In this book, 17 experts in magnetic recording focus on the underlying physical mechanisms that play crucial roles in medium and transducer development for high areal density disk drives. In 11 chapters, an examination is made of the fundamental physical concepts and their impact on recording mechanisms, with special emphasis on thin-film longitudinal, perpendicular, patterned and nanoparticle media. Theoretical and experimental investigations are presented which serve to enhance our basic understanding of thin-film dynamics, medium dynamics and thermal effects. Fundamental aspects of magnetotransport are discussed and an overview is given of recording head designs.

Communication Systems: The State of the Art captures the depth and breadth of the field of communication systems:

-Architectures and Protocols for Distributed Systems;
-Network and Internetwork Architectures;
-Performance of Communication Systems;
-Internet Applications Engineering;
-Management of Networks and Distributed Systems;
-Smart Networks;
-Wireless Communications;
-Communication Systems for Developing Countries;
-Photonic Networking;
-Communication Systems in Electronic Commerce. This volume's scope and authority present a rare opportunity for people in many different fields to gain a practical understanding of where the leading edge in communication systems lies today-and where it will be tomorrow.

Mobile communications are about to enter the third stage in their development, widely known as 3G. This will bring always-on Internet access to mobile devices. This book investigates the history of mobile communications and explores the technological background to 3G in a user-friendly manner. It examines the licensing process throughout the world, and draws conclusions about the prospects for 3G through a comprehensive analysis of the issues that have been raised so far.

Stochastic processes are found in probabilistic systems that evolve with time. Discrete stochastic processes change by only integer time steps (for some time scale), or are characterized by discrete occurrences at arbitrary times. Discrete Stochastic Processes helps the reader develop the understanding and intuition necessary to apply stochastic process theory in engineering, science and operations research. The book approaches the subject via many simple examples which build insight into the structure of stochastic processes and the general effect of these phenomena in real systems. The book presents mathematical ideas without recourse to measure theory, using only minimal mathematical analysis. In the proofs and explanations, clarity is favored over formal rigor, and simplicity over generality. Numerous examples are given to show how results fail to hold when all the conditions are not satisfied. Audience: An excellent textbook for a graduate level course in engineering and operations research. Also an invaluable reference for all those requiring a deeper understanding of the subject.

Radar Principles for the Non-specialist, Third Edition continues its popular tradition: to distil the very complex technology of radar into its fundamentals, tying them to the laws of nature on one end and to the most modern and complex systems on the other. It starts with electromagnetic propagation, describes a radar of the utmost simplicity, and derives the radar range equation from that simple radar. Once the radar range equation is available, the book attacks the meaning of each term in it, moving through antennas, detection and tracking, radar cross-sections, waveforms and signal processing, and systems applications. At the finish, the reader should be able to do an acceptable, first order radar design and to critique the design of others. Students, engineers, scientists and managers will benefit from this book. The more noticeable enhancements to the third edition are the additions of equation numbers, more numerical examples, tables and figures showing many of the concepts numerically, and exercises for almost all of the concepts. These enhancements make the book easier to learn from and easier to teach out of.

Optical networks have been in commercial deployment since the early 1980s as a result of advances in optical, photonic, and material technologies. Although the initial deployment was based on silica ?ber with a single wavelength modulated at low data rates, it was quickly demonstrated that ?ber can deliver much more bandwidth than any other transmission medium, twisted pair wire, coaxial cable, or wireless. Since then, the optical network evolved to include more exciting technologies, gratings, optical ?lters, optical multiplexers, and optical ampli?ers so that today a single ?ber can transport an unprecedented aggregate data rate that exceeds Tbps, and this is not the upper limit yet. Thus, the ?ber optic network has been the network of choice, and it is expected to remain so for many generationsto come, for both synchronousand asynchronouspayloads; voice, data, video, interactive video, games, music, text, and more. In the last few years, we have also witnessed an increase in network attacks as a result of store andforwardcomputer-basednodes. These attackshave manymaliciousobjectives: harvestsomeone else's data, impersonate another user, cause denial of service, destroy ?les, and more. As a result, a new ?eld in communicationis becomingimportant, communicationnetworksand informationse- rity. In fact, the network architect and system designer is currently challenged to include enhanced features such as intruder detection, service restoration and countermeasures, intruder avoidance, and so on. In all, the next generation optical network is intelligent and able to detect and outsmart malicious intruders.

