Introduction to RF Power Amplifier Design and Simulation fills a gap in the existing literature by providing step-by-step guidance for the design of radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers, from analytical formulation to simulation, implementation, and measurement. Featuring numerous illustrations and examples of real-world engineering applications, this book: Gives an overview of intermodulation and elaborates on the difference between linear and nonlinear amplifiers Describes the high-frequency model and transient characteristics of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors Details active device modeling techniques for transistors and parasitic extraction methods for active devices Explores network and scattering parameters, resonators, matching networks, and tools such as the Smith chart Covers power-sensing devices including four-port directional couplers and new types of reflectometers Presents RF filter designs for power amplifiers as well as application examples of special filter types Demonstrates the use of computer-aided design (CAD) tools, implementing systematic design techniques Blending theory with practice, Introduction to RF Power Amplifier Design and Simulation supplies engineers, researchers, and RF/microwave engineering students with a valuable resource for the creation of efficient, better-performing, low-profile, high-power RF amplifiers.

This handbook is dedicated to the next generation of automation engineers working in the fields of measurement, control, and safety, describing the sensors and detectors used in the measurement of process variables.

Make: Sensors is the definitive introduction and guide to the sometimes-tricky world of using sensors to monitor the physical world. With dozens of projects and experiments for you to build, this book shows you how to build sensor projects with both Arduino and Raspberry Pi. Use Arduino when you need a low-power, low-complexity brain for your sensor, and choose Raspberry Pi when you need to perform additional processing using the Linux operating system running on that device.You'll learn about touch sensors, light sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetic sensors, as well as temperature, humidity, and gas sensors.

Sensor technologies have experienced dramatic growth in recent years, making a significant impact on national security, health care, environmental improvement, energy management, food safety, construction monitoring, manufacturing and process control, and more. However, education on sensor technologies has not kept pace with this rapid development ... until now. Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive, and Magnetic Sensor Technologies examines existing, new, and novel sensor technologies and-through real-world examples, sample problems, and practical exercises-illustrates how the related science and engineering principles can be applied across multiple disciplines, offering greater insight into various sensors' operating mechanisms and practical functions. The book assists readers in understanding resistive, capacitive, inductive, and magnetic (RCIM) sensors, as well as sensors with similar design concepts, characteristics, and circuitry. Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive, and Magnetic Sensor Technologies is a complete and comprehensive overview of RCIM sensing technologies. It takes a unique approach in describing a broad range of sensing technologies and their diverse applications by first reviewing the necessary physics, and then explaining the sensors' intrinsic mechanisms, distinctive designs, materials and manufacturing methods, associated noise types, signal conditioning circuitry, and practical applications. The text not only covers silicon and metallic sensors but also those made of modern and specialized materials such as ceramics, polymers, and organic substances. It provides cutting-edge information useful to students, researchers, scientists, and practicing professionals involved in the design and application of sensor-based products in fields such as biomedical engineering, mechatronics, robotics, aerospace, and beyond.

This book is devoted to the recent advances in the development of artificial sensory systems widely known as electronic tongues (ET). It contains contributions by prominent authors from all over the world. Each chapter focuses on a particular research direction in modern ET. It introduces and discusses in detail various designs, sensor materials, transduction principles, and applications. The book shows a screenshot of diverse research efforts in the field of ET and will hopefully inspire new fruitful ideas and significant practical advances.

Advanced Steel Design of Structures examines the design principles of steel members under special loads and covers special geometric forms and conditions not typically presented in standard design books. It explains advanced concepts in a simple manner using numerous illustrative examples and MATLAB (R) codes. Features: Provides analysis of members under unsymmetrical bending Includes coverage of structures with special geometry and their use in offshore applications for ultra-deep water oil and gas exploration Presents numerical modeling and analysis of steel members under fire conditions, impact, and blast loads Includes MATLAB (R) examples that will aid in the capacity building of civil engineering students approaching this complex subject Written for a broad audience, the presentation of design concepts of steel members will be suitable for upper-level undergraduate students. The advanced design theories for offshore structures under special loads will be an attractive feature for post-graduate students and researchers. Practicing engineers will also find the book useful, as it includes numerous solved examples and practical tutorials.

