"The Culture of Love" interprets the sweeping change in loving that spanned a period when scientific discoveries reduced the terrors and dangers of sex, when new laws gave married women control over their earnings and their bodies, when bold novelists and artists shook off the prudishness and hypocrisy that so paralyzed the Victorians. As public opinion, family pressure, and religious conviction loosened, men and women took charge of their love. Stephen Kern argues that, in contrast to modern sex, Victorian sex was anatomically constricted, spatially confined, morally suspect, deadly serious, and abruptly over.

Kern divides love into its elements and traces profound changes in each: from waiting for love to ending it. Most revealing are the daring ways moderns began to talk about their current lovemaking as well as past lovers. While Victorians viewed jealousy as a "foreign devil," moderns began to acknowledge responsibility for it. Desire lost its close tie with mortal sin and became the engine of artistic creation; women's response to the marriage proposal shifted from mere consent to active choice. There were even new possibilities of kissing, beyond the sudden, blind, disembodied, and censored Victorian meeting of lips.

Kern's evidence is mainly literature and art, including classic novels by the Brontes, Flaubert, Hugo, Eliot, Hardy, Forster, Colette, Proust, Mann, Joyce, Woolf, Lawrence, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, and Musil as well as the paintings and sculptures of Millais, Courbet, Gerome, Rodin, Munch, Klimt, Schiele, Valadon, Chagall, Kandinsky, Kokoschka, Picasso, Matisse, and Brancusi. The book's conceptual foundation comes from Heidegger's existential philosophy, inparticular his authentic-inauthentic distinction, which Kern adapts to make his overall interpretation and concluding affirmation of the value of authenticity: "The moderns may have lost some of the Victorians' delicacy and poignancy, perhaps even some of their heroism, but in exchange became more reflective of what it means to be a human being in love and hence better able to make that loving more their very own."

The life of Paul Gauguin (1848-1903), who abandoned his wife, five children, and a successful career as a stockbroker to paint in poverty in exotic Tahiti, is one of the legendary tales of the art world. Today he is recognized as a highly influential founding father of modern art, who emphasized the use of flat planes and bright, nonnaturalistic color in conjunction with symbolic or primitive subjects. Familiarity with Gauguin the writer is essential for a complete understanding of the artist. "The Writings of a Savage" collects the very best of his letters, articles, books, and journals, many of which are unavailable elsewhere. In brilliantly lucid discussions of life and art Gauguin paints a triumphant self-portrait of a volcanic artist and the tormented man within.

Comprehensive compilation of elegant, imaginative two-letter monograms-ideal for enhancing scrolls, certificates, awards and other graphic projects in need of calligraphic excitement. Easily reproduced, copyright-free letters are also perfect for use in art, needlework, crafts and other decorative projects.

Edgar Degas's painting entitled A Cotton Office in New Orleans is one of the most significant images of nineteenth-century capitalism, in part because it was the first painting by an Impressionist to be purchased by a museum. Drawing upon archival materials, Marilyn R. Brown explores the accumulated social meanings of the work in light of shifting audiences and changing market conditions and assesses the artist's complicated relationship to the business of art.

Despite the financial failure of the actual cotton firm he represented, Degas carefully constructed his picture with a particular buyer--a British textile manufacturer--in mind. However, world events, including an international stock market crash and declines in the market for cotton and art, destroyed his hopes for this sale. It was under these circumstances that the canvas was exhibited in the second Impressionist show in Paris in 1876. While it received a more positive response than other works exhibited, its success was with the conservative audience. After considerable difficulty, Degas finally succeeded in selling the painting in 1878 to the newly founded museum in the city of Pau. The painting was probably regarded as an appropriate homage to the old textile manufacturing family who funded its purchase. It also appealed to "progressive" provincial and more cosmopolitan audiences in Pau.

The picture's scattered form and atomized figures--in which some interpreters today read evidence of the artist's own ambivalence about capitalism--seemingly contributed to its "innovative" cachet in Pau. But the private and public meanings of the painting had shifted, in discontinuous fashion, between its production and consumption. Under the circumstances, Degas's unfixed and even mixed messages about business became, among other things, his most successful (if unwitting) marketing strategy. The official recognition Degas received in Pau in 1878 heralded the gradual upswing of his own financial status during the 1880s, but his attitudes towards success remained mixed.

Paula Modersohn-Becker is recognized today as one of the great painters of the modern movement. But Modersohn-Becker was also a gifted writer and her large body of letters and journals form a moving, highly readable story of a woman at the twin frontiers of art and life. Reissued to coincide with the publication of Dear Friend (see page 3), this edition, which includes every extant letter, all carefully annotated, is the result of extensive research by the editors, and is illustrated with forty-six black and white plates.

