Economic pressure, as well as transnational and domestic corporate policies, has placed labor law under severe stress. National responses are so deeply embedded in institutions reflecting local traditions that meaningful comparison is daunting. This book assembles a team of experts from many countries that draw on a rich variety of comparative methods to capture changes and emerging trends across nations and regions. The chapters in this Research Handbook mingle subjects of long-standing comparative concern with matters that have pressed to the fore in recent years. Subjects like 'soft law' and emerging geographic zones are placed in a new light and their burgeoning significance explored. Thematic and regional comparisons capture the challenges of a globally comparative perspective on labor law. The fresh and thoughtful comparative analysis in this Handbook makes it a critical resource for scholars and students of labor law. Contributors: K. Banks, A. Bogg, S. Bonfanti, S. Butterworth, S. Cooney, L. Corazza, N. Countouris, G. Davidov, D. du Toit, K.D. Ewing, M. Finkin, R. Fragale, M. Freedland, N. Garoupa, S. Giubboni, F. Hendrickx, J. Howe, A. Hyde, E. Kovacs, R. Krause, N. Lyutov, E. Menegatti, L. Mitrus, G. Mundlak, R. Nunin, M. Pittard, O. Razzolini, K. Rittich, R. Ronnie, E. Sanchez, K. Sankaran, M. Schlachter, A. Seifert, A. Stewart, H. Takeuchi-Okuno, A. Topo

The maintenance of financial stability is a key objective of monetary policy, but the record of regulators in achieving this has been lamentable in recent years. This failure has been matched by an equivalent inability to establish an appropriate theoretical basis for financial regulation. In this book, the authors demonstrate how to enhance the theory, modeling and practice of such regulation. The main determinant of financial instability is the default of financial institutions. The authors highlight the importance of the appropriate incorporation of default into macro-financial models and its interaction with liquidity. Besides covering the historical development and current stance of financial regulation, the book includes a number of policy-oriented chapters revealing how the authors' modeling approach can improve the process. This authoritative book will serve as a basis for future work on financial stability management for both academics and policy makers and provide guidance on how to undertake crisis prevention and resolution.

Acclaim for the first edition:'Steve Weatherill provides an excellent thought-provoking account of EU consumer law and policy. It will be required reading for all those interested in this important subject.' - Paul Craig, St John's College, Oxford, UK 'This is a characteristically excellent book by Steve Weatherill, combining incisive legal analysis of an important policy field with an authoritative and up-to-date account of the underlying legal and constitutional framework.' - Grainne de Burca, European University Institute, Italy This new edition of Stephen Weatherill's acclaimed book provides a comprehensive introduction to all facets of the EU's involvement in consumer law and policy. Consumers are expected to benefit from the EU's project of economic integration, enjoying wider choice and improved quality, and yet they need protection from the dangers that flow from malfunctioning and unfair markets. The EU's consumer law and policy is an attempt to have the best of both worlds - a liberalized yet properly regulated trading space for Europe. This highly esteemed book, now in a brand new edition, provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the subject, explaining the evolution of consumer law and policy in the EU in terms of both legislative and judicial activity. The book also situates EU consumer law and policy within its broader social, political and economic context, providing a window to a range of wider issues (and tensions) relating to Union regulatory strategies and their effect on the member states. It concludes with a newly written examination of the relationship between EU and national initiatives of market regulation - symbiosis or disruption? A readable yet critically sound textbook, this fully updated edition will be indispensable for both postgraduate and undergraduate students of EU law. It will also appeal strongly to all academics, regulators and practicing lawyers with an interest in EU trade law or indeed European law more generally. Contents: 1. The Evolution of Consumer Policy in the European Union 2. Negative Law and Market Integration 3. The Law and Practice of Harmonisation 4. Market Transparency and Consumer Protection 5. Regulating the Substance of Consumer Transactions 6. Product Liability 7. European Private Law 8. Advertising and Marketing Law 9. Product Safety Regulation 10. Access to Justice 11. Conclusion: The Challenges of EU Consumer Law Index