Experimental Methods for Engineers, 8/e, offers the broadest range of experimental measurement techniques available for mechanical and general engineering applications. Offering clear descriptions of the general behavior of different measurement techniques, such as pressure, flow, and temperature, the text emphasizes the use of uncertainty analysis and statistical data analysis in estimating the accuracy of measurements. Maintaining its thorough coverage of thermal-fluid measurement techniques, the text continues to emphasize experimental uncertainties as essential elements in experiment design, execution, and instrument selection.

Das Buch ist ein umfassendes Nachschlagewerk der Wagepraxis fur alle, die Waagen in Industrie und Wissenschaft einsetzen. Es erlautert uber 1000 Begriffe aus der Wagetechnik und aus verwandten Gebieten. Zahlreiche Abbildungen tragen zum besseren Verstandnis bei. Entstanden ist das Lexikon als Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB) und des Waagenherstellers METTLER TOLEDO."

The Shortt clock, made in the 1920s, is the most famous accurate clock pendulum ever known, having an accuracy of one second per year when kept at nearly constant temperature. Almost all of a pendulum clock's accuracy resides in its pendulum. If the pendulum is accurate, the clock will be accurate. In this book, the author describes many scientific aspects of pendulum design and operation in simple terms with experimental data, and little mathematics. It has been written, looking at all the different parts and aspects of the pendulum in great detail, chapter by chapter, reflecting the degree of attention necessary for making a pendulum run accurately. The topics covered include the dimensional stability of different pendulum materials, good and poor suspension spring designs, the design of mechanical joints and clamps, effect of quartz on accuracy, temperature compensation, air drag of different bob shapes and making a sinusoidal electromagnetic drive. One whole chapter is devoted to simple ways of improving the accuracy of ordinary low-cost pendulum clocks, which have a different construction compared to the more expensive designs of substantially well-made ones. This book will prove invaluable to anyone who wants to know how to make a more accurate pendulum or pendulum clock.

Asia is home to 60 per cent of the world's population, including the world's two most populous nations, China and India. The region's economic gains and rising middle class are accelerating demand for more consumer goods and a better quality of life. For further economic growth to be realised, the region will need a massive supply of additional energy, three- to five-fold 2020's amount by 2050. These changes create new business and investment opportunities for domestic companies and overseas participants. Asia's energy market, already the world's biggest, will soon be the most advanced. There will be mass adoption of digital technologies, like artificial intelligence, to make the distribution of solar, wind and other clean resources, smarter and more efficient. Led by China, billions of dollars in capital investment will drive the region's shift to green, sustainable energy, replacing polluting and expensive fossil fuels, which will help to rein in climate change. In Asia's Energy Revolution, leading energy markets analyst and practitioner Joseph Jacobelli explains why Asia is the world's most important territory for energy transition, how developments in the region will drive change in the rest of the world as well as how it will all be financed. The book discussion includes: Analysis of past events and forward-looking analysis of the industry in the region encompassing commercial, economic, and financial aspects Appraisal of new energy technologies, such as electric vehicles, and digital solutions, such as blockchain for energy Review of the capital flows and sustainable financing channels needed to fund energy infrastructure and tech growth

This book aims to discuss the basic principles of an electronic nose, and to provide an account of recent developments in this field, with practical examples of its application. It seeks to review the field together with the many new developments that have occurred since the first meeting was held on electronic noses in Iceland in 1991. It will be essential reading for anyone who is working, researching or simply interested in electronic noses or machine olfaction. A comprehensive appendix is provided at the end of the book.

This book captures the latest results and techniques for cooperative localization and navigation drawn from a broad array of disciplines. It provides the reader with a generic and comprehensive view of modeling, strategies, and state estimation methodologies in that fields. It discusses the most recent research and novel advances in that direction, exploring the design of algorithms and architectures, benefits, and challenging aspects, as well as a potential broad array of disciplines, including wireless communication, indoor localization, robotics, emergency rescue, motion analysis, etc.