The publication presents the entire collection of printing plates depicting battles of the Chinese emperor that are still in existence. They show scenes of Chinese military campaigns between 1755 and 1828. Of the originally eighty-eight printing plates, only thirty-seven are still known today, thirty-four of them in the Ethnological Museum in Berlin. The book tells the history of the plates'provenance and describes the history of copperplate engraving in China. The process in which the printing plates were created and the motifs found in the pictures of battles are also explained. The magnificent copper plates, which are part of the exhibition in the Wang Shu Room of the Humboldt Forum, bear witness to the history of missionaries in China, the military campaigns and politics of the Chinese emperor, the transnational interrelation of culture and craft, and ultimately the craft of copperplate engraving itself.

Thomas Cole's influence after his death, through both the finished and unfinished paintings that remained in his self-designed studio, was truly profound. This book brings new understanding to Cole's last paintings and how they affected later artists. Written by one of the foremost American art historians, it examines the artist's ambition to create paintings that expressed complex and elevated meanings. Images of works not seen for many years will illustrate Cole's intentions and influence.

In less than two decades, Jacoba van Heemskerck (1876-1923) created a powerful oeuvre comprising paintings, woodcuts, glass works and mosaics. Her expressive subjects, including landscapes, townscapes and harbour scenes, are characterised by luminosity and increasing transparency, by rhythmical compositions of the pictorial space, black contours and an intensive use of colour. After her artistic beginnings in the circle around Mondrian and elsewhere, Jacoba van Heemskerck belonged to the centre of the avant-garde movement emanating from the "Sturm" of Herwarth Walden in Berlin - the gallerist and publisher who made artists like Marc, Kandinsky and Jawlensky famous. Her work is shaped by her orientation towards Anthroposophy, which bears witness to her interest in the elemental effect of light and colour on the viewer. Her creative work is highly topical today thanks to her understanding of nature and the cosmos as a world viewed as a whole.

The Smyrna Quay presents the buildings of this legendary 3 km-long strip of land on the waterfront of the Ottoman port city of Smyrna as a continuous architectural, topographic and historical ensemble. The Quay became an iconic symbol of Smyrna (modern-day Izmir), synonymous with the progress, cosmopolitanism and wealth of its inhabitants, throughout the 47 years period which spanned its existence, from its completion in August 1875 to September 1922. It was then that this glorious sight was lost in the aftermath of the Greco-Turkish war (1919-1922), after the recapture of Smyrna by the Kemalist forces and the Great Fire that followed. Most of the Quay buildings were destroyed by fire, and many of those that escaped the fire fell prey to the reconstruction of the city. Very little of the original waterfront remains intact. The authors have used commercial and travel guides, maps and postcards, as well as computer tools, in order to digitally restore the facades of all buildings of the Smyrna Quay to their original appearance. These reconstructed images form the core of this book. They have studied hundreds of Quay postcards and panoramas, depicting grand mansions, theatres, cafes, consulates, clubs and hotels, as well as the bustling port, administration buildings and agencies. All these showed aspects of the public and private life in an Anatolian city, where the European west wind blew strongly for centuries. Particular attention is paid to the lives of the inhabitants of the Quay - a dynamic, multi-ethnic society. Original research using new techniques shows Smyrna's Quay as it was. Illustrations include architectural plans and reconstructions as well as photographs and photomosaics. 620 illustrations, 140 drawings. 2-volume set, paperback, slip-cased. Volume 1: Residential and Recreational Sections, 396pp; Volume 2: Commercial and Administrative Sections, 356pp. Greek language text.

Pont-Aven has lent its name to one of the most famous schools of painting in modern art and is now automatically associated with Paul Gauguin and Emile Bernard. In 1888, in this Breton village in southern Finistere, the two painters set about inventing the features of a completely new style of painting: Synthetism. Breaking with academic orthodoxy and heavily influenced by Japanese prints, they introduced novel aesthetic principles distinguished especially by a belief in simple forms and the use of colour applied in large patches edged by a dark line. This approach further distanced itself from the art that preceded it in its taste for matt tones and the rejection of traditional perspective. This new book reveals to a wider public the important collection that Alexandre Mouradian amassed in only a few years. The collection reflects its creator's great passion for the artists of the Pont-Aven group, as well as others in Brittany and beyond who embraced the new ideas of Bernard and Gauguin without ever losing their individuality. Whether in painting or printmaking, each of these was able to move beyond the imitation of observed reality to express the deepest aspect of his personality: his emotions. The works selected by the collector eloquently show the international reach of what was not strictly speaking a school, in the full sense of the term. Since the private Paris academies were closed during the summer, artists from all over Europe went to Pont-Aven and Le Pouldu to seek inspiration and 'to dare' like Gauguin. Written contributions by Jean-Marie Rouart of the French Academy and the author and art historian Adrien Goetz, are supported by detailed notes on the works by the museum curator Estelle Guille des Buttes, providing invaluable insights into this exceptional collection.

