The regulation of pornography has always been a contentious issue, which has sparked wide-ranging debates surrounding the acceptability and place of pornography in society. The use of the internet to distribute and access pornography has magnified this debate and has presented a number of challenges for the law in terms of effective and proportionate regulation. Following unsuccessful attempts by states to transpose traditional laws to cyberspace, a new and radical regulatory framework eventually evolved for regulating internet pornography. In this process, the focus of the law has changed from merely controlling the publication and distribution of obscene material to a model that aims to deter private consumption of illegal content. In addition, various self- and co-regulatory initiatives have been introduced with the involvement of non-state actors, imposing a certain degree of de facto liability on intermediaries, all of which raise interesting issues. This book examines the relevant regulatory responses to internet pornography, with particular reference to the UK, but also drawing comparisons with other countries where relevant. It argues that the internet has fundamentally, and in many ways irreversibly, changed the regulation of pornography. Classifying internet pornography into three broad categories - child pornography, extreme pornography, and adult pornography - the book provides an in-depth analysis of the legal issues involved in regulating internet pornography, and argues that the notions of obscenity and indecency on their own will not provide an adequate basis for regulating online pornography. The book identifies the legitimising factors that will lend credibility and normative force to the law in order to successfully regulate pornography in cyberspace. It is the only comprehensive text that rigorously addresses the regulation of internet pornography as a whole, and offers valuable insights that will appeal to academics, students, policy makers, and those working in the areas of broader internet governance and online child protection.

The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the world's largest regional security organisation, possesses most of the attributes traditionally ascribed to an international organisation, but lacks a constitutive treaty and an established international legal personality. Moreover, OSCE decisions are considered mere political commitments and thus not legally binding. As such, it seems to correspond to the general zeitgeist, in which new, less formal actors and forms of international cooperation gain prominence, while traditional actors and instruments of international law are in stagnation. However, an increasing number of voices - including the OSCE participating states - have been advocating for more formal and autonomous OSCE institutional structures, for international legal personality, or even for the adoption of a constitutive treaty. The book analyses why and how these demands have emerged, critically analyses the reform proposals and provides new arguments for revisiting the OSCE legal framework.

The book provides a critical analysis of electronic alternatives to documents used in the international sale of goods carried by sea, including invoices, bills of lading, certificates of insurance, as well as other documentation required under documentary credits, and payment processing arrangements. It constitutes an in-depth discussion of their legal status and the practices relating to their use. The new edition examines recent developments in the evolving digital transformation that is taking place in the field of international trade. The book examines the commercial pressure to move from paper to electronic data, and the new technologies and relationships built for this purpose. This transition is ever evolving and as such an understanding of the attendant legal implications of the change is crucial. Analysis is provided on the adoption by UNCITRAL of its Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records, the author having been involved first hand in its drafting as a delegate and observer in UNCITRAL Working Group IV, and on the Uniform Rules on Bank Payment Obligations (URBPO). The book considers the practical workings and legal underpinnings of new electronic bill of lading platforms such as e-Title and Placing Platform Limited and of pilot projects such as Wave BL, Marco Polo and Voltron. It also examines the legal implications of proposed uses of new technologies such as distributed ledger technologies (DLT) (including blockchain), Internet of Things (IoT) and smart contracts. This book provides a complete and practical analysis of e-documents in cross-border business contracts for goods carried by sea. It examines recent trends in practice and assesses the ability of electronic alternatives to achieve legal functions performed by the paper documents they replace.

Providing a scholarly analysis of how to govern and make the right kinds of laws for cyberspace, in this work, Professor Reed investigates the vast majority of cyberspace users who wish to act lawfully and asks whether the current state of law in cyberspace makes it possible for them to do so. If not, why not, and what is the cure?
In this book, Professor Reed puts forward a new model for cyberspace laws which focuses on human actions rather than the technology used. Arguing that, in cyberspace, law works primarily through voluntary obedience rather than fear of enforcement, Professor Reed explains his thoughtful and controversial new viewpoint as to how cyberspace laws should be devised and re-opens the debate as to the value of law for regulating cyberspace and how best to influence the behaviour of cyberspace actors. The only text to comprehensively analyse European cyberspace lawmaking, this book provides a new perspective to the debate about the proper shape and scope of internet laws.

