciplines of environmental law and traditional economics in a lucid and highly accessible style. The Economic Analysis of Environmental Policy and Law covers many of the recent advances in the field and attempts to integrate some of the most crucial legal and economic instruments which, in the authors' view, have not yet been subjected to proper analysis. These include zoning, expropriation, licensing, third party liability, safety regulation, mandatory insurance and criminal sanctions. The authors pay particular attention to the interrelationships of these instruments and their various economic effects. Using a comparative law and economics methodology, they are also able to incorporate environmental law with international policy and investigate the many diverse rules of the legal system and their implementation in different countries. Crucially, the authors do not consider economics as the exclusive determinant in legal rule-making. They also highlight the need for ethical considerations and illustrate the potential limitations of pure economic analysis. The book assumes no prior knowledge of economics and will prove informative and rewarding for students of law and the social and natural sciences, especially those with an interest in environmental policy. With an extensive reference list and detailed notes on further reading material, this book will also serve as a stimulating introduction to the discipline of law and economics for environmental, political and legal practitioners.

This book includes every Supreme Court case relevant to gender and sexual equality from the Court's beginnings to the end of the 2000/2001 term. It is a primary document reference book, organized topically in eight chapters: civic and social rights and duties; educational policies and instructions; employment and careers; sexual privacy and procreative rights; morality and sexual ethics; family; gender and sexual orientation; and other issues. Every case is included either as a full (edited) version of the majority or per curium opinion, extensive excerpts of the opinion, or a detailed description of the case. Using this single volume, a researcher can see how American legal history on the topic played out in its entirety. Back matter includes a Table of Cases and an extensive bibliography of books and legal periodicals.

Questions of evidence and proof are fundamental to the operation of substantive law and to our understanding of law as a social practice. The study of evidence involves issues of central concern to feminist scholars,including matters of epistemology, psychology, allocation of risk and responsibility. Debates about evidence, like debates about feminism, involve questioning ideas of rationality and truth, as well as claims to knowledge both by and about men and women. Social constructions of gender are reflected both explicitly and implicitly in evidential rules and in the way in which evidence is received and understood by judges, jurors and magistrates. Feminist evidence scholarship is a relatively new but rapidly developing field. This collection brings together previously unpublished work by feminist legal scholars from different jurisdictions. In these essays, they explore the contributions of feminist theory and methodology to the understanding of the law of evidence.

Compiling a liber amicorum is always a difficult exercise. Not only because it is not easy to choose the authors from amongst the many friends of the one being celebrated, but also because it is often difficult to align the theme and style of the contributions offered. While one friend enjoys collecting amusing, but not always very relevant, memories for the reader, the other exhausts himself/herself in an extensive legal-technical argument. While one contributes to a classical and sometimes segmented theme, the other writes a contribution on a niche topic from an already niche area. This tribute avoids the classic pitfalls and contains contributions that are focused on human rights, in all their diversity, but with a strong emphasis on the European Convention on Human Rights. The aim of the book was to meet the highest academic standards, as Paul Lemmens has always embodied them. The well-renowned group of international authors already guarantees that quality. But this work is also, primarily, a Festschrift, with each contribution having a clear link to Paul Lemmens. Many authors make this link explicit, while others do this more implicitly, by dealing with a theme that they know Paul takes to heart. It is obvious that the contributors express great appreciation of Paul Lemmens. The image of Paul as known and appreciated by his friends and colleagues emerges from the collected contributions: that of an excellent and knowledgeable lawyer, but especially that of a warm and committed person. Few people may know that Judge and Professor Lemmens is a big fan of the American rock star Bruce Springsteen. The (sub) title of this book is gratefully derived from one of his albums, Human Touch. Indeed, there is no better way to describe Paul's relationship with human rights than "Human Rights with a Human Touch".

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the illegal extraction of metals and minerals from the perspectives of organized crime theory, green criminology, anti-corruption studies, and victimology. It includes contributions that focus on organized crime-related offences, such as drug trafficking and trafficking in persons, extortion, corruption and money laundering and sheds light on the serious environmental harms caused by illegal mining. Based on a wide range of case studies from the Amazon rainforest through the Ukrainian flatlands to the desert-like savanna of Central African Republic and Australia's elevated plateaus, this book offers a unique insight into the illegal mining business and the complex relationship between organized crime, corruption, and ecocide. This is the first book-length publication on illegal extraction, trafficking in mined commodities, and ecocide associated with mining. It will appeal to scholars working on organized crime and green crime, including criminologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and legal scholars. Practitioners and the general public may welcome this comprehensive and timely publication to contemplate on resource-scarcity, security, and crime in a rapidly changing world.

A veritable feast of 1,500 quotes from more than 1,000 Supreme Court decisions, this is the first such reference devoted solely to the Supreme Court. Dating from the beginning of the Republic to the present, these excerpts provide a powerful historical overview of the mission and majesty of the Supreme Court. They are topically arranged and cover the legislative, judicial, and executive branches; states' rights; due process; free speech; equal rights; and freedom of religion.

Each entry features the quote -- especially chosen for its profound, compelling, and inspirational nature; the name of the case, primary citation, year, and author; and the kind of decision (dissenting, concurring, or opinion of the Court).

