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Books > Humanities > History > European history

The Mediterranean in History (Paperback): David Abulafia The Mediterranean in History (Paperback)
David Abulafia; Text written by Oliver Rackham
R395 R316 Discovery Miles 3 160 Save R79 (20%) Ships in 5 - 10 working days

The Mediterranean has been the meeting-place of the cultures of Europe, Asia and Africa, the battleground of races and nations and the focus of three great religions, Christianity, Judaism and Islam. David Abulafia, doyen of Mediterranean scholars, has brought together a team of leading specialists from many countries to tell this enthralling and complex story as a connected narrative: from the physical setting, the prehistoric traders and the struggle between Phoenicians, Greeks and Etruscans ending in Roman victory, to the post-Roman nations, the Christian and Islamic powers, domination by England and France, and finally the twentieth century, divided between war and mass tourism. This study covers all of recorded history, incorporating recent research and tools ranging from linguistics to underwater archaeology, accompanied by spectacular illustrations. Here is the only complete and up-to-date overview of one of the great themes of world history. With 28 illustrations

The Afterlife of the Leiden Anatomical Collections - Hands On, Hands Off (Hardcover): Hieke Huistra The Afterlife of the Leiden Anatomical Collections - Hands On, Hands Off (Hardcover)
Hieke Huistra
R3,902 Discovery Miles 39 020 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

The Afterlife of the Leiden Anatomical Collections starts where most stories end: after death. It tells the story of thousands of body parts kept in bottles and boxes in nineteenth-century Leiden - a story featuring a struggling medical student, more than one disappointed anatomist, a monstrous child, and a glorious past. Hieke Huistra blends historical analysis, morbid anecdotes, and humour to show how anatomical preparations moved into the hands of students and researchers, and out of the reach of lay audiences. In the process, she reveals what a centuries-old collection can teach us about the future fate of the biobanks we build today.

Comic Books, Graphic Novels and the Holocaust - Beyond Maus (Hardcover): Ewa Stanczyk Comic Books, Graphic Novels and the Holocaust - Beyond Maus (Hardcover)
Ewa Stanczyk
R3,905 Discovery Miles 39 050 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

This book analyses the portrayals of the Holocaust in newspaper cartoons, educational pamphlets, short stories and graphic novels. Focusing on recognised and lesser-known illustrators from Europe and beyond, the volume looks at autobiographical and fictional accounts and seeks to paint a broader picture of Holocaust comic strips from the 1940s to the present. The book shows that the genre is a capacious one, not only dealing with the killing of millions of Jews but also with Jewish lives in war-torn Europe, the personal and transgenerational memory of the Second World War and the wider national and transnational legacies of the Shoah. The chapters in this collection point to the aesthetic diversity of the genre which uses figurative and allegorical representation, as well as applying different stylistics, from realism to fantasy. Finally, the contributions to this volume show new developments in comic books and graphic novels on the Holocaust, including the rise of alternative publications, aimed at the adult reader, and the emergence of state-funded educational comics written with young readers in mind. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Modern Jewish Studies.

The Ratline - Love, Lies and Justice on the Trail of a Nazi Fugitive (Paperback): Philippe Sands The Ratline - Love, Lies and Justice on the Trail of a Nazi Fugitive (Paperback)
Philippe Sands
R341 R280 Discovery Miles 2 800 Save R61 (18%) Ships in 9 - 15 working days

In this riveting real-life thriller, Philippe Sands offers a unique account of the daily life of senior Nazi SS Brigadeführer Otto Freiherr von Wächter and his wife, Charlotte. Drawing on a remarkable archive of family letters and diaries, he unveils a fascinating insight into life before and during the war, as a fugitive on the run in the Alps and then in Rome, and into the Cold War. Eventually the door is unlocked to a mystery that haunts Wächter's youngest son, who continues to believe his father was a good man - what happened to Otto Wächter while he was preparing to travel to Argentina on the 'ratline', assisted by a Vatican bishop, and what was the explanation for his sudden and unexpected death?