Designed specifically for students, Blackstone's Statutes leads the market in providing a carefully selected, regularly updated, and well sourced resources for law students collection of legislation for the core subjects and major options offered on the law syllabus.
Each title is ideal for use throughout the course and in exams providing the student with:

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.Unannotated primary and secondary legislation
.Detailed tables of content to aid quick and efficient research
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Less than a decade after the Financial Crisis, we are witnessing the fast emergence of a new financial order driven by three different, yet interconnected, dynamics: first, the rapid application of technology - such as big data, machine learning, and distributed computing - to banking, lending, and investing, in particular with the emergence of virtual currencies and digital finance; second, a disintermediation fuelled by the rise of peer-to-peer lending platforms and crowd investment which challenge the traditional banking model and may, over time, lead to a transformation of the way both retail and corporate customers bank; and, third, a tendency of de-bureaucratisation under which new platforms and technologies challenge established organisational patterns that regulate finance and manage the money supply. These changes are to a significant degree driven by the development of blockchain technology. The aim of this book is to understand the technological and business potential of the blockchain technology and to reflect on its legal challenges. The book mainly focuses on the challenges blockchain technology has so far faced in its first application in the areas of virtual money and finance, as well as those that it will inevitably face (and is partially already facing, as the SEC Investigative Report of June 2017 and an ongoing SEC securities fraud investigation show) as its domain of application expands in other fields of economic activity such as smart contracts and initial coin offerings. The book provides an unparalleled critical analysis of the disruptive potential of this technology for the economy and the legal system and contributes to current thinking on the role of law in harvesting and shaping innovation.

"Blockchains will matter crucially; this book, beautifully and clearly written for a wide audience, powerfully demonstrates how." -Lawrence Lessig "Attempts to do for blockchain what the likes of Lawrence Lessig and Tim Wu did for the Internet and cyberspace-explain how a new technology will upend the current legal and social order... Blockchain and the Law is not just a theoretical guide. It's also a moral one." -Fortune Bitcoin has been hailed as an Internet marvel and decried as the preferred transaction vehicle for criminals. It has left nearly everyone without a computer science degree confused: how do you "mine" money from ones and zeros? The answer lies in a technology called blockchain. A general-purpose tool for creating secure, decentralized, peer-to-peer applications, blockchain technology has been compared to the Internet in both form and impact. Blockchains are being used to create "smart contracts," to expedite payments, to make financial instruments, to organize the exchange of data and information, and to facilitate interactions between humans and machines. But by cutting out the middlemen, they run the risk of undermining governmental authorities' ability to supervise activities in banking, commerce, and the law. As this essential book makes clear, the technology cannot be harnessed productively without new rules and new approaches to legal thinking. "If you...don't 'get' crypto, this is the book-length treatment for you." -Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution "De Filippi and Wright stress that because blockchain is essentially autonomous, it is inflexible, which leaves it vulnerable, once it has been set in motion, to the sort of unforeseen consequences that laws and regulations are best able to address." -James Ryerson, New York Times Book Review

This book offers conceptual analyses, highlights issues, proposes solutions, and discusses practices regarding privacy and data protection in transitional times. It is one of the results of the 15th annual International Conference on Computers, Privacy and Data Protection (CPDP), which was held in Brussels in May 2022. We are in a time of transition. Artificial Intelligence is making significant breakthroughs in how humans use data and information, and is changing our lives in virtually all aspects. The pandemic has pushed society to adopt changes in how, when, why, and the media through which, we interact. A new generation of European digital regulations - such as the AI Act, Digital Services Act, Digital Markets Act, Data Governance Act, and Data Act - is on the horizon. This raises difficult questions as to which rights we should have, the degree to which these rights should be balanced against other poignant social interests, and how these rights should be enforced in light of the fluidity and uncertainty of circumstances. The book covers a range of topics, including: data protection risks in European retail banks; data protection, privacy legislation, and litigation in China; synthetic data generation as a privacy-preserving technique for the training of machine learning models; effectiveness of privacy consent dialogues; legal analysis of the role of individuals in data protection law; and the role of data subject rights in the platform economy. This interdisciplinary book has been written at a time when the scale and impact of data processing on society - on individuals as well as on social systems - is becoming ever more important. It discusses open issues as well as daring and prospective approaches and is an insightful resource for readers with an interest in computers, privacy and data protection.

This book presents a transnational and transsystemic perspective on the role of contract in Internet Governance, and considers parameters for assessing the utility and legitimacy of contracts in this context. Bygrave presents definitions and parameters of internet governance and the role of contract alongside examples of how these are used in the ever-changing internet world. He examines topical and well-known mediums such as Facebook in relation to their policies and online parameters. Taking into account legal developments across jurisdictions and within both common law and civil law systems, Bygrave explores the idea of the contract as the principal means of governing the virtual world.

