This is a fresh and stimulating book on new challenges for civil justice. It brings together leading experts from across the world to discuss relevant topics of civil justice from regional, cross-border, international and comparative perspectives. Inter alia, this book will focus on multinational rules and systems of dispute resolution in the era of a global economy, while also exploring accountability and transparency in the course of civil justice. Transnational cooperation in cross-border insolvency, regionalism in the process of recognition and enforcement of foreign titles, and the application of electronic technologies in judicial proceedings, including new types of evidence also play a major role.Technology, the Global Economy and other New Challenges for Civil Justice is a compact and accessible overview of new developments in the field from across the world and written for those with an interest in civil justice.

This book is about those who represent themselves as Litigants in Person in the family justice system. It calls for a refocusing of the debate about the historical challenges associated with Litigants in Person as well as the role they should play within the family justice system in England and Wales. Drawing together interviews with Litigants in Person and decades of research into self-representation from across multiple jurisdictions, this book provides an account of the family justice system through the eyes of its users. It employs an innovative socio-legal framework comprising feminist theory, a Bourdieusian theory of class, vulnerability theory, and actor-network theory to explore the journey that Litigants in Person take through the legal, cultural and social context of the family court. It provides fresh insight into the diverse challenges that people face within this process and how these relate to wider pressures within the family justice system. It argues that there are important lessons to be learned from Litigants in Person. By understanding how and why people come to the point of self-representing, and the kinds of experiences they have when they do, the book advocates the importance of forging a more positive and effective relationship between Litigants in Person and the family justice system.

In this book, leading experts from across the common law world assess the impact of four seminal House of Lords judgments decided in the 1960s: Ridge v Baldwin, Padfeld v Minister of Agriculture, Conway v Rimmer, and Anisminic v Foreign Compensation Commission. The 'Quartet' is generally acknowledged to have marked a turning point in the development of court-centred administrative law, and can be understood as a 'formative moment' in the emergence of modern judicial review. These cases are examined not only in terms of the points each case decided, and their contribution to administrative law doctrine, but also in terms of the underlying conception of the tasks of administrative law implicit in the Quartet. By doing so, the book sheds new light on both the complex processes through which the modern system of judicial review emerged and the constitutional choices that are implicit in its jurisprudence. It further reflects upon the implications of these historical processes for how the achievements, failings and limitations of the common law in reviewing actions of the executive can be evaluated.

Not so long ago, class actions were considered to be a textbook example of American exceptionalism; many of their main features were assumed to be incompatible with the culture of the civil law world. However, the tide is changing; while there are now trends in the USA toward limiting or excluding class actions, notorious cases like Dieselgate are moving more and more European jurisdictions to extend the reach of their judicial collective redress mechanisms. For many new fans of class actions, collective redress has become a Holy Grail of sorts, a miraculous tool that will rejuvenate national systems of civil justice and grant them unprecedented power. Still, while the introduction of various forms of representative action has virtually become a fashion, it is anything but certain that attempting to transplant American-style class action will be successful. European judicial structures and legal culture(s) are fundamentally different, which poses a considerable challenge. This book investigates whether class actions in Europe are indeed a Holy Grail or just another wrong turn in the continuing pursuit of just and effective means of protecting the rights of citizens and businesses. It presents both positive and critical perspectives, supplemented by case studies on the latest collectivization trends in Europe's national civil justice systems. The book also shares the experiences of some non-European jurisdictions that have developed promising hybrid forms of collective redress, such as Canada, Brazil, China, and South Africa. In closing, a selection of topical international cases that raise interesting issues regarding the effectiveness of class actions in an international context are studied and discussed.

The civil justice system is characterized by a distinct dispute resolution and law enforcement functions, although these functions are not always explicit and their relationship can be vague. People normally turn to this legal system to address an ""unjust"" situation they encounter. This makes civil justice both socially and economically important, as it may be driven by efficiency or access to justice concerns. The literature suggests that law reform has an uninspiring record in this field. This is because it has, largely, not been considered with a detailed, empirically informed evaluation of proposed solutions. This legal system is complex, and research in this field is correspondingly challenging, interesting, and important. The Handbook of Research on Civil Justice provides significant empirical research findings as well as theoretical reviews and frameworks on a wide array of issues within civil justice and the legal system. This includes topic areas such as access to justice and legal representation, the challenges to developing civil justice, courts and procedures, and civil justice reform. This book is valuable for lawyers, human rights lawyers, court officials, psychologists, social workers, sociologists, consultants, professionals, academicians, students, and researchers working in the field of law, socio-legal studies, sociology, anthropology, political science, social work, social policy, economics, and criminal justice, along with anyone seeking updated information on the current reforms and challenges within the civil justice and legal systems.