A Spanish Civil War Scrapbook - Elizabeth Pearl Bickerstaffe's Newspaper Cuttings of the Wars in Spain and China from... A Spanish Civil War Scrapbook - Elizabeth Pearl Bickerstaffe's Newspaper Cuttings of the Wars in Spain and China from August 1937 to May 1939 (Paperback)
Jim Jump
R789 Discovery Miles 7 890 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Introduction by Paul Preston with a foreword by Rodney Bickerstaffe This scrapbook, kept by a 17-year-old children's nurse in South Yorkshire, offers an insight into the political and emotional impact that the Spanish Civil War had on a generation who lived through the agonising defeat of the Spanish Republic. Elizabeth Pearl Bickerstaffe's cuttings reveal the extent of human suffering in the war in Spain - and likewise in China - in which civilians were the main casualties. They also tell of the vain efforts in Britain and by the International Brigade volunteers in Spain itself to prevent this latest triumph for the fascist powers in Europe. And we sense the fierce commitment to the cause of the Spanish Republic felt by the newspaper correspondents and photographers who witnessed this unfolding tragedy. The role of the foreign correspondents in Spain is discussed in an introduction by Paul Preston, the foremost historian of the Spanish Civil War. In his foreword, Rodney Bickerstaffe underlines the important part played both by the events in Spain and by his mother's scrapbook in shaping his political values. This point is amplified in Jim Jump's preface explaining more about the creation, context and consequences of Pearl Bickerstaffe's compelling scrapbook of one of the major episodes in twentieth-century history.

Hitler's Scapegoat - The Boy Assassin and the Holocaust (Paperback): Stephen Koch Hitler's Scapegoat - The Boy Assassin and the Holocaust (Paperback)
Stephen Koch
R306 R249 Discovery Miles 2 490 Save R57 (19%) Ships in 9 - 15 working days

On 7 November 1938, an impoverished seventeen-year-old Polish Jew living in Paris, obsessed with Nazi persecution of his family in Germany, brooding on revenge - and his own insignificance - bought a handgun, carried it on the Metro to the German Embassy in Paris and, never before having fired a weapon, shot down the first German diplomat he saw. When the official died two days later, Hitler and Goebbels used the event as their pretext for the state-sponsored wave of anti-Semitic violence and terror known as Kristallnacht, the pogrom that was the initiating event of the Holocaust. Overnight this obscure young man, Herschel Grynszpan, found himself world-famous, his face on front pages everywhere, and a pawn in the machinations of power. Instead of being executed, he found himself a privileged prisoner of the Gestapo while Hitler and Goebbels prepared a show-trial. The trial, planned to the last detail, was intended to prove that the Jews had started the Second World War. Alone in his cell, Herschel soon grasped how the Nazis planned to use him, and set out to wage a battle of wits against Hitler and Goebbels, knowing perfectly well that if he succeeded in stopping the trial, he would certainly be murdered. Until very recently, what really happened has remained hazy. Hitler's Scapegoat, based on the most recent research - including access to a heretofore untapped archive compiled by a Nuremberg rapporteur - tells Herschel's extraordinary story in full for the first time.

Music Theatre and the Holy Roman Empire - The German Musical Stage at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century (Hardcover): Austin... Music Theatre and the Holy Roman Empire - The German Musical Stage at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century (Hardcover)
Austin Glatthorn
R3,054 Discovery Miles 30 540 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Packed full of new archival evidence that reveals the interconnected world of music theatre during the 'Classical era', this interdisciplinary study investigates key locations, genres, music, and musicians. Austin Glatthorn explores the extent to which the Holy Roman Empire delineated and networked a cultural entity that found expression through music for the German stage. He maps an extensive network of Central European theatres; reconstructs the repertoire they shared; and explores how print media, personal correspondence, and their dissemination shaped and regulated this music. He then investigates the development of German melodrama and examines how articulations of the Holy Roman Empire on the musical stage expressed imperial belonging. Glatthorn engages with the most recent historical interpretations of the Holy Roman Empire and offers quantitative, empirical analysis of repertoire supported by conventional close readings to illustrate a shared culture of music theatre that transcended traditional boundaries in music scholarship.

