This revised fourth edition of the publication, the so-called Blue Book, continues providing precise and updated information on the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) serviced by the UNECE Sustainable Transport Division: on its historical background, its administrative and legal framework with a user's guide, and the three international UN Agreements administered by the World Forum. Note: The fourth edition of the Blue Book had been published in 2019

This Safety Guide will aid regulatory bodies and users of radioactive material. It provides the relevant requirements as detailed in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR?6 (Rev. 1) as applicable to the type of radioactive material, package or shipment. Once a consignor has properly classified the radioactive material to be shipped (following the recommendations provided in this Safety Guide), the appropriate UN number can be assigned and the paragraph numbers of specific requirements for shipment can be found in the corresponding schedule. This publication supersedes IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG?33, issued in 2015.

This publication provides guidance and recommendations on arrangements to be made at the preparedness stage, as part of overall emergency preparedness, for emergencies involving the transport of radioactive material. The guidance and recommendations in this Safety Guide are aimed at any State and its government, and at regulatory bodies and other response organizations, including consignors, carriers and consignees. It supports the implementation of the requirements established in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR Part 7 for such emergencies, irrespective of their cause, and the IAEA Transport Regulations, IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR?6 (Rev. 1).

The Review of Maritime Transport 2021 provides an in-depth analysis and update on developments in seaborne trade, the maritime industry and markets, key performance indicators, and the legal and regulatory environment. The 2021 issue includes a new chapter on maritime trade facilitation issues, counting on a number of novel data sets that help analyze the performance of seaports in terms of productivity and connectivity, as well as the world fleet in terms of emissions. The 2021 issue also provides a thorough review of the impact and implications that the COVID-19 pandemic has on ports and the maritime businesses, and how the industry has responded. It includes a stand-alone chapter assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on seafarers and difficulties to arrange for crew changes

Given the strategic role of seaports and of other coastal transport infrastructure as part of the global trading system and the potential for climate-related delays and disruptions across global supply chains, enhancing the climate resilience of key transport infrastructure is a matter of strategic economic importance. Legal and regulatory approaches, as well as policies and plans are going to be key to efforts at facilitating effective risk and vulnerability assessments and providing a supportive framework for adaptation action at all levels. Guidance, standards, best practices, methodologies and other tools in support of adaptation are urgently required, and targeted capacity building is going to be critical, especially for the most vulnerable countries. This includes SIDS, which depend on their ports and coastal airports for food and energy needs, external trade and - crucially - tourism, which typically accounts for a major share of GDP. Against this background and drawing on UNCTAD's related work, since 2008, this compilation of policies and practices has been prepared to contribute to bridging a knowledge gap with regards to climate change impacts and adaptation for coastal transport infrastructure. The compilation presents examples of legal and policy approaches, as well as of reports, studies and guidance to support climate risk, vulnerability and impact assessment, and the development of effective adaptation response measures for coastal transport infrastructure, with a view to informing and inspiring policy makers, national authorities, transport managers, infrastructure owners, and other interested stakeholders in their efforts..

This study highlights the challenges faced by international traders and the types of efforts needed for greater regional and global economic integration. It will support the government at formulating trade reforms, and therefore enable the government to ensure the successful achievement of the global sustainable development goals. The recommendations were born out of consultations with the government, drawing on extensive field surveys targeting supply chain actors, legislative analysis and trade indices. The study also featured a special focus on female-owned enterprises, with a view to gaining a better understanding of the specific challenges to increasing their participation in international trade.

Logistics Transportation Systems compiles multiple topics on transportation logistics systems from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives, providing detailed examples of real-world logistics workflows. It explores the key concepts and problem-solving techniques required by researchers and logistics professionals to effectively manage the continued expansion of logistics transportation systems, which is expected to reach an estimated 25 billion tons in the United States alone by 2045. This book provides an ample understanding of logistics transportation systems, including basic concepts, in-depth modeling analysis, and network analysis for researchers and practitioners. In addition, it covers policy issues related to transportation logistics, such as security, rules and regulations, and emerging issues including reshoring. This book is an ideal guide for academic researchers and both undergraduate and graduate students in transportation modeling, supply chains, planning, and systems. It is also useful to transportation practitioners involved in planning, feasibility studies, consultation and policy for transportation systems, logistics, and infrastructure.

