By canvassing a range of international scientific disputes, including the EC-Biotech and EC-Hormones disputes in the WTO, the case concerning Pulp Mills and the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros case in the International Court of Justice, and the Mox Plant and Land Reclamation cases dealt with under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Caroline Foster examines how the precautionary principle can be accommodated within the rules about proof and evidence and advises on the boundary emerging between the roles of experts and tribunals. A new form of reassessment proceedings for use in exceptional cases is proposed. Breaking new ground, this book seeks to advance international adjudicatory practice by contextualising developments in the taking of expert evidence and analysing the justification of and potential techniques for a precautionary reversal of the burden of proof, as well as methods for dealing with important scientific discoveries subsequent to judgements and awards.

Assisting you each step of the way, Snell's Equity provides in-depth commentary and analysis of the law of equity and offers interpretation of how the different rules can be applied to property. SNELL'S EQUITY: Deals with equitable principles and remedies and their application in trusts, probate and mortgages showing how equity can be used to help solve clients' problems Examines the nature of equity and the maxims of equity, clearly setting out the general principles Arranged by topics in which equity is used, offering expert interpretation of equity rules and how they can be applied in the different situations Discusses dealings with equity including assignments of choses in action, and priorities showing how equity works in practice Analyses the five ancient equitable doctrines of conversion, reconversion, election, performance and satisfaction setting out the different ways in which equity can provide a remedy Assesses the situation in which equity has intervened to safeguard those who, by their status or circumstance are in need of protection illustrating how equity can be used in different client situations Considers a wide range of equitable remedies offering a choice of solutions to apply to your clients' problems HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS NEW EDITION: Fiduciary chapter covers the Court of Appeal decisions in Sinclair v Versailles, FHR v Mankarious and also Ranson v Customer Systems, as well as Newey J's judgment in Vivendi v Richards. The chapter also comments on the HCA judgment in Howard v Commissioner of Taxation, and the FCAFC decision in Grimaldi v Chameleon Chapters on security covers the Supreme Court decision in Szepietowski and the Court of Appeal decision in Khans v Chifuntwe The Supreme Court's decision in FHR v Cedar Capital (on appeal from the Mankarious decision) Updating of citations to reflect the consolidation in the Charities Act 2011 The chapter on breach of trust is rewritten to include the effect of the Supreme Court decision in Williams v Central Bank of Nigeria, which considers the effect of limitation on claims for dishonest assistance in breach of trust Coverage of Marley v Rawlings on rectification of wills Implications of Coventry v Lawrence on the availability of injunctive relief for claims in nuisance Expansion of the Penalties and Forfeitures chapter due to significant recent developments Statutory changes brought about by the Trusts (Income and Capital) Act 2013 and the Inheritance and Trustees' Powers Act 2014 The first supplement brings the 33rd edition up-to-date with the most recent case law and legislation. SNELL'S EQUITY: Deals with equitable principles and remedies and their application in trusts, probate and mortgages showing how equity can be used to help solve clients' problems Examines the nature of equity and the maxims of equity, clearly setting out the general principles Arranged by topics in which equity is used, offering expert interpretation of equity rules and how they can be applied in the different situations Discusses dealings with equity including assignments of choses in action, and priorities showing how equity works in practice Analyses the five ancient equitable doctrines of conversion, reconversion, election, performance and satisfaction setting out the different ways in which equity can provide a remedy Assesses the situation in which equity has intervened to safeguard those who, by their status or circumstance are in need of protection illustrating how equity can be used in different client situations Considers a wide range of equitable remedies offering a choice of solutions to apply to your clients' problems

Exploring Private Law presents a collection of essays, by leading scholars from across the world, on private law doctrines, remedies, and methods. The overarching purpose of the collection, inspired by recent debate, is to celebrate and illustrate the contribution that both top-down' and bottom-up' methods of reasoning make to the development of private law. With that purpose in mind, the contributors to the collection explore a range of topics of current interest: judicial approaches to top-down' and bottom-up' methods; teaching trusts law; the protection of privacy in private law; the development of the law of unjust enrichment; the private law consequences of theft; equity's jurisdiction to relieve against forfeiture; the nature of fiduciary relationships and obligations; the duties of trustees; compensation and disgorgement remedies; partial rescission; the role of unconscionability in proprietary estoppel; and the nature of registered title to land.