This book presents in-depth coverage of magnetic sensors in industrial applications. It is divided into three sections: devices and technology for magnetic sensing, industrial applications (automotive, navigation), and emerging applications. Topics include transmission speed sensor ICs, dynamic differential Hall ICs, chopped Hall switches, programmable linear output Hall sensors, low power Hall ICs, self-calibrating differential Hall ICs for wheel speed sensing, dynamic differential Hall ICs, uni- and bipolar Hall IC switches, chopped mono cell Hall ICs, and electromagnetic levitation.

Plant Flow Measurement and Control Handbook is a comprehensive reference source for practicing engineers in the field of instrumentation and controls. It covers many practical topics, such as installation, maintenance and potential issues, giving an overview of available techniques, along with recommendations for application. In addition, it covers available flow sensors, such as automation and control. The author brings his 35 years of experience in working in instrumentation and control within the industry to this title with a focus on fluid flow measurement, its importance in plant design and the appropriate control of processes. The book provides a good balance between practical issues and theory and is fully supported with industry case studies and a high level of illustrations to assist learning. It is unique in its coverage of multiphase flow, solid flow, process connection to the plant, flow computation and control. Readers will not only further understand design, but they will also further comprehend integration tactics that can be applied to the plant through a step-by-step design process that goes from installation to operation.

This book explains the principles of biosignal processing and its practical applications using MATLAB. Topics include the emergence of biosignals, electrophysiology, analog and digital biosignal processing, signal discretization, electrodes, time and frequency analysis, analog and digital filters, Fourier-transformation, z-transformation, pattern recognition, statistical data analysis, physiological modelling and applications of EEG, ECG, EMG, PCG and PPG signals. Additional scientifi c contributions on motion analysis by guest authors Prof. Dr. J. Subke and B. Schneider as well as classification of PPG signals by Dr. U. Hackstein.

Control systems include many components, such as transducers, sensors, actuators and mechanical parts. These components are required to be operated under some specific conditions. However, due to prolonged operations or harsh operating environment, the properties of these devices may degrade to an unacceptable level, causing more regular fault occurrences. It is therefore necessary to diagnose faults and provide the fault-accommodation control which compensates for the fault of the component by substituting a configuration of redundant elements so that the system continues to operate satisfactorily. In this book, we present a result of several years of work in the area of fault diagnosis and fault-accommodation control. It aims at information estimate methods when faults occur. The book uses the model built from the plant or process, to detect and isolate failures, in contrast to traditional hardware or statistical technologies dealing with failures. It presents model-based learning and design technologies for fault detection, isolation and identification as well as fault-tolerant control. These models are also used to analyse the fault detectability and isolability conditions and discuss the stability of the closed-loop system. It is intended to report new technologies in the area of fault diagnosis, covering fault analysis and control strategies of design for various applications. The book addresses four main schemes: modelling of actuator or sensor faults; fault detection and isolation; fault identification, and fault reconfiguration (accommodation) control. It also covers application issues in the monitoring control of actuators, providing several interesting case studies for more application-oriented readers.

The tubular thermosyphon is a very simple idea for transferring heat. Fluid inside a tube is circulated by buoyancy forces and thus carries thermal energy from the hot end to the cold end with great efficiency. The device has many uses, from cooling equipment and machinery to recovering waste heat recovery and conserving energy. However the actual operating details of the thermosyphon are more complex and change dramatically with the circumstances. The length and diameter of the tube, the nature and state of the fluid, the strength and variation of the body force field all influence the internal circulation pattern and thus create different operating characteristics. This book deals with each of these variations thoroughly and systematically. Emphasis is placed on the physical principles underlying thermal behavior under single-phase or evaporative conditions, whether the tube is stationary or rotating and whether it is straight or bent. Consideration is also given to other devices having a similar purpose. This study will be of special interest to mechanical, chemical, electrical and geotechnical engineers, and graduate students concerned with thermosyphon technology.