Member States in the UNECE/WHO European Region established the Transport, Health and Environment Pan European Programme (THE PEP) in 2002. It is an intersectoral and intergovernmental policy framework and it aims to promote mobility and transport strategies that integrate environmental and health concerns. THE PEP has developed, over the years, implementation mechanisms to support the work of member States. One of those mechanisms comprises THE PEP Partnerships. THE PEP Partnerships provide a means by which member States and other stakeholders can work together in greater depth on specific issues and develop tools, methods and other resources to support policy implementation. This publication takes stock of the work done by the Partnerships, and the results achieved, and provides a clear basis for discussions on their future during the Fifth Meeting of the High-level Meeting on Transport, Health and Environment (Vienna, 22-24 October 2019).

Careers in transportation and logistics offer a wide array of options for today's job seeker. As our transportation system becomes more technologically advanced, demand for workers with specific skills with continue to grow. Today's career options in this industry segment run the gamut across several sectors, and include both domestic and international jobs, including: -Truck & Delivery Drivers -Public Transportation -Distribution Operations -Traffic and Travel Logistics -Water Transportation -Air Transportation -Expeditors & Logisticians -Railroad Transportation

World maritime trade lost momentum in 2018, with volumes expanding at 2.7 per cent, below the historical averages of 3.0 per cent and 4.1 per cent recorded in 2017. Total volumes are estimated to have reached 11 billion tons, an all-time high, according to UNCTAD records. UNCTAD is projecting 2.6 per cent growth in 2019 and an annual average growth rate of 3.4 per cent for the period 2019-2024. However, the outlook remains challenging, given the heightened uncertainty regarding trade policy and wide-ranging downside risks clouding the horizon. In 2018, world merchandise trade growth decelerated at an unexpected rate, and tariffs on trade between China and the United States of America escalated amid mounting trade tensions and a proliferation of national trade-restrictive measures. Apart from trade policy crosscurrents, geopolitics and sanctions, environmental concerns, fuel economics and tensions involving the Strait of Hormuz - a strategic maritime chokepoint - were in the headlines. Other forces at work continued to slowly reshape the maritime transport landscape. A new normal, contrasting with the historical perspective, appears to be taking hold. This trend is characterized by overall moderate growth in the global economy and trade, a supply chain restructuring in favour of more regionalized trade flows, a continued rebalancing of the Chinese economy, a larger role of technology and services in value chains and logistics, intensified and more frequent natural disasters and climate-related disruptions, and an accelerated environmental sustainability agenda with an increased awareness of the impact of global warming. A transition to the new normal calls for an improved understanding of the main issues at stake, better planning, and flexible and forward-looking-policies that can effectively anticipate change and enable appropriate response measures that take into account the heterogenous nature of developing countries as a group and their varied local conditions and needs..

This publication is the outcome of work of the UNECE Group of Experts on Euro-Asian Transport Links (EATL) in phase III of the project (2013-2017). The report was drafted by a consultant from the Scientific and Research Institute of Motor Transport (NIIAT) in Moscow and is focused both at coordination and facilitation of financing of infrastructural projects, as well as facilitating and removing physical and administrative bottlenecks at border crossings in overland transport between Europe and Asia. The report is a particularly useful tool for transport policy-makers from Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) and transit countries in the Euro-Asian region and beyond, in that it, inter alia: i) Identifies and describes main commodity groups for the transport of which inland modes of transport can compete with maritime and aviation modes (incl. non-containerized, containerized and high-value containerized cargo); ii) Provides analysis showing the economic advantage (in terms of time and costs) of inland routes compared to air or maritime routes; and iii) Identifies the current strengths and weaknesses and lists several recommendations to make inland routes more competitive vis-a-vis the other modes. The EATL project's principal value to the market is that it paved the way for the operation of container "block trains". The development of the block trains, the so called "highways of railways" made the Euro-Asian corridors operational, serving as a regular mechanism controlled by the market that evaluates the service levels and requests for greater facilitation, cooperation and investment.

This publication contains a series of good practices and recommendations on effectively communicating the results of population projections. In this publication, "communication" encompasses not only how projections should be disseminated to users, but also what should be communicated. The aim is to improve the coherence between what is produced by national statistical offices and what is needed by users, planners and decision makers.