Following the massive overhaul of legislation on the subject of redundancy and unfair dismissal in recent years, this is a growing area of interest for any practitioner working in employment law How should your clients select for redundancy? What pool should they use? In general, how can they stay within the law and good practice, and avoid litigation? Redundancy: The Law and Practice explores redundancy law in England and Wales from a practical and analytical standpoint, comprehensively covering individual redundancy, unfair dismissal, contractual redundancy schemes, discrimination, voluntary severance arrangements, and collective redundancies Now in its fourth edition, this book has been revised to accommodate the wealth of case law that has been generated since the publication of the third edition, including core cases such as USA v Nolan [2014] (on the question when an employer should start redundancy consultation); USDAW v WW Realisation 1 Limited (for the outcome of the 'Woolworths' litigation and the meaning of establishment for collective redundancy purposes); and all critical caselaw on unfair dismissal, such as Halpin v Sandpiper Books Ltd, Fulcrum Pharma (Europe) Ltd v Bonaserra, and Mefful v Merton and Lambeth Citizens Advice Bureau. Additionally, all changes in legislation and statute law, such as the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (Amendment) Order 2013, have been updated, with additional material on sex discrimination and maternity leave, unfair dismissal, and collective redundancies - bringing this edition fully up to date With more practical tools such as precedents, checklists, and guidance, Redundancy: The Law and Practice is an invaluable resource for practitioners working in employment law

This essay by Thomas Arnold Herbert, first published in 1891, deals with the history of prescription in English law, analogous to the more commonly known statute of limitations. Herbert won the prestigious Yorke Prize in 1890 for a longer version of this essay, which was then reduced by the author to a more specific treatise on this aspect of the history of law. This is a highly informative essay on the evolution of an important aspect of English jurisdiction and is well supplied with a list of the relevant case law.

This 2007 book assists the practitioner seeking to enforce a foreign judgment in the United States or a US-rendered judgment abroad in navigating the lack of procedural uniformity that exists and in planning strategies likely to ensure effective enforcement. As a handbook, it provides the practitioner with a framework and resources with which to approach and further research the laws of the relevant state or country. In Part One, the guide takes the practitioner chronologically through the process of obtaining a US court's recognition and enforcement of judgments rendered abroad. Part Two takes the practitioner through the process of obtaining an overseas jurisdiction's recognition and enforcement of judgments rendered in the United States. Part Three assesses the current trends in the US and in the international trade environment regarding enforcement of judgments which may be made by foreign courts.

This book considers foreign investment flows in major Asian economies. It critically assesses the patterns and issues involved in the substantive law and policy environment which impact on investment flows, as well as the related dispute resolution law and practice. The book combines insights from international law and comparative study and is attentive to the socio-economic contexts and competing theories of the role of law in Asia. Contributions come from both academics with considerable practical expertise and legal practitioners with strong academic backgrounds. The chapters analyze the law and practice of investment treaties and FDI regimes in Asia looking specifically at developments in Japan, India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Korea and Vietnam. The book explores the impact of the Asian Financial Crisis in the late 1990s and the Global Financial Crisis a decade later, examining actual trends and policy debates relating to FDI and capital flows in Asia before and after those upheavals. Foreign Investment and Dispute Resolution: Law and Practice in Asia is a valuable resource for practitioners, academics and students of International and Comparative Law, Business and Finance Law, Business, Finance and Asian Studies.

This volume analyzes whether China's thirty years of legal reform have taken root in Chinese society by examining how ordinary citizens are using the legal system in contemporary China. It is an interdisciplinary look at law in action and at legal institutions from the bottom up, that is, beginning with those at the ground level that are using and working in the legal system. It explores the emergent Chinese conception of justice one that seeks to balance Chinese tradition, socialist legacies, and the needs of the global market. Given the political dimension of dispute resolution in creating, settling, and changing social norms, this volume contributes to a greater understanding of political and social change in China today and of the process of legal reform generally.