As the internet has been regulated from its conception, many widespread beliefs regarding internet freedom are actually misconceptions. Additionally, there are already two main categories of internet regulation systems in use: the open and the silent IRSs. Unexpectedly, the former are quite popular among authoritarian regimes, while the latter are implemented mainly in Western democracies. Many IT experts and media analysts criticize Western governments' choice to use a silent IRS, expressing their fear that this could set a dangerous precedent for the rest of the democratic countries around the world. New regulation systems must be developed and implemented that are more acceptable to the general public. Internet Censorship and Regulation Systems in Democracies: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential reference source that discusses the phenomenon of internet regulation in general and the use of internet regulation systems (IRSs) by authoritarian regimes and Western democracies and proposes a blueprint for the development and implementation of a fair internet regulation system (FIRS). The book also considers the function of a fair internet regulation system in terms of maximizing its effectiveness, keeping the implementation cost low, and increasing the probability of acceptance by each country's general public. Featuring research on topics such as governmental control, online filtering, and public opinion, this book is ideally designed for researchers, policymakers, government officials, practitioners, academicians, and students seeking coverage on modern internet censorship policies within various international democracies.

Patent holders are increasingly making voluntary, public commitments to limit the enforcement and other exploitation of their patents. The best-known form of patent pledge is the so-called FRAND commitment, in which a patent holder commits to license patents to manufacturers of standardized products on terms that are ''fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory.'' Patent pledges have also been appearing in fields well beyond technical standard-setting, including open source software, green technology and the biosciences. This book explores the motivations, legal characteristics and policy goals of these increasingly popular private ordering tools. Jorge Contreras and Meredith Jacob bring together work by more than a dozen international experts who examine the phenomenon of patent pledges from a variety of perspectives and analytical frameworks. The book assesses patent pledges as mechanisms for facilitating platform promotion, open innovation, economic development and environmental sustainability. Legal practitioners who are involved in intellectual property licensing, litigation and business transactions will find this book a key resource, as will in-house lawyers and managers at firms engaged in technology development and standardization. It will also be a key reference for scholars in law, economics, business and political science. Contributors include: C. Asay, B. Awad, M. Bohannon, M. Callahan, J. Contreras, D. Greenbaum, M. Jacob, Y. Kim, M. Maggiolino, C. Maracke, A. Metzger, L. Montagnani, J. Schultz, S. Scott, T. Sebastian, N. Shanahan, R. Sichel, R. Sikorski, T. Simcoe, D. Valz, L. Vertinsky, E. Wang, E. Winston, S.-S. Yi

Manju Pathak is presently a Professor of Biotechnology at Amity University, Noida. Earlier to this, she was a Professor of Biotechnology at Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamilnadu.

Providing short, clear and accessible explanations of the main areas of EU law, Understanding European Union Law is both an ideal introduction for students new to EU law and an essential addition to revision for the more accomplished. This eighth edition has been fully revised and updated with the latest legislative changes and includes an in-depth discussion of 'Brexit' and its implications for EU-UK relations. The book provides readers with a clear understanding of the structures and rationale behind EU law, explaining how and why the law has developed as it has. In addition to discussing the core areas of EU law such as its sources, the role and powers of the EU's Institutions, the enforcement of EU law and the law of the internal market, this edition also includes a new chapter on three 'non-economic' areas of EU law: fundamental human rights, equality (non-discrimination) and the environment. This student-friendly text is both broad in scope and highly accessible. It will inspire students towards further study and show that understanding EU law can be an enjoyable and rewarding experience. As well as being essential reading for Law students, Understanding European Union Law is also suitable for students on other courses where basic knowledge of EU law is required or useful, such as business studies, political science, international relations or European studies programmes.

