This book discusses efficient prediction techniques for the current state-of-the-art High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, focusing on the compression of a wide range of video signals, such as 3D video, Light Fields and natural images. The authors begin with a review of the state-of-the-art predictive coding methods and compression technologies for both 2D and 3D multimedia contents, which provides a good starting point for new researchers in the field of image and video compression. New prediction techniques that go beyond the standardized compression technologies are then presented and discussed. In the context of 3D video, the authors describe a new predictive algorithm for the compression of depth maps, which combines intra-directional prediction, with flexible block partitioning and linear residue fitting. New approaches are described for the compression of Light Field and still images, which enforce sparsity constraints on linear models. The Locally Linear Embedding-based prediction method is investigated for compression of Light Field images based on the HEVC technology. A new linear prediction method using sparse constraints is also described, enabling improved coding performance of the HEVC standard, particularly for images with complex textures based on repeated structures. Finally, the authors present a new, generalized intra-prediction framework for the HEVC standard, which unifies the directional prediction methods used in the current video compression standards, with linear prediction methods using sparse constraints. Experimental results for the compression of natural images are provided, demonstrating the advantage of the unified prediction framework over the traditional directional prediction modes used in HEVC standard.

This book will raise awareness and spark an international collaboration amongst global leaders to research the feasibility of a globally interoperable electronic health record system to prevent the international spread of disease, document patient treatment, travel, and transmission of BSL-4 infections. The problem of the spread of disease and the lack of multinational interoperability is a global problem and requires a global effort to establish interoperable systems protocols. This book focuses on the feasibility and design of a multinational or globally interoperable electronic health record system to track and prevent the spread of disease of BSL-4 infections. Due to the rapid spread of COVID-19 and the history of the multinational spread of zoonotic diseases, it is clear that a global effort is needed. The WHO stated that the lack of EHR interoperability and the spread of disease is a global problem that requires a global solution. This book is a critical exploration on this topic.

This book examines a writing activity that has recently fallen into disrepute. Outlining has a bad reputation among students, even though many teachers and textbooks still recommend the process. In part, the author argues, the medium is to blame. Paper and ink make the revision difficult. But if one uses an electronic outliner, the activity can be very helpful in developing a thoughtful and effective document, particularly one that spans many pages and deals with a complicated subject. Outlining Goes Electronic takes an historical approach, examining the way people developed the idea of outlining, from the classical period to the present. We see that the medium in which people worked strongly shaped their assumptions, ideas, and use of outlines. In developing a theoretical model of outlining as an activity, the author argues that a relatively new electronic tool-software that accelerates and performs the process of outlining-can give us a new perspective from which to engage previous classroom models of writing, recent writing theory, and current practice in the technical writing field.

This book covers different, current research directions in the context of variational methods for non-linear geometric data. Each chapter is authored by leading experts in the respective discipline and provides an introduction, an overview and a description of the current state of the art. Non-linear geometric data arises in various applications in science and engineering. Examples of nonlinear data spaces are diverse and include, for instance, nonlinear spaces of matrices, spaces of curves, shapes as well as manifolds of probability measures. Applications can be found in biology, medicine, product engineering, geography and computer vision for instance. Variational methods on the other hand have evolved to being amongst the most powerful tools for applied mathematics. They involve techniques from various branches of mathematics such as statistics, modeling, optimization, numerical mathematics and analysis. The vast majority of research on variational methods, however, is focused on data in linear spaces. Variational methods for non-linear data is currently an emerging research topic. As a result, and since such methods involve various branches of mathematics, there is a plethora of different, recent approaches dealing with different aspects of variational methods for nonlinear geometric data. Research results are rather scattered and appear in journals of different mathematical communities. The main purpose of the book is to account for that by providing, for the first time, a comprehensive collection of different research directions and existing approaches in this context. It is organized in a way that leading researchers from the different fields provide an introductory overview of recent research directions in their respective discipline. As such, the book is a unique reference work for both newcomers in the field of variational methods for non-linear geometric data, as well as for established experts that aim at to exploit new research directions or collaborations. Chapter 9 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