Goff & Jones is the leading work on the law of unjust enrichment. Successive editions have played a major role in establishing the central importance of the subject for private and commercial lawyers and developing its key concepts and principles. The text is comprehensive in coverage and written by highly respected scholars who explain all of the rules governing claims in unjust enrichment and discuss how these have been applied through detailed examination of the case-law. The book is frequently cited in courts throughout the Commonwealth and continues to signpost future developments in the field. The new 10th edition is completely up-to-date and contains detailed discussion of important decisions since the last edition. Several chapters have been wholly or substantially rewritten to take account of significant new cases, and their impact on topics including the recovery of benefits from remote recipients, the recovery of benefits transferred on a condition that fails, the recovery of ultra vires payments by public bodies, the limitation rules governing claims in unjust enrichment and interest awards on such claims. The 10th edition deals with the following six key matters in relation to making a claim: Explains how a claim in unjust enrichment can be precluded where a defendant's enrichment is mandated by a statute, judgment, natural obligation, or contract Analyses the principles governing the identification and valuation of enrichment, and explains how these apply to claims for different types of benefit Considers the requirement that a defendant's gain has been acquired at the claimant's expense Discusses the different grounds for restitution: lack of consent and want of authority; mistake; duress; undue influence and unconscionable bargains; failure of basis; free acceptance; necessity; secondary liability; ultra vires receipts and payments by public bodies; etc Examines defences including change of position; ministerial receipt; bona fide purchase; estoppel; counter-restitution impossible; passing on; limitation; legal incapacity; illegality Details the personal and proprietary remedies for unjust enrichment The new edition contains detailed discussion of the following cases of major importance: Investment Trust Companies (in liq.) v HMRC [2018] A.C. 275 (exclusion of unjust enrichment by statute; enrichment acquired "at the claimant's expense"); Swynson Ltd v Lowick Rose LLP (in liq.) [2018] A.C. 313 (enrichment acquired "at the claimant's expense"; subrogation); Littlewoods Retail Ltd v HMRC (No.2) [2018] A.C. 869 (exclusion of unjust enrichment by statute); Prudential Assurance Co Ltd v HMRC [2019] A.C. 929 (enrichment acquired "at the claimant's expense"); Vodafone Ltd v Office of Communications [2020] Q.B. 857 (counterfactual arguments against Woolwich claims); Test Claimants in the FII Group Litigation v HMRC [2022] A.C. 1 (limitation rules governing claims founded on mistake); Test Claimants in the FII Group Litigation v HMRC [2021] 1 W.L.R. 4354 ("netting off" of defendant's gains and losses; interest awards) Pakistan International Airline Corp v Times Travel (UK) Ltd [2021] 3 W.L.R. 727 (lawful act duress). School Facility Management Ltd v Christ the King College [2021] 1 W.L.R. 6129 (counter-restitution and change of position); Samsoondar v Capital Insurance Co Ltd [2021] 2 All E.R. 1105 (pleading of unjust enrichment claims); Dargamo Holdings Ltd v Avonwick Holdings Ltd [2022] 1 All E.R. (Comm.) 1244 (failure of basis; relation between contract and unjust enrichment)

This book examines the practice of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) as it stands today in the context of matrimonial disputes and for providing gender justice for women undergoing matrimonial litigation. ADR is a fairly recent but increasingly prevalent phenomenon that has significantly evolved due to the failure of the adversarial process of litigation to provide timely resolution of disputes. The book explores the merit and demerit of traditional litigation process and emergence, socio-legal framework, work environment and success rate of various ADR processes in general and for resolving matrimonial disputes in particular. It comprehensively discusses the role of various institutions and attitudes and perceptions of ADR practitioners. It analyzes the influence of patriarchal cultural assumptions of appropriate feminine behaviour and its effect on ADR practitioners like mediators and counsellors that leads to the marginalization of aggrieved woman's issues. With a brief analysis of the experience and challenges faced with the way the ADR process is conducted, the focus is on probing the vulnerability of aggrieved women. The book critiques the practice of ADR as it is today and offers constructive ways forward by providing suggestions, insights, and analysis that could bring about a transformation in the way justice is delivered to women. This in-depth study is an attempt to guide decision making by bringing forth and legitimizing the battered women's voice which often goes unrepresented, in the debate about the efficacy of ADR mechanism in resolving matrimonial disputes. The book is of interest to those working for justice for women, particularly in the context of matrimonial disputes -- legal professionals, mediators, counsellors, judges, academicians, women rights activists, researchers in the field of gender and women studies, social work and law, ADR educators, policymakers and general readers who are inclined and interested in bringing a gender perspective to their area of work.