Sovereignty, Civic Participation, and Constitutional Law - The People versus the Nation in Belgium (Paperback): Brecht Deseure,... Sovereignty, Civic Participation, and Constitutional Law - The People versus the Nation in Belgium (Paperback)
Brecht Deseure, Raf Geenens, Stefan Sottiaux
R1,169 Discovery Miles 11 690 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

This book brings recent insights about sovereignty and citizen participation in the Belgian Constitution to scholars in the fields of law, philosophy, history, and politics. Throughout the Western world, there are increasing calls for greater citizen participation. Referendums, citizen councils, and other forms of direct democracy are considered necessary antidotes to a growing hostility towards traditional party politics. This book focuses on the Belgian debate, where the introduction of participatory politics has stalled because of an ambiguity in the Constitution. Scholars and judges generally claim that the Belgian Constitution gives ultimate power to the nation, which can only speak through representation in parliament. In light of this, direct democracy would be an unconstitutional power grab by the current generation of citizens. This book critically investigates this received interpretation of the Constitution and, by reaching back to the debates among Belgium's 1831 founding fathers, concludes that it is untenable. The spirit, if not the text, of the Belgian Constitution allows for more popular participation than present-day jurisprudence admits. This book is the first to make recent debates in this field accessible to international scholars. It provides a rare source of information on Belgium's 1831 Constitution, which was in its time seen as modern constitutionalism's greatest triumph and which became a model for countless other constitutions. Yet the questions it asks reverberate far beyond Belgium. Combining new insights from law, philosophy, history, and politics, this book is a showcase for continental constitutional theory. It will be a valuable resource for academics and researchers in constitutional law, political and legal philosophy, and legal history. Chapters 3, 4, 11, and 15 of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/sovereignty-civic-participation-constitutional-law-brecht-deseure-raf-geenens-stefan-sottiaux/e/10.4324/9781003039525

Tito's Secret Empire - How the Maharaja of the Balkans Fooled the World (Hardcover): William Klinger, Denis Kuljis Tito's Secret Empire - How the Maharaja of the Balkans Fooled the World (Hardcover)
William Klinger, Denis Kuljis
R1,132 Discovery Miles 11 320 Ships in 10 - 15 working days
Political Representation in the Ancien Regime (Hardcover): Joaquim Albareda, Manuel  Herrero Sanchez Political Representation in the Ancien Regime (Hardcover)
Joaquim Albareda, Manuel Herrero Sanchez
R3,907 Discovery Miles 39 070 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

What kind of political representation existed in the Ancien Regime? Which social sectors were given a voice, and how were they represented in the institutions? These are some of the issues addressed by the authors of this book from different institutional angles (monarchies and republics; parliaments and municipalities), from various European territories and finally from a connected and comparative perspective. The aim is twofold: analyse the different mechanisms of political representation before Liberalism, their strengths and limitations; value the processes of oligarchisation and the possible mismatch between a libertarian model and a reality which was far from its idealised image.

Medicine and Conflict - The Spanish Civil War and its Traumatic Legacy (Hardcover): Sebastian Browne Medicine and Conflict - The Spanish Civil War and its Traumatic Legacy (Hardcover)
Sebastian Browne
R3,912 Discovery Miles 39 120 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

This book focuses on an important but neglected aspect of the Spanish Civil War, the evolution of medical and surgical care of the wounded during the conflict. Importantly, the focus is from a mainly Spanish perspective - as the Spanish are given a voice in their own story, which has not always been the case. Central to the book is General Franco's treatment of Muslim combatants, the anarchist contribution to health, and the medicalisation of propaganda - themes that come together in a medico-cultural study of the Spanish Civil War. Suffusing the narrative and the analysis is the traumatic legacy of conflict, an untreated wound that a new generation of Spaniards are struggling to heal.

Berlin Intelligence Map (Sheet map, flat): Berlin Intelligence Map (Sheet map, flat)
R151 R131 Discovery Miles 1 310 Save R20 (13%) Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Published specially by After the Battle to coincide with the suspension of Allied occupation rights in Berlin in October 1990, this map was produced in 1944 by the War Office and lists the location and use of all important buildings in Berlin to be used in the occupation of the city. Every building associated with the Reich Government, NSDAP, police, fire service, Reichsbahn, U-Bahn, hospitals, telephone exchanges, embassies, prisons, etc., is numbered and referenced to an index printed on the reverse of the map. This sheet covers the central area at 1:12500.