In digital enterprise, individuals use a variety of technologies to assist them in communicating, collaborating, and coordinating their activities across distance and time, enhancing workflow expertise and communications. ""Leadership in the Digital Enterprise: Issues and Challenges"" presents a comprehensive collection of the most current research on various aspects, roles, and functions of digital enterprises. A compendium of latest industry findings and advancements, this Premier Reference Source provides researchers, academicians, and practitioners with useful theories and references in topics such as e-business, knowledge management, and enterprise planning.

Several Python programming books feature tools designed for experimental psychologists. What sets this book apart is its focus on eye-tracking. Eye-tracking is a widely used research technique in psychology and neuroscience labs. Research grade eye-trackers are typically faster, more accurate, and of course, more expensive than the ones seen in consumer goods or usability labs. Not surprisingly, a successful eye-tracking study usually requires sophisticated computer programming. Easy syntax and flexibility make Python a perfect choice for this task, especially for psychology researchers with little or no computer programming experience. This book offers detailed coverage of the Pylink library, a Python interface for the gold standard EyeLink (R) eye-trackers, with many step-by-step example scripts. This book is a useful reference for eye-tracking researchers, but you can also use it as a textbook for graduate-level programming courses.

This handbook provides a unique and in-depth survey of the current state-of-the-art in software engineering, covering its major topics, the conceptual genealogy of each subfield, and discussing future research directions. Subjects include foundational areas of software engineering (e.g. software processes, requirements engineering, software architecture, software testing, formal methods, software maintenance) as well as emerging areas (e.g., self-adaptive systems, software engineering in the cloud, coordination technology). Each chapter includes an introduction to central concepts and principles, a guided tour of seminal papers and key contributions, and promising future research directions. The authors of the individual chapters are all acknowledged experts in their field and include many who have pioneered the techniques and technologies discussed. Readers will find an authoritative and concise review of each subject, and will also learn how software engineering technologies have evolved and are likely to develop in the years to come. This book will be especially useful for researchers who are new to software engineering, and for practitioners seeking to enhance their skills and knowledge.

An open process of restandardization, conducted by the IEEE, has led to the definitions of the new VHDL standard. The changes make VHDL safer, more portable, and more powerful. VHDL also becomes bigger and more complete. The canonical simulator of VHDL is enriched by new mechanisms, the predefined environment is more complete, and the syntax is more regular and flexible. Discrepancies and known bugs of VHDL'87 have been fixed. However, the new VHDL'92 is compatible with VHDL'87, with some minor exceptions. This book presents the new VHDL'92 for the VHDL designer. New features are explained and classified. Examples are provided, each new feature is given a rationale and its impact on design methodology, and performance is analyzed. Where appropriate, pitfalls and traps are explained. The VHDL designer should quickly be able to find the feature needed to evaluate the benefits it brings, to modify previous VHDL'87 code to make it more efficient, more portable, and more flexible. This text should be a useful update for all VHDL designers and managers involved in electronic design.

The CMOS Cookbook contains all you need to know to understand and successfully use CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) integrated circuits. Written in a "cookbook" format that requires little math, this practical, user-oriented book covers all the basics for working with digital logic and many of its end appilations.
Whether you're a newcomver to logic and electronics or a senior design engineer, you'll find CMOS Cookbook and its examples helpful as a self-learning guide, a reference handbook, a project-idea book, or a text for teaching others digital logic at the high school through university levels.
In the pages of this revised edition, you'll discover:
*What CMOS is, who makes it, and how the basic transistors, inverters, and logic and transmission gates work
*CMOS usage rules, power-suppy examples, and information on breadboards, state testing, tools, and interfacing
*Discussions of the latest CMOS devices and sub-families, including the 74C, 74HC, and 74HCT series that streamline TTL and CMOS interfacing
*An in-depth look at multivibrators - including astable, monostable, and bistable - and linear techniques
*Clocked-logic designs and the extensive applications of JK and D-type flip-flops
*A helpful appendix featuring a TTL-to-CMOS conversion chart