A Practical Approach to Alternative Dispute Resolution provides a comprehensive and easily digestible commentary on all of the major areas of out-of-court dispute resolution. Designed to support teaching and learning on the Bar Professional Training Course, it will also be of interest to practitioners who are looking for a clear exposition of the range of ADR processes. Written by an authoritative and highly respected author team, this book contains a range of features designed to enhance the reader's understanding of the key points, including sample documentation, flow diagrams, tables, further resources, and examples drawn from a range of different types of practice. Now in its fifth edition, this book has established itself as a go-to reference on ADR. Online resources - Updates to cases and procedures - Useful links for each chapter - Diagrams and figures from the book

'Focused content, layout and price - Routledge competes and wins in relation to all of these factors' - Craig Lind, University of Sussex, UK 'The best value and best format books on the market.' - Ed Bates, Southampton University, UK Routledge Student Statutes present all the legislation students need in one easy-to-use volume. Developed in response to feedback from lecturers and students, this book offer a fully up-to-date, comprehensive, and clearly presented collection of legislation - ideal for LLB and GDL course and exam use. Routledge Student Statutes are: * Exam Friendly: un-annotated and conforming to exam regulations * Tailored to fit your course: 80% of lecturers we surveyed agree that Routledge Student Statutes match their course and cover the relevant legislation * Trustworthy: Routledge Student Statutes are compiled by subject experts, updated annually and have been developed to meet student needs through extensive market research * Easy to use: a clear text design, comprehensive table of contents, multiple indexes and highlighted amendments to the law make these books the most student-friendly Statutes on the market Competitively Priced: Routledge Student Statutes offer content and usability rated as good or better than our major competitor, but at a more competitive price * Supported by a Companion Website: presenting scenario questions for interpreting Statutes, annotated web links, and multiple-choice questions, these resources are designed to help students to be confident and prepared.

'Focused content, layout and price - Routledge competes and wins in relation to all of these factors' - Craig Lind, University of Sussex, UK 'The best value and best format books on the market.' - Ed Bates, Southampton University, UK Routledge Student Statutes are: * Exam Friendly: un-annotated and conforming to exam regulations * Tailored to fit your course: 80% of lecturers we surveyed agree that Routledge Student Statutes match their course and cover the relevant legislation * Trustworthy: Routledge Student Statutes are compiled by subject experts, updated annually and have been developed to meet student needs through extensive market research * Easy to use: a clear text design, comprehensive table of contents, multiple indexes and highlighted amendments to the law make these books the most student-friendly Statutes on the market Competitively Priced: Routledge Student Statutes offer content and usability rated as good or better than our major competitor, but at a more competitive price * Supported by a Companion Website: presenting scenario questions for interpreting Statutes, annotated web links, and multiple-choice questions, these resources are designed to help students to be confident and prepared.

This edition is an affordable, all-purpose resource designed to support any classroom text. It provides up-to-date versions of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rules of Procedure of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation, habeas corpus rules, Rules of the Supreme Court of the United States, Federal Rules of Evidence, and the U.S. Constitution. Pending rule amendments are presented through interlineation, permitting users to see the pending amendments as a markup to the text of the current rules.