Featuring detector technology capable of sensing even a few photons, this valuablereference guide provides criteria for selecting techniques and equipment appropriate tovarious types of faint signals. It highlights many important facets of photoconductivityand photodetection, including the measurement of weak photosignals in the presence ofnoise ... statistics relating to the creation, annihilation, and transport of charge carriers... and time-dependent behavior, photoquenching, negative photoconductivity, andphotosensitivity.Complete with more than 125 diagrams and tables, Photoconductivity: Art,Science, and Technology gives special attention to modem two-dimensionalphotodetectors . . . describes various configurations for experimental techniques inphotoconductivity measurements . . . surveys band structure properties, with usefulreference to such contemporary structures as n-i-p-i and modulation doped materials .. .illustrates the concept of noise in photoconductors and its role in detector technology .. .and observes unusual photoconducting properties in diluted magnetic semiconductors.Photoconductivity: Art, Science, and Technology serves as an indispensableresource for optical, electrical, laser, and aerospace engineers, physicists, materialsscientists, photonic scientists, and graduate students interested in these disciplines.

This book describes for readers various technical outcomes from the EU-project IoSense. The authors discuss sensor integration, including LEDs, dust sensors, LIDAR for automotive driving and 8 more, demonstrating their use in simulations for the design and fabrication of sensor systems. Readers will benefit from the coverage of topics such as sensor technologies for both discrete and integrated innovative sensor devices, suitable for high volume production, electrical, mechanical, security and software resources for integration of sensor system components into IoT systems and IoT-enabling systems, and IoT sensor system reliability. Describes from component to system level simulation, how to use the available simulation techniques for reaching a proper design with good performance; Explains how to use simulation techniques such as Finite Elements, Multi-body, Dynamic, stochastics and many more in the virtual design of sensor systems; Demonstrates the integration of several sensor solutions (thermal, dust, occupancy, distance, awareness and more) into large-scale system solutions in several industrial domains (Lighting, automotive, transport and more); Includes state-of-the-art simulation techniques, both multi-scale and multi-physics, for use in the electronic industry.

This book discusses the theory of quantum effects used in metrology, and presents the author's research findings in the field of quantum electronics. It also describes the quantum measurement standards used in various branches of metrology, such as those relating to electrical quantities, mass, length, time and frequency. The first comprehensive survey of quantum metrology problems, it introduces a new approach to metrology, placing a greater emphasis on its connection with physics, which is of importance for developing new technologies, nanotechnology in particular. Presenting practical applications of the effects used in quantum metrology for the construction of quantum standards and sensitive electronic components, the book is useful for a broad range of physicists and metrologists. It also promotes a better understanding and approval of the new system in both industry and academia. This second edition includes two new chapters focusing on the revised SI system and satellite positioning systems. Practical realization (mise en pratique) the base units (metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole), new defined in the revised SI, is presented in details. Another new chapter describes satellite positioning systems and their possible applications. In satellite positioning systems, like GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo, quantum devices - atomic clocks - serve wide population of users.

The Handbook of RAMS in Railway Systems: Theory and Practice addresses the complexity in today's railway systems, which use computers and electromechanical components to increase efficiency while ensuring a high level of safety. RAM (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability) addresses the specifications and standards that manufacturers and operators have to meet. Modeling, implementation, and assessment of RAM and safety requires the integration of railway engineering systems; mathematical and statistical methods; standards compliance; and financial/economic factors. This Handbook brings together a group of experts to present RAM and safety in a modern, comprehensive manner.