Over the past decade, industrial developments in the field of robotics have been aimed primarily at manufacturing. Many of the cases considered for automation have involved the processing of well-defined and rigid products within the motor car and aerospace industries. Current literature includes a large number of books covering both the fundamentals and applications of robots, but none of these books deals with food production as a specialist subject. In the recent past, considerable work has been done examining the use of robots for handling and processing food items. The main objective of this book is to provide an overview of specific applications in the meat, fish and poultry industries, thus increasing the awareness and confidence of the food industry in this technology and the opportunities it offers.

Standardization has the potential to shape, expand, and create markets. Information technology has undergone a rapid transformation in the application of standards in practice, and recent developments have augmented the need for the divulgence of supplementary research. Standardization Research in Information Technology: New Perspectives amasses cutting-edge research on the application of standards in the market, covering topics such as corporate standardization, linguistic qualities of international standards, the role of individuals in standardization, and the development, use, application, and influence of information technology in standardization techniques.

The advancement of computing and communication technologies have profoundly accelerated the development and deployment of complex enterprise systems, creating an importance in its implementation across corporate and industrial organizations worldwide.""The Handbook of Research on Enterprise Systems"" addresses the field of enterprise systems with more breadth and depth than any other resource, covering progressive technologies, leading theories, and advanced applications. Comprising over 25 articles from 47 expert authors from around the globe, this exhaustive collection of highly developed research extends the field of enterprise systems to offer libraries an unrivaled reference.This title features: 27 authoritative contributions by over 45 of the world's leading experts on enterprise systems from 16 countries; comprehensive coverage of each specific topic, highlighting recent trends and describing the latest advances in the field; more than 800 references to existing literature and research on enterprise systems; and, a compendium of over 200 key terms with detailed definitions. It is organized by topic and indexed, making it a convenient method of reference for all IT/IS scholars and professionals. It also features cross-referencing of key terms, figures, and information pertinent to enterprise systems.

This thesis devotes three introductory chapters to outlining basic recipes for constructing the quantum Hamiltonian of an arbitrary superconducting circuit, starting from classical circuit design. Since a superconducting circuit is one of the most promising platforms for realizing a practical quantum computer, anyone who is starting out in the field will benefit greatly from this introduction. The second focus of the introduction is the ultrastrong light-matter interaction (USC), where the latest developments are described. This is followed by three main research works comprising quantum memory in USC; scaling up the 1D circuit to a 2D lattice configuration; creation of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum era quantum error correction codes and polariton-mediated qubit-qubit interaction. The research work detailed in this thesis will make a major contribution to the development of quantum random access memory, a prerequisite for various quantum machine learning algorithms and applications.

The development of social technologies has brought about a new era of political planning and government interactions. In addition to reducing costs in city resource management, ICT and social media can be used in emergency situations as a mechanism for citizen engagement, to facilitate public administration communication, etc. In spite of all these advantages, the application of technologies by governments and the public sector has also fostered debate in terms of cyber security due to the vulnerabilities and risks that can befall different stakeholders. It is necessary to review the most recent research about the implementation of ICTs in the public sector with the aim of understanding both the strengths and the vulnerabilities that the management models can entail. Special Applications of ICTs in Digital Government and the Public Sector: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of ICT implementation in the public sector that seeks to allow readers to understand how ICTs have forced public administrations to undertake reforms to both their workflow and their means of interacting with citizens. While highlighting topics including e-government, emergency communications, and urban planning, this book is ideally designed for government officials, public administrators, public managers, policy holders, policymakers, public consultants, professionals, academicians, students, and researchers seeking current research on the digital communication channels between elected officials and the citizens they represent.