The Guidance on Modernizing Statistical Legislation aims to support and inspire countries wishing to benchmark or update the legal framework of their national statistical systems. Based on a review of the current legal and institutional frameworks and the operational environment of statistical production, the Guidance identifies common elements of statistical legislation and their intended outcomes as well as emerging issues relevant for statistical legislation. The Guidance builds on the Generic Law on Official Statistics developed by the UNECE for the countries of eastern Europe, Caucasus and central Asia and is aligned to the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics, the European Statistics Code of practice and the OECD Recommendation on Good Statistical Practice

Road safety is an important sustainable development goal, yet relatively underappreciated and greatly underfunded. Every year, more than 1.2 million people are killed globally while another 50 million are injured as a consequence of road traffic accidents. Approximately 90% of all road accidents now happen in low- and middle-income countries. Recognising the need to support member States in urgently and effectively addressing road safety challenges, three of the United Nations regional commissions initiated the project: "Strengthening the national road safety management capacities of selected developing countries and countries with economies in transition". The project aimed to assist four countries to enhance their national road safety management capacities and to effectively address and improve their national road safety records. The project was implemented in Albania, Dominican Republic, Georgia and Viet Nam. The Road Safety Performance Reviews assessed the current road safety situation, helped the Governments concerned to identify the most critical road safety issues and recommended actions to be taken. Based on the identified priority needs, capacity-building seminars and workshops for national road safety stakeholders were organized. Additionally, the project raised public awareness on road safety issues and sensitized national experts, as well as the public and non-governmental sectors to the need to set ambitious road safety targets and implement specific measures to improve road safety.

Improving the competitiveness of Kazakhstan as a transport logistics centre at the crossroads of Europe and Asia could enable the country to unlock significant untapped benefits of growing cargo flows between the two continents. This study identifies the transport infrastructure and services available in Kazakhstan, reviews the country's extensive recent and future transport investments, and sets out recommendations to ensure its transport network is ready to harness the growth in inland transport from rising East-West trade, particularly in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, within which Kazakhstan could occupy a strategic geographical position. To further capitalize on Kazakhstan's pivotal role in Euro-Asian transport logistics, this study also presents the benefits of adhering to and implementing the full spectrum of UN Transport Conventions and Legal Instruments administered by UNECE, and through its continued participation in UNECE initiatives such as the Euro-Asian Transport Links project. The study also highlights strengthening the harmonization of legislation as one of the most important conditions for the development of the transport infrastructure of Kazakhstan and the broader region, of which Kazakhstan is a member.

The ATP is an Agreement between States, and there is no overall enforcing authority. In practice, highway checks are carried out by Contracting Parties, and non-compliance may then result in legal action by national authorities against offenders in accordance with their domestic legislation.

Sustainable Transportation and Smart Logistics: Decision-Making Models and Solutions provides deterministic and probabilistic models for transportation logistics problem-solving and decision-making. The book presents an overview of the intersections between sustainability, transportation, and logistics, and delves into the current problems associated with the implementation of sustainable transportation and smart logistics in urban settings. It also offers models for addressing complex structural problems and procedures for estimating transportation externalities such as environmental and social impacts, both in industrial and government arenas, as well as decision-making models from operational, tactical, and strategic management perspectives. Sustainable Transportation and Smart Logistics also covers best practices for practical corporate policy implementation, making it a comprehensive and vital resource for researchers, graduate students, practitioners, and policy makers in transportation, logistics, urban planning, economics, engineering, and environmental science.

Economic Role of Transport Infrastructure: Theory and Models helps evaluate the economic effects of transport infrastructure investments within a cost-benefit framework for maximum economic impact. The book analyzes the primary empirical approaches used to gauge the economic effects of transport infrastructures, providing in-depth discussions on data issues, input-output techniques, and econometric methodologies. Users will find empirical evidence organized from a transport mode point-of-view, inspiring researchers to conduct comparative analysis for various infrastructure projects. Topics cover infrastructure's impact on economic growth using theoretical frameworks, including exogenous growth models, endogenous growth models, and new economic geography models. In addition, readers will also learn tips for conducting infrastructure impact studies and how to improve the effectiveness of infrastructural investments design.

iHorizon-Enabled Energy Management for Electrified Vehicles proposes a realistic solution that assumes only scarce information is available prior to the start of a journey and that limited computational capability can be allocated for energy management. This type of framework exploits the available resources and closely emulates optimal results that are generated with an offline global optimal algorithm. In addition, the authors consider the present and future of the automotive industry and the move towards increasing levels of automation. Driver vehicle-infrastructure is integrated to address the high level of interdependence of hybrid powertrains and to comply with connected vehicle infrastructure. This book targets upper-division undergraduate students and graduate students interested in control applied to the automotive sector, including electrified powertrains, ADAS features, and vehicle automation.