This handbook brings together an international roster of competition law scholars and practitioners to address the issue of sanctions in competition law from all angles. Covering nineteen jurisdictions around the world, the book analyzes the theoretical foundations and practice of sanctioning competition law infringements and, most importantly, cartels. Contributors include a range of experts drawing on criminal law, company law, labor law, human rights, and law and economics, to determine what sanctions are available as a matter of positive law against corporations and individuals, including fines and other criminal, administrative, and civil law sanctions; whether law enforcers are using these sanctions effectively; and if new sanctions - including individual sanctions - should be introduced.

The civil law systems of continental Europe, Latin America and other parts of the world, including Japan, share a common legal heritage derived from Roman law. However, it is an inheritance which has been modified and adapted over the centuries as a result of contact with Germanic legal concepts, the work of jurists in the mediaeval universities, the growth of the canon law of the western Church, the humanist scholarship of the Renaissance and the rationalism of the natural lawyers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This volume provides a critical appreciation of modern civilian systems by examining current rules and structures in the context of their 2,500 year development. It is not a narrative history of civil law, but an historical examination of the forces and influences which have shaped the form and the content of modern codes, as well as the legislative and judicial processes by which they are created are administered.

This book explores pathways to redress for main groups of victims/survivors of the 1992-5 Bosnian war -families of missing persons, victims of torture, survivors of sexual violence, and victims suffering physical disabilities and harm. The author traces the history of redress-making for each of these groups and shows how differently they have been treated by Bosnian authorities at the state and subnational level. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, thousands of war victims have had to suffer re-traumatising ordeals in order to secure partial redress for their suffering during 1992-1995 and after. While some, such as victims of sexual violence, have been legally recognised and offered financial and service-based compensation, others, such as victims of torture, have been recognized only recently with a clear geographical limitation. The main aim of the book is to explore the politics behind recognizing victimhood and awarding redress in a country that has been divided by instrumentalized identity cleavages, widespread patronage and debilitating war legacies. It shows how war victims/survivors navigate such fragmented and challenging public landscape in order to secure their rights.

Legal fictions are falsehoods that the law knowingly relies on. It is the most bizarre feature of our legal system; we know something is false, and we still assume it. But why do we rely on blatant falsehood? What are the implications of doing so? Should we continue to use fictions, and, if not, what is the alternative? Legal Fictions in Private Law answers these questions in an accessible and engaging manner, looking at the history of fictions, the theory of fictions, and current fictions from a practical perspective. It proposes a solution to what to do about fictions going forward, and how to decide whether they should be accepted or rejected. It addresses the latest literature and deals with the law in detail. This book is a comprehensive analysis of legal fictions in private law and a blueprint for reform.

The debate concerning the desirability and modes of harmonisation of European Private Law (EPL) has, until now, been mainly concerned with substantive rules. The link between rules and institutions suggests that governance of both the process of harmonisation and its outcome is necessary. This book covers various perspectives on the challenge of designing governance for EPL: the implications of a multi-level system in terms of competences, the interplay between market integration and regulation, the legitimacy of private law making, the importance of self-regulation, the usefulness of conflict of law rules, the role of intergovernmental institutions, and the aftermath of enlargement. In addressing these, the book's achievements are to successfully link two areas of scholarship that have so far remained separate, EPL and new modes of governance, and to address institutional reforms. The contributions offer different proposals to improve governance: the creation of a European Law institute, the improvement of judicial cooperation among national courts, the use of committees for implementation of EPL. Suggesting practical institutional reforms that can improve the process of Europeanisation of private law, this book will be of great interest to scholars of law, politics, political science, sociology and economics. It will also appeal to policymakers, and members of both European institutions and national institutions dealing with European matters.

Das am 1. Januar 2021 in Kraft getretene chinesische Zivilgesetzbuch (ZGB) bestimmt enthalt zwei datenschutzrechtlich wichtige Vorschriften: Gemass 111 Abs. 1 ZGB wird die persoenliche Information vom Zivilrecht geschutzt und 127 ZGB bietet einen Auslegungsraum fur den Datenschutz. Um die personenbezogenen Daten weiter zu schutzen, erliess China am 1. November 2021 das erste chinesische Datenschutzgesetz. Diese Publikation konzentriert sich im Rahmen von Zivilrecht- und Datenschutzgesetz auf eine rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung uber ein Auslegungsmodell zum Datenschutz und -zugriff im Internetbereich.

This collection critically discusses the increasing significance of Asian States in the field of international investment law and policy. Consisting of contributions authored by a leading team of scholars and practitioners of international investment law, this volume contains analyses of both national and multilateral investment law rule-making in Asia, including a critical discussion of certain States' approaches to balancing the different tension between investment protection and the preservation of States' regulatory sovereignty. It also contains thematic chapters on cutting-edge developments which are of relevance to Asia as well as the global community, such as investors' obligations of due diligence, additional transparency in treaty-based investment arbitration responses by ASEAN member States to transboundary haze pollution, and the relevance of human rights obligations in international investment law. It also contemplates future possibilities for investor-State dispute settlement, including the use of investor-State mediation in view of the Singapore Convention on Mediation.

This is a collection of 1500 quotes from more than 1000 Supreme Court decisions. These excerpts, dating from the beginning of the Republic, are arranged to include the legislative, judicial, and executive branches; states' rights; due process; free speech; equal rights; and freedom of religion.

This is a collection of 1500 quotes from more than 1000 Supreme Court decisions. These excerpts, dating from the beginning of the Republic, are arranged to include the legislative, judicial, and executive branches; states' rights; due process; free speech; equal rights; and freedom of religion.