An examination of the methods and techniques used in the analysis and design phases of Information System development. Emphasis is placed upon the application of object technology in enterprise information systems (EIS) with UML being used throughout. Through its excellent balance of practical explanation and theoretical insight the book manages to avoid unnecessary, complicating details without sacrificing rigor. Examples of real-world scenarios are used throughout, giving the reader an understanding of what really goes on within the field of Software Engineering.

This volume collects contributions written by different experts in honor of Prof. Jaime Munoz Masque. It covers a wide variety of research topics, from differential geometry to algebra, but particularly focuses on the geometric formulation of variational calculus; geometric mechanics and field theories; symmetries and conservation laws of differential equations, and pseudo-Riemannian geometry of homogeneous spaces. It also discusses algebraic applications to cryptography and number theory. It offers state-of-the-art contributions in the context of current research trends. The final result is a challenging panoramic view of connecting problems that initially appear distant.

This book highlights some of the unique aspects of spatio-temporal graph data from the perspectives of modeling and developing scalable algorithms. The authors discuss in the first part of this book, the semantic aspects of spatio-temporal graph data in two application domains, viz., urban transportation and social networks. Then the authors present representational models and data structures, which can effectively capture these semantics, while ensuring support for computationally scalable algorithms. In the first part of the book, the authors describe algorithmic development issues in spatio-temporal graph data. These algorithms internally use the semantically rich data structures developed in the earlier part of this book. Finally, the authors introduce some upcoming spatio-temporal graph datasets, such as engine measurement data, and discuss some open research problems in the area. This book will be useful as a secondary text for advanced-level students entering into relevant fields of computer science, such as transportation and urban planning. It may also be useful for researchers and practitioners in the field of navigational algorithms.

This work presents the Clifford-Cauchy-Dirac (CCD) technique for solving problems involving the scattering of electromagnetic radiation from materials of all kinds. It allows anyone who is interested to master techniques that lead to simpler and more efficient solutions to problems of electromagnetic scattering than are currently in use. The technique is formulated in terms of the Cauchy kernel, single integrals, Clifford algebra and a whole-field approach. This is in contrast to many conventional techniques that are formulated in terms of Green's functions, double integrals, vector calculus and the combined field integral equation (CFIE). Whereas these conventional techniques lead to an implementation using the method of moments (MoM), the CCD technique is implemented as alternating projections onto convex sets in a Banach space. The ultimate outcome is an integral formulation that lends itself to a more direct and efficient solution than conventionally is the case, and applies without exception to all types of materials. On any particular machine, it results in either a faster solution for a given problem or the ability to solve problems of greater complexity. The Clifford-Cauchy-Dirac technique offers very real and significant advantages in uniformity, complexity, speed, storage, stability, consistency and accuracy.

The present work provides a platform for leading Data designers whose vision and creativity help us to anticipate major changes occurring in the Data Design field, and pre-empt the future. Each of them strives to provide new answers to the question, "What challenges await Data Design?" To avoid falling into too narrow a mind-set, each works hard to elucidate the breadth of Data Design today and to demonstrate its widespread application across a variety of business sectors. With end users in mind, designer-contributors bring to light the myriad of purposes for which the field was originally intended, forging the bond even further between Data Design and the aims and intentions of those who contribute to it. The first seven parts of the book outline the scope of Data Design, and presents a line-up of "viewpoints" that highlight this discipline's main topics, and offers an in-depth look into practices boasting both foresight and imagination. The eighth and final part features a series of interviews with Data designers and artists whose methods embody originality and marked singularity. As a result, a number of enlightening concepts and bright ideas unfold within the confines of this book to help dispel the thick fog around this new and still relatively unknown discipline. A plethora of equally eye-opening and edifying new terms, words, and key expressions also unfurl. Informing, influencing, and inspiring are just a few of the buzz words belonging to an initiative that is, first and foremost, a creative one, not to mention the possibility to discern the ever-changing and naturally complex nature of today's datasphere. Providing an invaluable and cutting-edge resource for design researchers, this work is also intended for students, professionals and practitioners involved in Data Design, Interaction Design, Digital & Media Design, Data & Information Visualization, Computer Science and Engineering.