Algorithmic discrete mathematics plays a key role in the development of information and communication technologies, and methods that arise in computer science, mathematics and operations research in particular in algorithms, computational complexity, distributed computing and optimization are vital to modern services such as mobile telephony, online banking and VoIP.

This book examines communication networking from a mathematical viewpoint. The contributing authors took part in the European COST action 293 a four-year program of multidisciplinary research on this subject. In this book they offer introductory overviews and state-of-the-art assessments of current and future research in the fields of broadband, optical, wireless and ad hoc networks. Particular topics of interest are design, optimization, robustness and energy consumption.

The book will be of interest to graduate students, researchers and practitioners in the areas of networking, theoretical computer science, operations research, distributed computing and mathematics."

For upper-level undergraduate courses in deterministic and stochastic signals and system engineering An Integrative Approach to Signals, Systems and Inference Signals, Systems and Inference is a comprehensive text that builds on introductory courses in time- and frequency-domain analysis of signals and systems, and in probability. Directed primarily to upper-level undergraduates and beginning graduate students in engineering and applied science branches, this new textbook pioneers a novel course of study. Instead of the usual leap from broad introductory subjects to highly specialised advanced subjects, this engaging and inclusive text creates a study track for a transitional course. Properties and representations of deterministic signals and systems are reviewed and elaborated on, including group delay and the structure and behavior of state-space models. The text also introduces and interprets correlation functions and power spectral densities for describing and processing random signals. Application contexts include pulse amplitude modulation, observer-based feedback control, optimum linear filters for minimum mean-square-error estimation, and matched filtering for signal detection. Model-based approaches to inference are emphasised, in particular for state estimation, signal estimation, and signal detection.

This book discusses various aspects of cloud computing, in which trust and fault-tolerance models are included in a multilayered, cloud architecture. The authors present a variety of trust and fault models used in the cloud, comparing them based on their functionality and the layer in the cloud to which they respond. Various methods are discussed that can improve the performance of cloud architectures, in terms of trust and fault-tolerance, while providing better performance and quality of service to user. The discussion also includes new algorithms that overcome drawbacks of existing methods, using a performance matrix for each functionality. This book provide readers with an overview of cloud computing and how trust and faults in cloud datacenters affects the performance and quality of service assured to the users. Discusses fundamental issues related to trust and fault-tolerance in Cloud Computing; Describes trust and fault management techniques in multi layered cloud architecture to improve security, reliability and performance of the system; Includes methods to enhance power efficiency and network efficiency, using trust and fault based resource allocation.

Emerging Technologies in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks: Applications and Future Development provides the rationale, state-of-the-art studies and practical applications, proof-of-concepts, experimental studies, and future development on the use of emerging technologies in wireless ad-hoc networks. In addition, this work explores emerging wireless ad hoc technologies based on communication coverage areas: body sensor networks, personal area networks, local area networks, and metropolitan area networks and their applications in critical sectors, for example, agriculture, environment, public health and public transportation.

Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding discusses the matter of optimizing (or negotiating) the data rate of compressed digital video and its quality, which has been a relatively neglected topic in either side of image/video coding and tele-traffic management. Video rate management becomes a technically challenging task since it is required to maintain a certain video quality regardless of the availability of transmission or storage media. This is caused by the broadband nature of digital video and inherent algorithmic features of mainstream video compression schemes, e.g. H.261, H.263 and MPEG series. In order to maximize the media utilization and to enhance video quality, the data rate of compressed video should be regulated within a budget of available media resources while maintaining the video quality as high as possible. In Part I (Chapters 1 to 4) the non-stationarity of digital video is discussed. Since the non-stationary nature is also inherited from algorithmic properties of international video coding standards, which are a combination of statistical coding techniques, the video rate management techniques of these standards are explored. Although there is a series of known video rate control techniques, such as picture rate variation, frame dropping, etc., these techniques do not view the matter as an optimization between rate and quality. From the view of rate-quality optimization, the quantizer is the sole means of controling rate and quality. Thus, quantizers and quantizer control techniques are analyzed, based on the relationship of rate and quality. In Part II (Chapters 5 and 6), as a coherent approach to non-stationary video, established but still thriving nonlinear techniques are applied to video rate-quality optimization such as artificial neural networks including radical basis function networks, and fuzzy logic-based schemes. Conventional linear techniques are also described before the nonlinear techniques are explored. By using these nonlinear techniques, it is shown how they influence and tackle the rate-quality optimization problem. Finally, in Chapter 7 rate-quality optimization issues are reviewed in emerging video communication applications such as video transcoding and mobile video. This chapter discusses some new issues and prospects of rate and quality control in those technology areas. Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding is an excellent reference and can be used for advanced courses on the topic.