Das Handbuch prasentiert die Kernbereiche des E-Commerce-Rechts in den meisten EU-Mitgliedstaaten und den USA: Vertragsrecht, Verbraucherschutz, Urheberrecht, das Recht gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb, Kartellrecht, Providerhaftung, Geldtransfer und Datenschutz. Die Landerberichte folgen einem gemeinsamen Fragenkatalog. Aufgrund der einheitlichen und ubersichtlichen Struktur findet der Leser schnell kompetente Antwort auf seine Rechtsfragen in allen Staaten.

Dieses Buch gibt einen umfassenden rechtlichen Uberblick uber den Vertrieb von Waren und Dienstleistungen im Internet. Behandelt werden zentrale Bereiche des elektronischen Geschaftsverkehrs. Dazu zahlen beispielsweise das Vertragsrecht, Prozessrecht sowie das Fernabsatzrecht im Internet. Eine Reihe potentieller Rechtsprobleme werden dargestellt, die es zu wissen gilt, wenn man selbst Waren- und Dienstleistungsvertrage uber das Internet abschliesst oder sich anderweitig mit diesem Bereich beschaftigt. Dieses Buch dient als zuverlassiger und verstandlicher Rechtsberater, um sich in dem sehr komplexen Bereich des Vertriebs- und Fernabsatzrechts im Internet orientieren zu konnen. Es richtet sich sowohl an Praktiker aus Wirtschaft, Justiz und Anwaltschaft, als auch an Verbraucherschutzverbande und Wissenschaftler."

Das Buch gibt einen umfassenden Uberblick uber das DomainLaw - dem Namens- und Kennzeichenrecht im Internet. Behandelt werden zentrale Bereiche des DomainLaw wie beispielsweise das Vergabeverfahren sowie der nationale, europaische und internationale Rechtsschutz von Domain-Namen. Eine Reihe potentieller Rechtsprobleme werden dargestellt, die es zu wissen gilt, wenn man selbst Domaininhaber/in ist oder sich anderweitig mit diesem Bereich beschaftigt. Das Werk dient als zuverlassiger und verstandlicher Rechtsberater, um sich in dem sehr komplexen Bereich des Namens- und Kennzeichenrechts im Internet orientieren zu konnen. Es richtet sich sowohl an Praktiker aus Wirtschaft, Justiz und Anwaltschaft, als auch an Studierende und Wissenschaftler."

Il volume ha a oggetto sia gli attuali criteri di distribuzione dei contenuti audiovisivi digitali sia gli emergenti problemi per gli utenti finali non piu semplici consumatori ma anche produttori di informazione. In particolare vengono analizzati gli effetti dei nuovi sistemi di gestione dei diritti di proprieta intellettuale per l accesso ai contenuti cercando di comprendere i meccanismi che hanno permesso ai processi di digitalizzazione di operare un cambio di rotta nelle modalita produttive, distributive e di fruizione dei diversi media. L indagine propone inoltre le possibili strategie per risolvere o migliorare i fenomeni degenerativi legati alla pervasivita della tecnologia come strumento di controllo sociale prendendo in considerazione una revisione della normativa e una serie di misure a tutela degli utenti.

Die Fallsammlung liefert Studenten und Referendaren der Wahlfachgruppe "Wirtschaftsrecht" das R stzeug f r die sichere Beherrschung der Fallbearbeitungstechnik. Insbesondere wird der Fokus auf eine Synthese von materiellem und prozessualem Recht gelegt. Der Inhalt umfasst die Bereiche des Urheberrechts, Wettbewerbsrechts, Kartellrechts, Markenrechts und Patentrechts. Weiterf hrende Literaturhinweise zu den jeweiligen Problemkomplexen am Ende der jeweiligen Fallbearbeitung helfen beim selbst ndigen Lernen.

Since 25 May 2018 the General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR) has applied, representing a significant overhaul of data protection law in the European Union. Although it was drafted and passed by the European Union, the GDPR imposes obligations onto organisations anywhere, so long as they collect or target data relating to people in the EU. It is one of the toughest privacy and security laws in the world and harsh fines are levied against those who violate its privacy and security standards. This commentary provides a detailed examination of the individual articles of the GDPR and is an essential resource aimed at helping legal practitioners prepare for compliance. The second edition includes guidelines on the interpretation of the GDPR published by the European Data Protection Board as well as new case law by the Court of Justice of the European Union. This revised and updated edition includes: *a general introduction to data protection law; *full text of the GDPR's articles and recitals; *article-by-article commentary explaining the individual provisions and elements of each article. In addition to lawyers and in-house counsel, this book is also suitable for law professors and students, and offers comprehensive coverage of this increasingly important area of data protection legislation.