Giovanni Segantini (1858-1899) is revered as one of the most eminent exponents of symbolism and an inventive painter of alpine motifs of the fin de siecle. More recently, he has also been acknowledged as a leading early modernist. Exhibitions of his work regularly attract vast audiences. Yet a number of Segantini's key works have not been on public display for many years and none of the recent books on him really covers the entirety of his oeuvre. This new monograph fills this gap. An introductory essay on Segantini's life and work also investigates the reception of his work over more than a century and looks at his role as paragon, for example for the Futurists or for Joseph Beuys. The core of the book form sixty paintings from all stages of Segantini's career in full-page plates, with descriptive texts and comments illustrated with details and additional images. The easy-to-read texts offer latest findings on aspects such as topography, iconography, the importance of light, on the modern style of divisionism in Segantini's later work and, on his biography.

Die Studie beschaftigt sich mit den tiefgreifenden Veranderungen von Materialien und Techniken der Malerei sowie den Verschiebungen asthetischer und wissenschaftlicher Vorstellungen zur Farbe zwischen 1750 und 1850. In dieser Zeitspanne ist ein Bruch mit der Tradition festzustellen, der dazu gefuhrt hat, dass die Gemalde nicht nur eine Vielfalt an Maltechniken und -materialien aufweisen, sondern auch ungewoehnliche Alterungsschaden offenbaren. Annik Pietsch untersucht, ob Interdependenzen zwischen den Schadensphanomenen und den Topoi, zwischen Praxis und Diskurs bestehen. Sie verfolgt den UEbergang von einer handwerklich orientierten uber eine wissenschaftlich reflektierte zu einer autonomiebetonten Malpraxis und zeichnet die Umwertung von Kolorit und Maltechnik von reinen Mitteln der Darstellung zu herausragenden Ausdrucksmoeglichkeiten der Malerei nach. Die Autorin bundelt ihre Kompetenzen als Restauratorin, Biochemikerin und Kunsthistorikerin in der Studie, die Theorie und Praxis auf fruchtbare Weise verbindet.

Themes of the American West have been enduringly popular, and The American West in Bronze features sixty-five iconic bronzes that display a range of subjects, from portrayals of the noble Indian to rough-and-tumble scenes of rowdy cowboys to tributes to the pioneers who settled the lands west of the Mississippi. Fascinating texts offer a fresh look at the roles that artists played in creating interpretations of the "vanishing West"-whether based on fact, fiction, or something in-between. These artists, including Charles M. Russell and Frederic Remington, embody a range of life experiences and artistic approaches. Some grew up in the West and based their artwork on first-hand experience, while others never set foot west of the Rockies. Four thematic sections-Indians, animals, cowboys, and settlers-are illustrated with new photography and provide a cultural overview to the works presented. Also included are biographies of the artists, each illustrated with a vintage portrait, plus an illustrated chronology of historical and artistic events. Published by The Metropolitan Museum of Art/Distributed by Yale University Press Exhibition Schedule: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (12/17/13-04/13/14) Denver Art Museum (05/09/14-08/31/14) Nanjing Museum (October 2014-January 2015)

This beautiful book, companion publication to the exhibition of the same name, presents a complex overview of the life and career of the pioneering African American artist Henry O. Tanner (1859-1937). Recognized as the patriarch of African American artists, Tanner forged a path to international success, powerfully influencing younger black artists who came after him. Following a preface by David Driskell, the essays in this book - written by international scholars including Alan Braddock, Michael Leja, Jean-Claude Lesage, Richard Powell, Marc Simpson, Tyler Stovall, and Helene Valance - explore many facets of Tanner's life, including his upbringing in post-Civil War Philadelphia, his background as the son of a bishop in the African Methodist Episcopal church, and his role as the first major academically trained African American artist. Additional essays discuss Tanner's expatriate life in France, his depictions of the Holy Land and North Africa, and the scientific and technical innovations reflected in his oeuvre. Edited and introduced by Anna O. Marley, this volume expands our understanding of Tanner's place in art history, showing that his status as a painter was deeply influenced by his race but not decided by it. Contributors include: Brian Baade; Alan Braddock; Marcus Bruce; Adrienne L. Childs; Robert Cozzolino; David Driskell; Amber Kerr-Allison; Michael Leja; Jean-Claude Lesage; Anna O. Marley; Olivier Meslay; Richard Powell; Marc Simpson; Tyler Stovall; and, Helene Valance.