The multielement systems have been widely used in many fields of astron omy and radio science in the last decades. This is caused by the increasing demands on the resolution and sensitivity of such systems over the wide range of the electromagnetic wavelengths, from gamma up to radio. The ground-based optical and radio interferometers, gamma-ray and X-ray or bital telescopes, antenna arrays of radio telescopes and also some other radio devices belong to scientific instruments using multielement systems. There fore, the current problems of the optimal construction of such systems, or precisely, those of searching for the best arrangement of the elements in them, were formulated. A rather large number of scientific papers, including those of the authors, is devoted to these problems, and we believe that the time has come to integrate the basic results of the papers into the mono graph. The offered book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the optimal synthesis of optical and radio interferometers of various types and purposes; the synthesis of non-equidistant antenna arrays is con sidered in the second part; and the methods for the construction of coded masks for X-ray and gamma-ray orbital telescopes are expounded in the third one. Since in the text combinatorial constructions which are little known to astronomers are used, the necessary information is given in the appendices. Various tables containing the parameters of the systems consid ered are also represented."

Mobile computing is one of the biggest issues of computer technology, science and industry today. This book looks at the requirements of developing mobile computing systems and the challenges they pose to computer designers. It examines the requirements of mobile computing hardware, infrastructure and communications services. Information security and the data protection aspects of design are considered, together with telecommunications facilities for linking up to the worldwide computer infrastructure. The book also considers the mobility of computer users versus the portability of the equipment. The text also examines current applications of mobile computing in the public sector and future innovative applications.

Market: Engineers and researchers in neural networks, image processing, audio/speech, and medical imaging. This book begins by focusing on the theoretical aspect of pattern recognition and introduces an integrated pattern recognition paradigm, which combines preprocessing, low dimensional signal characterization, feature optimization, and mapping classifier architecture to good features in a seamless fashion. Later, the authors reinforce the concepts of pattern recognition and prediction with challenging real- world examples, encompassing financial market prediction, image coding, active and passive sonar processing, chaos modeling, and intelligent product design.

The new multimedia standards (for example, MPEG-21) facilitate the seamless integration of multiple modalities into interoperable multimedia frameworks, transforming the way people work and interact with multimedia data. These key technologies and multimedia solutions interact and collaborate with each other in increasingly effective ways, contributing to the multimedia revolution and having a significant impact across a wide spectrum of consumer, business, healthcare, education and governmental domains. This book aims to provide a complete coverage of the areas outlined and to bring together the researchers from academic and industry as well as practitioners to share ideas, challenges and solutions relating to the multifaceted aspects of this field.

This manual seeks to help the reader grasp the fundamentals of satellite communications and related disciplines by explaining the underpinnings, introducing key personalities, and probing emerging issues. Starting with the basics, the authors introduce key topics such as orbital mechanics, electromagnetic theory, and atmospheric effects on signals, earth stations, digital communication, and video compression. The accompanying CD-ROM allows practical calculations such as rain attenuation and radio link budgets.

The contents of this book are an expanded treatment of a set of presentations given at the first IEEE Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects held Trnvemiindc, Germany, May 14- 16, 1997. Traditional VLSI-based cost and complexity measures have principally incolved transistor counts and chip area. Yet with the increase in clock frequency transistor has become an issue of major concern" At present the emergence of systems on silicon feces designers with a new challenge: how to guarantee signal integrity while propagating high signals between embedded cores on a Thus, interconnects are becuming a significant limiter of future system performance. The element~ involved arc mainly transmission lines but also other interconnect devices life vias, and packages" The electrical phenomena that have to investigated, as for example delay and crosstalk, are governed by electromagnetic theory. Consequently, even in digital circuits there large sectians in whieh the can longer considered logical ones and zeros but must be treated as analog waveforms. To complicate matters, the descriptian of subcircuits by ordinary differential eyuations is inadequate in many instsnces. Only the use yartial differential aquations should guarantee sufficiently accurate results. Yet this would unfortunately increase the camplexity af simulatian and besign tremendously" Therefore, new approuuhes need to be developed.