The Second Edition of the bestselling Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook brings together all aspects of the design and implementation of measurement, instrumentation, and sensors. Reflecting the current state of the art, it describes the use of instruments and techniques for performing practical measurements in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences and discusses processing systems, automatic data acquisition, reduction and analysis, operation characteristics, accuracy, errors, calibrations, and the incorporation of standards for control purposes. Organized according to measurement problem, the Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement volume of the Second Edition: Contains contributions from field experts, new chapters, and updates to all 98 existing chapters Covers sensors and sensor technology, time and frequency, signal processing, displays and recorders, and optical, medical, biomedical, health, environmental, electrical, electromagnetic, and chemical variables A concise and useful reference for engineers, scientists, academic faculty, students, designers, managers, and industry professionals involved in instrumentation and measurement research and development, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition: Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement provides readers with a greater understanding of advanced applications.

The concept of smart drug delivery vehicles involves designing and preparing a nanostructure (or microstructure) that can be loaded with a cargo, this can be a therapeutic drug, a contrast agent for imaging, or a nucleic acid for gene therapy. The nanocarrier serves to protect the cargo from degradation by enzymes in the body, to enhance the solubility of insoluble drugs, to extend the circulation half-life, and to enhance its penetration and accumulation at the target site. Importantly, smart nanocarriers can be designed to be responsive to a specific stimulus, so that the cargo is only released or activated when desired. In this volume we cover smart nanocarriers that respond to externally applied stimuli that usually involve application of physical energy. This physical energy can be applied from outside the body and can either cause cargo release, or can activate the nanostructure to be cytotoxic, or both. The stimuli covered include light of various wavelengths (ultraviolet, visible or infrared), temperature (increased or decreased), magnetic fields (used to externally manipulate nanostructures and to activate them), ultrasound, and electrical and mechanical forces. Finally we discuss the issue of nanotoxicology and the future scope of the field.

Energy Harvesting Autonomous Sensor Systems: Design, Analysis, and Practical Implementation provides a wide range of coverage of various energy harvesting techniques to enable the development of a truly self-autonomous and sustainable energy harvesting wireless sensor network (EH-WSN). It supplies a practical overview of the entire EH-WSN system from energy source all the way to energy usage by wireless sensor nodes/network. After an in-depth review of existing energy harvesting research thus far, the book focuses on: Outlines two wind energy harvesting (WEH) approaches, one using a wind turbine generator and one a piezoelectric wind energy harvester Covers thermal energy harvesting (TEH) from ambient heat sources with low temperature differences Presents two types of piezoelectric-based vibration energy harvesting systems to harvest impact or impulse forces from a human pressing a button or switch action Examines hybrid energy harvesting approaches that augment the reliability of the wireless sensor node's operation Discusses a hybrid wind and solar energy harvesting scheme to simultaneously use both energy sources and therefore extend the lifetime of the wireless sensor node Explores a hybrid of indoor ambient light and TEH scheme that uses only one power management circuit to condition the combined output power harvested from both energy sources Although the author focuses on small-scale energy harvesting, the systems discussed can be upsized to large-scale renewable energy harvesting systems. The book goes beyond theory to explore practical applications that not only solve real-life energy issues but pave the way for future work in this area.

On April 20, 2010, the crew of the floating drill rig Deepwater Horizon lost control of the Macondo oil well forty miles offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. Escaping gas and oil ignited, destroying the rig, killing eleven crew members, and injuring dozens more. The emergency spiraled into the worst human-made economic and ecological disaster in Gulf Coast history. Senior systems engineers Earl Boebert and James Blossom offer the most comprehensive account to date of BP's Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Sifting through a mountain of evidence generated by the largest civil trial in U.S. history, the authors challenge the commonly accepted explanation that the crew, operating under pressure to cut costs, made mistakes that were compounded by the failure of a key safety device. This explanation arose from legal, political, and public relations maneuvering over the billions of dollars in damages that were ultimately paid to compensate individuals and local businesses and repair the environment. But as this book makes clear, the blowout emerged from corporate and engineering decisions which, while individually innocuous, combined to create the disaster. Rather than focusing on blame, Boebert and Blossom use the complex interactions of technology, people, and procedures involved in the high-consequence enterprise of offshore drilling to illustrate a systems approach which contributes to a better understanding of how similar disasters emerge and how they can be prevented.