Por primera vez en la historia de los estudios sobre Gustavo Adolfo Becquer, El color del romanticismo presenta un nuevo punto de vista basado en un doble analisis comparativo: por un lado, entre el romanticismo aleman, en la persona de Novalis, y el espanol, en la persona de Becquer; y por otro lado, entre literatura y pintura, pues ambos escritores usan el color, especialmente el azul, como instrumento pictorico que les sirve a ambos para solucionar la insuficiencia lingueistica de la que parece adolecer la literatura romantica europea. A la zaga de los teoricos del color decimononicos, principalmente Goethe y su libro Zur Farbenlehre (Hacia una teoria de los colores), de 1810, el estudio semantico del uso del color azul en ambos poetas permite una clasificacion entre usos oniricos y no oniricos de dicho color, que situa a Becquer en un mas apropiado lugar en el panorama de los romanticos europeos.

Cézanne’s Bathers: Biography and the Erotics of Paint discusses an epochal shift in the representation of sexuality in modern art with the images of nudes made by Paul Cézanne. Cézanne was the first painter of the twentieth century who, through careful study of avant-garde precedents including Manet and Courbet, would transform the material qualities of his art into an erotics of paint—that is to say, an eroticization of medium, of the liquidity of paint and the resistance of the canvas, of the trembling of the contour, of the oiliness of the pigment, and of countless other painterly effects. By dislocating the erotics of his subject from the bodies he depicted and transposing it onto these formal qualities, Cézanne set the stage for the explorations of a number of later artists, including Henri Matisse, who saw in Cézanne the possibilities of the modern painting of the nude. Cézanne’s Bathers: Biography and the Erotics of Paint proposes a new way of reading Cézanne’s biography not simply as a form of myth-making but also as a form of art criticism; at the same time, it proposes a reading of Cézanne’s images of bathers that accounts for their strangenesses and for the pleasures they produce. It is a book that is fiercely engaged with arguments about these paintings that have come before, mining the writings of figures such as Meyer Schapiro, Tamar Garb, and T. J. Clark to discover a new way of looking at these strange works.

"Geography of the Gaze" offers a new history and theory of how the way we look at things influences what we see. Focusing on Western Europe from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, Renzo Dubbini shows how developments in science, art, mapping, and visual epistemology affected the ways natural and artificial landscapes were perceived and portrayed.
He begins with the idea of the "view," explaining its role in the invention of landscape painting and in the definition of landscape as a cultural space. Among other topics, Dubbini explores how the descriptive and pictorial techniques used in mariners' charts, view-oriented atlases, military cartography, and garden design were linked to the proliferation of highly realistic paintings of landscapes and city scenes; how the "picturesque" system for defining and composing landscapes affected not just art but also archaeology and engineering; and how the ever-changing modern cityscapes inspired new ways of seeing and representing the urban scene in Impressionist painting, photography, and stereoscopy. A marvelous history of viewing, "Geography of the Gaze" will interest everyone from scientists to artists.

A fascinating exploration of the time Winslow Homer spent in England and how it influenced his art Winslow Homer (1836-1910) is widely regarded as the greatest American painter of the 19th century, but it is not well known that he spent a pivotal period of time on the other side of the Atlantic. The eighteen months Homer spent in England in 1881 and 1882-studying the work of masters such as J. M. W. Turner and Lawrence Alma-Tadema, and exploring the landscape of coastal villages-irrevocably shaped his creative identity. This beautifully designed and produced publication explores Homer's time in England and how it influenced his art, as he attempted to reconcile his affinity for traditional subject matter with his increasingly modern aesthetic vision. Coming Away complicates our understanding of his work and convincingly argues that it has more cosmopolitan underpinnings than previously thought. Published in association with the Worcester Art Museum and the Milwaukee Art Museum Exhibition Schedule: Worcester Art Museum (11/11/17-02/04/18) Milwaukee Art Museum (03/02/18-05/20/18)