Modern France and the World (Paperback): Darcie Fontaine Modern France and the World (Paperback)
Darcie Fontaine
R1,078 Discovery Miles 10 780 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Global focus positioning France centrally within the narrative of its global history, engaging students with the prevalent trends in historiography Fully illustrated with paintings and photographs, maps and text-boxes, which will help to engage readers Takes a social and cultural approach rather than focusing solely on political history

Psychoanalytic and Cultural Aspects of Trauma and the Holocaust - Between Postmemory and Postmemorial Work (Paperback): Rony... Psychoanalytic and Cultural Aspects of Trauma and the Holocaust - Between Postmemory and Postmemorial Work (Paperback)
Rony Alfandary, Judith Tydor Baumel-Schwartz
R952 Discovery Miles 9 520 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Israeli perspective on postmemory. Interdisciplinary focus. Also includes discussion of postcolonialism.

Paris and Her Cathedrals (Hardcover): R.Howard Bloch Paris and Her Cathedrals (Hardcover)
R.Howard Bloch
R766 Discovery Miles 7 660 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Eminent French literature professor R. Howard Bloch has become renowned for his insider tours of Paris, given to college students abroad. Long sought after for his encyclopaedic knowledge of French cathedrals, Bloch has at last decided to share his intimate knowledge with a wider audience. Here, six cathedrals-Saint-Denis, Chartres, Sainte-Chapelle, Reims, Amiens and Notre-Dame-are illumined in magnificent detail as Bloch, taking us from the High Middle Ages to the devastating fire that set Notre-Dame ablaze in 2019, traces the evolution of each in turn. Contextualising the cathedrals within the annals of French history, Bloch animates the past with lush evocations of architectural splendour-high-flying buttresses and jewel-encrusted shrines, hidden burial grounds and secret chambers-and thrilling tales of kingly intrigue, audacious architects and the meeting of aristocratic and everyday life. Complete with the author's own photographs, Paris and Her Cathedrals vitally enhances our understanding of the history of Paris and its environs.

City of Light, City of Poison - Murder, Magic, and the First Police Chief of Paris (Paperback): Holly Tucker City of Light, City of Poison - Murder, Magic, and the First Police Chief of Paris (Paperback)
Holly Tucker
R430 R360 Discovery Miles 3 600 Save R70 (16%) Ships in 10 - 15 working days

In the late 1600s, Louis XIV assigns Nicolas de la Reynie to bring order to the city of Paris after the brutal deaths of two magistrates. Reynie, pragmatic yet fearless, tackles the dirty and terrifying streets only to discover a tightly knit network of witches, poisoners and priests whose reach extends all the way to Versailles. As the chief investigates a growing number of deaths at court, he learns that no one is safe from their deadly love potions and "inheritance stews"-not even the Sun King himself. Based on court transcripts and Reynie's compulsive note-taking, Holly Tucker's riveting true crime narrative makes the characters breathe on the page as she follows the police chief into the dark labyrinths of crime-ridden Paris, the glorious halls of royal palaces, secret courtrooms and torture chambers in a tale of deception and murder that reads like fiction.

Health Policies in Interwar Europe - A Transnational Perspective (Hardcover): Josep L Barona Health Policies in Interwar Europe - A Transnational Perspective (Hardcover)
Josep L Barona
R3,903 Discovery Miles 39 030 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Research into public health policies and expert instruction has been oriented traditionally in the national context. There is a rich historiography that analyses the development of health policies and systems in various European and American countries during the first decades of the twentieth century. What is often ignored, however, is the study of the great many connections and circulations of knowledge, people, technologies, artefacts and practices during that period between countries. This book redresses that balance.