This unique collection of research papers offers a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to algebraic approaches to rough sets and reasoning with vagueness. It bridges important gaps, outlines intriguing future research directions, and connects algebraic approaches to rough sets with those for other forms of approximate reasoning. In addition, the book reworks algebraic approaches to axiomatic granularity. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers and teachers in the areas of rough sets and algebras of rough sets, algebraic logic, non classical logic, fuzzy sets, possibility theory, formal concept analysis, computational learning theory, category theory, and other formal approaches to vagueness and approximate reasoning. Consultants in AI and allied fields will also find the book to be of great practical value.

This book addresses Software-Defined Radio (SDR) baseband processing from the computer architecture point of view, providing a detailed exploration of different computing platforms by classifying different approaches, highlighting the common features related to SDR requirements and by showing pros and cons of the proposed solutions. It covers architectures exploiting parallelism by extending single-processor environment (such as VLIW, SIMD, TTA approaches), multi-core platforms distributing the computation to either a homogeneous array or a set of specialized heterogeneous processors, and architectures exploiting fine-grained, coarse-grained, or hybrid reconfigurability.

This volume examines the complex, contradictory discourses of hypertext. Using theoretical material from cultural theory, radical and border pedagogies, and technology criticism, the text discusses three primary ways hypertext is articulated: as automated book (technical communication), as virtual commodity (online databases), and as environment for constructing and exploring multiple subject positions (postmodern hypertext in composition and literature). I would recommend the entire book to researchers and academics who recognize the need to integrate new technologies into our classrooms and pedagogies. - Technical Communication

Pattern Recognition on Oriented Matroids covers a range of innovative problems in combinatorics, poset and graph theories, optimization, and number theory that constitute a far-reaching extension of the arsenal of committee methods in pattern recognition. The groundwork for the modern committee theory was laid in the mid-1960s, when it was shown that the familiar notion of solution to a feasible system of linear inequalities has ingenious analogues which can serve as collective solutions to infeasible systems. A hierarchy of dialects in the language of mathematics, for instance, open cones in the context of linear inequality systems, regions of hyperplane arrangements, and maximal covectors (or topes) of oriented matroids, provides an excellent opportunity to take a fresh look at the infeasible system of homogeneous strict linear inequalities - the standard working model for the contradictory two-class pattern recognition problem in its geometric setting. The universal language of oriented matroid theory considerably simplifies a structural and enumerative analysis of applied aspects of the infeasibility phenomenon. The present book is devoted to several selected topics in the emerging theory of pattern recognition on oriented matroids: the questions of existence and applicability of matroidal generalizations of committee decision rules and related graph-theoretic constructions to oriented matroids with very weak restrictions on their structural properties; a study (in which, in particular, interesting subsequences of the Farey sequence appear naturally) of the hierarchy of the corresponding tope committees; a description of the three-tope committees that are the most attractive approximation to the notion of solution to an infeasible system of linear constraints; an application of convexity in oriented matroids as well as blocker constructions in combinatorial optimization and in poset theory to enumerative problems on tope committees; an attempt to clarify how elementary changes (one-element reorientations) in an oriented matroid affect the family of its tope committees; a discrete Fourier analysis of the important family of critical tope committees through rank and distance relations in the tope poset and the tope graph; the characterization of a key combinatorial role played by the symmetric cycles in hypercube graphs. Contents Oriented Matroids, the Pattern Recognition Problem, and Tope Committees Boolean Intervals Dehn-Sommerville Type Relations Farey Subsequences Blocking Sets of Set Families, and Absolute Blocking Constructions in Posets Committees of Set Families, and Relative Blocking Constructions in Posets Layers of Tope Committees Three-Tope Committees Halfspaces, Convex Sets, and Tope Committees Tope Committees and Reorientations of Oriented Matroids Topes and Critical Committees Critical Committees and Distance Signals Symmetric Cycles in the Hypercube Graphs