The Companies Act 71 of 2008, as amended, has created a new corporate law regime for South Africa that poses exceptional challenges to practitioners, who have to interpret and apply concepts, principles and rules borrowed from other jurisdictions even before they have been tested or pronounced upon by our courts. Corporate law for commerce students is a comprehensive yet basic guide to the structure and fundamentals of the new company dispensation.

Corporate law for commerce students provides a brief, clear and especially practical overview of the law of business entities. It covers partnerships, companies, close corporations, business trusts and cooperative societies, each of which carries different rights and obligations, and ultimately liabilities, for the entrepreneur. It discusses all of these within the framework of the new Companies Act, the common law, and recent court judgments and the King IV report. It includes figures, tables and mind maps to clarify each topic, and provides assessments at the end of each chapter.

Contents include the following:

• How to choose the right option for a specific business
• The partnership concept, the business trust and the establishment of legal personality, companies and cooperatives
• Compliance, transparency, accountability and governance
• Securities, debt instruments and public offers
• Directors, shareholders and company meetings, fundamental transactions, takeovers and offers
• Business rescue and compromise with creditors
• Termination and dissolution

Corporate law for commerce students is aimed at students studying commercial law, business entities or corporate law subjects as well as practising accountants, auditors, company secretaries and paralegal practitioners.

Gordon Brown was a past-master at sneaking in new taxes by stealth, but his efforts as Chancellor and then Prime Minister were merely the latest in a long line of party leaders desperate to extract more money from reluctant taxpayers. This book challenges the need for government to resort to such underhand practices which undermine the economy, killing the goose which lays the golden eggs, and the integrity of the political process. The author argues that not only does taxation flout the principle of private property, but it 'is a primal cause of both inflation and unemployment. Regardless of this, the freely elected governments of contemporary trading economies - with the acquiescence of their electorates - persist in raising the major part, if not all, of their revenues by means of taxation. The immediate cause of such action by governments...is ignorance of any acceptable alternative method of raising sufficient public revenue.' Burgess shows how the development of Keynes' general theory of employment 'leads to the conclusion that an open trading economy is likely to be most competitive, and therefore most prosperous, only when taxation is abolished' - but government must be funded. How can this be done without taxation? To provide an answer he refines Alfred Marshall's distinction between the public and private value of property to reveal an alternative, peculiarly public source of revenue. Unlike a tax, defined by a former Labour Chancellor, Hugh Dalton, as 'a compulsory contribution imposed by a public authority, irrespective of the exact amount of service rendered to the taxpayer in return', the 'public value' identified by Marshall would deliver an exact equivalence between the benefits enjoyed and the amount paid. On the basis of this widely accepted definition, therefore, it is not a tax but the price for services rendered like any other transaction - the price fixed by the market. The author shows how reform may be introduced with a minimum of disruption, so that politicians with an eye to re-election can achieve measurable results during the lifetime of a parliament.

"The richness, clarity and nuances of the structure and methodology followed by the contributors make the book a very valuable tool for students... seeking to obtain a general understanding of the market and how it is regulated." - Ligia Catherine Arias Barrera, Banking & Finance Law Review The fully updated edition of this user-friendly textbook continues to systematise the European law governing capital markets and examines the underlying concepts from a broadly interdisciplinary perspective. The 3rd edition deals with 3 central developments: the project of the capital markets union; sustainable finance; and the further digitalisation of financial instruments and securities markets. The 1st chapter deals with the foundations of capital markets law in Europe, the 2nd explains the basics, and the 3rd examines the regime on market abuse. Chapter 4 explores the disclosure system and chapter 5 short-selling and high-frequency trading. The role of intermediaries, such as financial analysts, rating agencies, and proxy advisers, is described in chapter 6. Chapter 7 explains compliance and corporate governance in investment firms and chapter 8 illustrates the regulation of benchmarks. Finally, chapter 9 deals with public takeovers. Throughout the book emphasis is placed on legal practice, and frequent reference is made to the key decisions of supervisory authorities and courts. This is essential reading for students involved in the study of capital markets law and financial law.