Old Stories and Contemporary Issues in Films about Antiquity and the Middle Ages - Idealistic Thinking, Sex, Lies, and Video... Old Stories and Contemporary Issues in Films about Antiquity and the Middle Ages - Idealistic Thinking, Sex, Lies, and Video Political Agendas (Paperback)
Luigi Andrea Berto
R1,122 Discovery Miles 11 220 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Based on rigorous film-analysis and historical comparisons, this book explorers the narrative filmmakers create by summarising complex historical issues, but which can lead to misconceptions about the past. Analysis of films such as Alexander Nevsky, Kryzact (1960)-also known as Knights of the Teutonic Order, The Black Knight, El Cid, The Great Warrior Skanderberg, Braveheart, The Seventh Seal, Spartacus, Gladiator, Brother Sun, Sister Moon, Saladin, Kingdom of Heaven and 300 offers students a broad range of examples to consider alongside the history of antiquity and medieval Europe. This book explores how the past is portrayed in the present and offers students and general readers a framework to unpick 'historical' films to see how the facts are woven into fiction.

All But My Life - A Memoir (Paperback): Gerda Weissmann Klein All But My Life - A Memoir (Paperback)
Gerda Weissmann Klein
R492 R413 Discovery Miles 4 130 Save R79 (16%) Ships in 10 - 15 working days
Poison, Medicine, and Disease in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Hardcover): Frederick W Gibbs Poison, Medicine, and Disease in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Hardcover)
Frederick W Gibbs
R3,925 Discovery Miles 39 250 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

This book presents a uniquely broad and pioneering history of premodern toxicology by exploring how late medieval and early modern (c. 1200-1600) physicians discussed the relationship between poison, medicine, and disease. Drawing from a wide range of medical and natural philosophical texts-with an emphasis on treatises that focused on poison, pharmacotherapeutics, plague, and the nature of disease-this study brings to light premodern physicians' debates about the potential existence, nature, and properties of a category of substance theoretically harmful to the human body in even the smallest amount. Focusing on the category of poison (venenum) rather than on specific drugs reframes and remixes the standard histories of toxicology, pharmacology, and etiology, as well as shows how these aspects of medicine (although not yet formalized as independent disciplines) interacted with and shaped one another. Physicians argued, for instance, about what properties might distinguish poison from other substances, how poison injured the human body, the nature of poisonous bodies, and the role of poison in spreading, and to some extent defining, disease. The way physicians debated these questions shows that poison was far from an obvious and uncontested category of substance, and their effort to understand it sheds new light on the relationship between natural philosophy and medicine in the late medieval and early modern periods.

India in Art in Ireland (Paperback): Kathleen James-Chakraborty India in Art in Ireland (Paperback)
Kathleen James-Chakraborty
R1,348 Discovery Miles 13 480 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

India in Art in Ireland is the first book to address how the relationship between these two ends of the British Empire played out in the visual arts. It demonstrates that Irish ambivalence about British imperialism in India complicates the assumption that colonialism precluded identifying with an exotic other. Examining a wide range of media, including manuscript illuminations, paintings, prints, architecture, stained glass, and photography, its authors demonstrate the complex nature of empire in India, compare these empires to British imperialism in Ireland, and explore the contemporary relationship between what are now two independent countries through a consideration of works of art in Irish collections, supplemented by a consideration of Irish architecture and of contemporary Irish visual culture. The collection features essays on Rajput and Mughal miniatures, on a portrait of an Indian woman by the Irish painter Thomas Hickey, on the gate lodge to the Dromana estate in County Waterford, and a consideration of the intellectual context of Harry Clarke's Eve of St. Agnes window. This book should appeal not only to those seeking to learn more about some of Ireland's most cherished works of art, but to all those curious about the complex interplay between empire, anti-colonialism, and the visual arts.

A World Without Jews - The Nazi Imagination from Persecution to Genocide (Paperback): Alon Confino A World Without Jews - The Nazi Imagination from Persecution to Genocide (Paperback)
Alon Confino
R758 Discovery Miles 7 580 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

A groundbreaking reexamination of the Holocaust and of how Germans understood their genocidal project Why exactly did the Nazis burn the Hebrew Bible everywhere in Germany on November 9, 1938? The perplexing event has not been adequately accounted for by historians in their large-scale assessments of how and why the Holocaust occurred. In this gripping new analysis, Alon Confino draws on an array of archives across three continents to propose a penetrating new assessment of one of the central moral problems of the twentieth century. To a surprising extent, Confino demonstrates, the mass murder of Jews during the war years was powerfully anticipated in the culture of the prewar years. The author shifts his focus away from the debates over what the Germans did or did not know about the Holocaust and explores instead how Germans came to conceive of the idea of a Germany without Jews. He traces the stories the Nazis told themselves-where they came from and where they were heading-and how those stories led to the conclusion that Jews must be eradicated in order for the new Nazi civilization to arise. The creation of this new empire required that Jews and Judaism be erased from Christian history, and this was the inspiration-and justification-for Kristallnacht. As Germans imagined a future world without Jews, persecution and extermination became imaginable, and even justifiable.