With over 80 per cent of global trade by volume and more than 70 per cent of its value being carried on board ships and handled by seaports worldwide, the importance of maritime transport for trade and development cannot be overemphasized. The 2017 Review of Maritime Transport presents and discusses key developments in the world economy and international trade and related impacts on shipping demand and supply, freight and charter markets, as well as seaports and the regulatory and legal framework. In addition to relevant developments in 2016 and the first half of 2017, this year's edition of the Review also features a special chapter on maritime transport connectivity, reflecting the prominence of physical and electronic connectivity as a priority area in the trade and development policy agenda.

This book presents a regularly updated inventory of existing and envisaged standards and parameters of E waterways (Pan-European network of inland waterways of international importance) and ports in Europe and shows, on an internationally comparable basis, the current inland navigation infrastructure parameters as compared to the minimum standards and parameters prescribed in the European Agreement on Mainland Inland Waterways of International Importance (AGN). It identifies bottlenecks and missing links in the existing E waterway network. This 3rd revised edition has just been prepared by the UNECE Transport Division in accordance with the instructions of member States.

The inclusion of the explicit reference to urban transport in the SDG 11 is further confirmation that transport is an essential component of the overall sustainable development. It is crucial to eradicating poverty and economic growth (access to markets and jobs), improving education (access to schools), protecting child and maternal health (access to medical services), and enhancing environmental sustainability and traffic safety. The Inland Transport Committee (ITC), as the unique inland transport intergovernmental body, through this publication 'Sustainable Urban Mobility and Public Transport', wishes to contributes to the global debate and facilitate consensus on the important role of the sector in sustainable urban mobility and transport development in the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. The results of this study presents, analyses and benchmarks the public transport networks and mobility services of thirty six UNECE Capitals. Concrete recommendations towards the development of sustainable public transport and urban mobility networks are provided considering that all public transport modes are efficiently interconnected and that cycling and walking are integral parts of such networks as well

This publication is part of WP.29. 'How it works and how to join it' series. It examines issues, progress and challenges in efforts to improve the safety and wellbeing of motorcycle riders through the use of approved motorcycle helmets. The growth in motorcycles is accompanied by an increase in serious and fatal accidents. Evidence shows that once internationally harmonized helmet regulations, such as the UN Regulation No. 22 type-approval system for helmets, are in place and laws on helmet wearing are enforced, these trends tend to reverse. In examining the relationship of income growth and national motorcycle fleet expansion, this study argues the socio-economic case for introduction of helmet regulations and their enforcement by delivering a benefit-cost analysis of taking such legislative actions.

This study examines issues, progress and challenges in global efforts to achieve sustainable mobility of freight and people using inland modes of transport. While transport is a precondition for social and economic interactions, it has negative impacts (crashes, pollution and greenhouse gas emissions). The study identifies main challenges and opportunities to accelerate transition to sustainability. It promotes an understanding of the five defining dimensions of sustainable transport - accessibility, affordability, safety, security and environmental performance. It brings theoretical insights and best practices from around the world and maps similarities and differences among countries in their efforts towards sustainability.

The manner in which the transport sector has been developed and is being maintained in some countries is widely criticised. Negative opinions are often formed about the government's capability in handling the sector due to the persistent presence of numerous mobility-related problems and the weak response to challenges and needs. This edited volume presents a collection of eight papers which provide information on various dimensions of the transport sector in India and EU, including pedestrian and eco-friendly systems of travel, private sector participation in railways, railways' share in transport market and the economic impact of railways, rail signaling and telecommunication systems, road traffic and air pollution scenario, inland waterways, and energy consumption and CO2 emissions from road transport. The contributing authors have explained how improvements can be achieved in rail, road and waterways sector, and proposed measures for building enhanced mobility systems which are environment friendly and sustainable.