As digital circuit elements decrease in physical size, resulting in increasingly complex systems, a basic logic model that can be used in the control and design of a range of semiconductor device is vital. finite State Machines (FSM) have numerous advantages; they can be applied to many areas (including motor control, and signal and serial data identification to name a few) and they use less logic that their alternatives, leading to the development of faster digital hardware systems.

This clear and logical book presents a range of novel techniques for the rapid and reliable design of digital system using FSMs, detailing exactly how and where they can be implemented. with a practical approach, it covers synchronous and asynchronous FSMs in the design of both simple and complex systems, and Petri-Net design techniques for sequential/parallel control systems. Chapters on Hardware Description language (HDL) cover the widely-used and powerful Verilog HDL in sufficient detail to facilitate the description and verification of FSMs, and FSM based systems, at both the gage and behavioural levels.

throughout, the text incorporates many real-world examples that demonstrate designs such as data acquisition, a memory tester, and passive serial data monitoring and detection, among others. A useful accompanying CD offers working Verilog software tools for the capture and simulation of design solutions.

With a linear programmed learning format, this book works as a concise guide for the practising digital designer. this book will also be of importance to senior students and postgraduates of electronic engineering, who require design skills for the embedded systems market.

Switched-Current Signal Processing and A/D Conversion Circuits: Design and Implementation describes the design and implementation of switched-current (SI) circuits with emphasis on signal processing and data-conversion applications. The work includes theoretical analysis, high-level and circuit-level simulation results as well as measurement results from a few of the author's circuit implementations. An extensive overview of the SI field of research is also given. The book contains an extensive overview of the switched-current field of research, and can therefore be used as a quick-reference to the field. The description of each design example has been organized to describe the entire design flow from system level design and simulation, to circuit simulation, layout and measurement as accurately as possible. Thus it is possible to follow each step in the design process. Switched-Current Signal Processing and A/D Conversion Circuits: Design and Implementation is an invaluable reference for researchers and circuit designers working with one-chip mixed-signal system solutions, and low-voltage analog CMOS design. It will also be appreciated by anyone requiring a quick overview of what has been done in the SI field.

China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2015 Proceedings presents selected research papers from CSNC2015, held during 13th-15th May in Xian, China. The theme of CSNC2015 is Opening-up, Connectivity and Win-win. These papers discuss the technologies and applications of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and the latest progress made in the China BeiDou System (BDS) especially. They are divided into 10 topics to match the corresponding sessions in CSNC2015, which broadly covered key topics in GNSS. Readers can learn about the BDS and keep abreast of the latest advances in GNSS techniques and applications. SUN Jiadong is the Chief Designer of the Compass/ BDS, and the academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); LIU Jingnan is a professor at Wuhan University. FAN Shiwei is a researcher at China Satellite Navigation Office; LU Xiaochun is an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

TV viewers today are exposed to overwhelming amounts of information, and challenged by the plethora of interactive functionality provided by current set-top boxes. To ensure broad adoption of this technology by consumers, future Digital Television will have to take usability issues thoroughly into account. In particular, serious attention must be paid to facilitate the selection of content on an individual basis, and to provide easy-to-use interfaces that satisfy viewers' interaction requirements.

This volume collects selected research reports on the development of personalized services for Interactive TV. Drawing upon contributions from academia and industry in the US, Europe and Asia, this book represents a comprehensive picture of leading edge research in personalized television.

Market: Applied acousticians and microphone users such as engineers, scientists, and technicians. The first single-volume reference to offer complete, up-to-date coverage of the wide-ranging topics related to condenser microphone calibration. Featuring contributions by prominent acousticians, this book provides easy-to-follow calibration methods and step-by-step procedures for operating the various measuring instruments and acoustic devices discussed. It also includes a history of the development of condenser microphones, material never before published.