This book primarily provides assistance to litigators who find themselves acting for or against firms in contentious regulatory matters. The material covered is broad in that it covers matters of civil, criminal, administrative, and public law. It is also highly focused in that it is intended to act as a practical handbook for litigators; detailed explanations are given of practice, procedure, evidence, and remedies at the expense of general commentary on the non-contentious aspects of financial regulation. The book starts with two chapters that are primarily contextual. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the UK financial regulators whilst paying particular attention to the relationships between them and the ways in which those interactions can pose problems for litigators and the firms they represent. Chapter 2 summarises the authorisation process and its procedures, as well as the Senior Managers and Certification Regime. In both cases, it provides practical advice for firms and individuals in composing and submitting applications for authorisation and approval. Chapter 3 deals with the increasingly important topic of investigations and information gathering. It pays particular attention to the settlement of investigations and the FCA's procedures for determining discounts. The heart of this book is found in Chapters 4-7, which cover the various forums in which firms can be challenged for failing to adhere to regulatory standards. Unlike many works dealing with financial services regulation, which so often seem to focus on civil liability, this book aspires to be equally helpful to the criminal litigator. Criminal liability is therefore split in two. Chapter 4 covers practice, procedure, and evidence. Chapter 5 covers the substantive offences, defences, and sentencing. Civil liability is found in Chapters 6 and 7. Civil enforcement action taken by regulators, including RDC procedure, penalties, and an analysis of the basis and scope of the raft of potential remedies available to the regulator, are covered in Chapter 6. Individual action by investors and consumers is considered in Chapter 7 alongside wider legal principles that may come into play such as litigation. This chapter for the first time includes a detailed analysis of the types of claims often encountered by firms, including case studies on PPI and interest rate hedging products. Redress, complaints, the Financial Ombudsman Service, and relevant procedure are analysed in Chapter 8. Finally, Chapter 9 provides an overview of the independent methods of challenging regulators, including judicial review and the Financial Services Complaints Commissioner.

Many construction conflicts and disputes are not limited to particular jurisdictions or cultures, but are increasingly becoming common across the industry worldwide. This book is an invaluable guide to international construction law, written by a team of experts and focusing on the following national systems: Australia, Canada, China, England and Wales, Estonia, Hong Kong, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Oman, Portugal, Quebec, Romania, Scotland, Sweden, Switzerland, and the USA. The book provides a consistent and rigorous analysis of each national system as well as the necessary tools for managing conflict and resolving disputes on construction projects.

What, exactly, is private property? Or, to ask the question another way, what rights to intrude does the public have in what is generally accepted as private property? The answer, perhaps surprisingly to some, is that the public has not only a significant interest in regulating the use of private property but also in defining it, and establishing its contour and texture. In The Public Nature of Private Property, therefore, scholars from the United States and the United Kingdom challenge traditional conceptions of private property while presenting a range of views on both the meaning of private property, and on the ability, some might say the requirement, of the state to regulate it.

This collection brings together some of the most eminent and exciting authors researching family responsibilities to examine understandings of the day to day responsibilities which people undertake within families and the role of the law in the construction of those understandings. The authors explore a range of questions fundamental to our understanding of 'responsibility' in family life: To whom, and to what ends, are family members responsible? Is responsibility primarily a matter of care? Can we fulfil our family responsibilities by paying those to whom we owe responsibility? Or by paying others to fulfil our caring obligations for us? In each of these circumstances the chapters in this collection explore what it means to have family responsibilities, what constitutes an adequate performance of such responsibilities and the point at which the state intervenes. At the heart of this collection is an interest in the way in which the changing family affects people's perception and exercise their family responsibilities, and how the law attempts to regulate (and understand) those responsibilities. The essays range across intact and separated or fragmented families, from lone and shared parenting in single homes to caring across households (and even across international boundaries) to reflect on the actual caring responsibilities of family members and on the fulfilment of financial responsibilities in families. This collection seeks to advance our understanding of the attempts of the law, and its limits, in regulating the responsibilities which family members take for each other.

International Commercial and Marine Arbitration analyses and compares commercial-martime arbitration in a number of different legal systems including the US, the UK, Greece and Belgium. The book examines the role of the courts in arbitration in each of these countries, making reference to the latest case law, and also makes extensive reference to French, German, Italian, Austrian, Swiss and Netherlands law. Tracing the historical emergence of the modern system of commercial arbitration Georgios Zekos then goes on to present ways in which the current process of arbitration can be developed in order to make them more effective.

This volume analyzes whether China's thirty years of legal reform have taken root in Chinese society by examining how ordinary citizens are using the legal system in contemporary China. It is an interdisciplinary look at law in action and at legal institutions from the bottom up, that is, beginning with those at the ground level that are using and working in the legal system. It explores the emergent Chinese conception of justice one that seeks to balance Chinese tradition, socialist legacies, and the needs of the global market. Given the political dimension of dispute resolution in creating, settling, and changing social norms, this volume contributes to a greater understanding of political and social change in China today and of the process of legal reform generally.