Jonathan Crary's Techniques of the Observer provides a dramatically new perspective on the visual culture of the nineteenth century, reassessing problems of both visual modernism and social modernity. This analysis of the historical formation of the observer is a compelling account of the prehistory of the society of the spectacle. In Techniques of the Observer Jonathan Crary provides a dramatically new perspective on the visual culture of the nineteenth century, reassessing problems of both visual modernism and social modernity. Inverting conventional approaches, Crary considers the problem of visuality not through the study of art works and images, but by analyzing the historical construction of the observer. He insists that the problems of vision are inseparable from the operation of social power and examines how, beginning in the 1820s, the observer became the site of new discourses and practices that situated vision within the body as a physiological event. Alongside the sudden appearance of physiological optics, Crary points out, theories and models of "subjective vision" were developed that gave the observer a new autonomy and productivity while simultaneously allowing new forms of control and standardization of vision. Crary examines a range of diverse work in philosophy, in the empirical sciences, and in the elements of an emerging mass visual culture. He discusses at length the significance of optical apparatuses such as the stereoscope and of precinematic devices, detailing how they were the product of new physiological knowledge. He also shows how these forms of mass culture, usually labeled as "realist," were in fact based on abstract models of vision, and he suggests that mimetic or perspectival notions of vision and representation were initially abandoned in the first half of the nineteenth century within a variety of powerful institutions and discourses, well before the modernist painting of the 1870s and 1880s.

This book takes a new, interdisciplinary approach to analyzing modern Viennese visual culture, one informed by Austro-German theater, contemporary medical treatises centered on hysteria, and an original examination of dramatic gestures in expressionist artworks. It centers on the following question: How and to what end was the human body discussed, portrayed, and utilized as an aesthetic metaphor in turn-of-the-century Vienna? By scrutinizing theatrically "hysterical" performances, avant-garde puppet plays, and images created by Oskar Kokoschka, Koloman Moser, Egon Schiele and others, Nathan J. Timpano discusses how Viennese artists favored the pathological or puppet-like body as their contribution to European modernism.

This fascinating catalogue documents the English obsession with marble sculpture, during the seventeenth and eighteenth century. The display of classical sculpture was an essential requisite of every grand house in Britain during that period, and shaped the nature of the English country house - Holkham Hall, Kedleston Hall, Syon House, and many other equally famous examples. The master example was the Arundel collection, which itself drew on Italian precedents. There sculpture had been mounted in gardens, and the exedra as a means of display was taken over into English practice. The entrance hall with sculpture was then developed in unique form alongside the long gallery. Also to be considered are crypts and grottos, and study collections in the houses of men like Charles Townley, and indeed John Soane. This fascinating survey by Ruth Guilding gives valuable insight into an essential aspect of English 18th-century taste and culture. "...never forget that the most valuable acquisition a man of refined taste can make is a piece of fine Greek sculpture", as Hamilton wrote to Townley in 1771."

The first volume of" French Drawings and Sketchbooks of the Nineteenth Century," the third part in an ongoing series of text-fiche publications presenting the distinguished drawing collection of the Art Institute, contains works by artists born between 1770 and 1830. This period includes Ingres, who is represented by nine drawings, including five exemplary pencil portraits, and Gericault, whose extraordinary album of sixty-four sheets, reproduced here, represents two crucial phases of the artist's career. The text-fiche also contains drawings by Delacroix and Daumier, which range from casual study sheets to complete pictorial compositions, as well as important groups of drawings by Millet and Bresdin, a group of important, but as yet unknown, drawings by the great sculptor Carpeaux, and an impressive sheet by Courbt.

This volume is unique in its focus on cross-fertilisation in the arts, on very specific exploration of liminal spaces, and on the representation of marginal figures in writing. The essays here grew out of the Borders and Margins colloquium, held at Leeds Trinity University, UK, in April 2010, which was the fourth in a series of colloquia. This collection, moreover, contributes to a growing area of scholarship which explores Anglo-French interactions and exchanges. In choosing the term "liminality", the editors are aware of its nuanced implications, allowing suggestions both of the initial and the transitional. The contributors here are academics from the fields of literature, history and art history, and their essays cover art history, literature, cultural history, the arts, and faith. Altogether, this collection evokes a sense of temporal shift, in that changes in values and focus are uncovered as the nineteenth century progresses. Some have an ekphrastic quality, showing how pictures can have a narrative, and how pictures, as well as texts, can be encoded with moral and social interpretations. Close scrutiny is applied to different kinds of texts, fiction and non-fiction, and the purposes for which they were produced. This book will appeal to scholars and academics interested in a wide range of cross-categorisational transactions in nineteenth-century Britain. It will be of interest to scholars of Victorian culture, and English nineteenth-century literature and art, particularly in terms of genre, as well as to academics interested in the development of social, personal, and national identities.