An Historical Assessment of Leadership in Turbulent Times - Lessons Learned from Clovis I, King of the Franks (Paperback):... An Historical Assessment of Leadership in Turbulent Times - Lessons Learned from Clovis I, King of the Franks (Paperback)
Nathan W. Harter
R1,223 Discovery Miles 12 230 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

This unique book provides lessons on how to affect good leadership in turbulent times by taking a historical lens and examining the life and impact of Clovis I, King of the Franks. Through the exploration of how this individual managed the unstable times where so many others had failed, the book provides an original take on leadership, focusing on the ways we can learn from and be inspired by his history. This book offers an insightful and detailed case study of Clovis I, as it explores his struggles and triumphs in the face of turbulent times. The book presents implications for students of leadership today and examines why the story of Clovis I reveals the salience of leadership during times of uncertainty and change. Ultimately, the author foresees the rise of myriad leaders trying to manage the upheaval in the twenty-first century, with the likelihood that somebody like Clovis I will emerge, pursuing ambition and re-ordering civilization on a colossal scale, leaving a legacy that will endure for a further thousand years. This book will be of interest to leadership and history scholars and advanced students in Leadership studies.

Scandinavia in the Middle Ages 900-1550 - Between Two Oceans (Paperback): Kirsi Salonen, Kurt Villads Jensen Scandinavia in the Middle Ages 900-1550 - Between Two Oceans (Paperback)
Kirsi Salonen, Kurt Villads Jensen
R1,084 Discovery Miles 10 840 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Medieval Scandinavia went through momentous changes. Regional power centres merged and gave birth to the three strong kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. At the end of the Middle Ages, they together formed the enormous Kalmar Union comprising almost all lands around the North Atlantic and the Baltic Sea. In the Middle Ages, Scandinavia became part of a common Europe, yet preserved its own distinct cultural markers. Scandinavia in the Middle Ages 900-1550 covers the entire Middle Ages into an engaging narrative. The book gives a chronological overview of political, ecclesiastical, cultural, and economic developments. It integrates to this narrative climatic changes, energy crises, devastating epidemies, family life and livelihood, arts, education, technology and literature, and much else. The book shows how different groups had an important role in shaping society: kings and peasants, pious priests, nuns and crusaders, merchants, and students, without forgetting minorities such as Sami and Jews. The book is divided into three chronological parts 900-1200, 1200-1400, and 1400-1550, where analyses of general trends are illustrated by the acts of individual men and women. This book is essential reading for students of, as well as all those interested in, medieval Scandinavia and Europe more broadly.

Inclusive Commons and the Sustainability of Peasant Communities in the Medieval Low Countries (Hardcover): Maika De Keyzer Inclusive Commons and the Sustainability of Peasant Communities in the Medieval Low Countries (Hardcover)
Maika De Keyzer
R3,906 Discovery Miles 39 060 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Is inclusiveness in the commons and sustainability a paradox? Late medieval and Early Modern rural societies encountered challenges because of growing population pressure, urbanisation and commercialisation. While some regions went along this path and commercialised and intensified production, others sailed a different course, maintaining communal property and managing resources via common pool resource institutions. To prevent overexploitation and free riding, it was generally believed that strong formalised institutions, strict access regimes and restricted use rights were essential. By looking at the late medieval Campine area, a sandy, infertile and fragile region, dominated by communal property and located at the core of the densely populated and commercialised Low Countries, it has become clear that sustainability, economic success and inclusiveness can be compatible. Because of a balanced distribution of power between smallholders and elites, strong property claims, a predominance of long-term agricultural strategies and the vitality of informal institutions and conflict resolution mechanisms, the Campine peasant communities were able to avert ecological distress while maintaining a positive economic climate.

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