Grounded in interpretive theory and offering interdisciplinary insights from sociological, psychological, and gender studies, this book addresses the question - How do professional, lay, and gendered actors understand and experience case processing in litigation and mediation? Drawing on data from 131 interviews, questionnaires, and observations of plaintiffs, defendants, lawyers, and mediators involved in 64 fatality and medical injury cases, the book challenges dominant understandings of how formal legal processes and dispute resolution work in practice as well as the notion that disputants and their representatives broadly understand and want the same things during case processing. In juxtaposing actors' discourse on all sides of ongoing cases on issues such as expectations, needs, comprehensions of what plaintiffs seek from the legal system, objectives for resolving conflict at mediation, and perceptions of what occurs during attempts at case resolution, the findings reveal inherent problems with the core workings of the legal system. By providing in-depth views on the micro-elements of case processing, the book uncovers important issues about formal and informal justice, the inextricability of disputants' legal and often overriding extra-legal needs, and current paradigms relating to professional, lay, and gendered identities. This book is unique in examining and understanding the workings of the legal system through juxtaposing lawyers', plaintiffs', defendants' and mediators' perceptions of litigation and mediation in ongoing litigated cases. This has not been done before, as access difficulties are immeasurable * The book adds to the paucity of in-depth empirical data from plaintiffs and defendants themselves on their motivations, perceptions and extra-legal agendas during litigation and mediation. The findings additionally offer insight into how female and male lawyers practice law, and how female and male plaintiffs and defendants experience legal processes.

In The Law of Evidence in Victorian England, which was originally published in 1997, Christopher Allen provides a fascinating account of the political, social and intellectual influences on the development of evidence law during the Victorian period. His book sets out to challenge the traditional view of the significance of Jeremy Bentham's critique of the state of contemporary evidence law, and shows how statutory reforms were achieved for reasons that had little to do with Bentham's radical programme, and how evidence law was developed by common law judges in a way diametrically opposed to that advocated by Bentham. Dr Allen's meticulous account provides a wealth of detail into the functioning of courts in Victorian England, and will appeal to everyone interested in the English legal system during this period.

This edited volume is a timely and insightful contribution to the growing discourses on public law in Asia. Surveying many important jurisdictions in Asia including mainland China, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, the book addresses recent developments and experiences in the field of public interest litigation. The book offers a comparative perspective on public law, asking crucial questions about the role of the state and how private citizens around Asia have increasingly used the forms, procedures and substance of public law to advance public and political aims.

In addition to addressing specific jurisdictions in Asia, the book includes a helpful and introduction that highlights regional trends in Asia. In the jurisdictions profiled, transnational public interest litigation trends have commingled with local dynamics. This volume sheds light on how that commingling has produced both legal developments that cut across Asian jurisdictions as well as developments that are unique to each of the jurisdictions studied.

This book examines the law reforms of contemporary China in light of the Party-state's ideological transformation and the political economy that shapes these reforms. This involves analysing three interrelated domains: law reform, power and wealth. The contributors to this volume employ a variety of perspectives and analytical techniques in their discussion of key themes including: commercial law reform and its governance of wealth and regulation of economic activity; the influence and authority of the Party-state over China's economic activity; and the influence of wealth and the wealthy in economic governance and legal reform.

Utilizing an interdisciplinary approach, this book presents analytical perspectives of new work, or new lines of thinking about the new wealth, power and law reforms of China. As such, critical boundaries are explored between legal and financial reforms and what these reforms signify about deeper ideological, economic, social and cultural transformations in China. The book concludes by asking whether there is a 'China model' of development which will produce a unique variety of capitalism and indigenous variant of rule of law, and examining the 'winners and losers' in the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy.

Law, Wealth and Power in China will be of interest to students and academics of comparative law, Asian law, Chinese economics and politics, Chinese Studies, as well as professionals in investment banking, finance and government.