Make: Sensors is the definitive introduction and guide to the sometimes-tricky world of using sensors to monitor the physical world. With dozens of projects and experiments for you to build, this book shows you how to build sensor projects with both Arduino and Raspberry Pi. Use Arduino when you need a low-power, low-complexity brain for your sensor, and choose Raspberry Pi when you need to perform additional processing using the Linux operating system running on that device.You'll learn about touch sensors, light sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetic sensors, as well as temperature, humidity, and gas sensors.

This book is devoted to the recent advances in the development of artificial sensory systems widely known as electronic tongues (ET). It contains contributions by prominent authors from all over the world. Each chapter focuses on a particular research direction in modern ET. It introduces and discusses in detail various designs, sensor materials, transduction principles, and applications. The book shows a screenshot of diverse research efforts in the field of ET and will hopefully inspire new fruitful ideas and significant practical advances.

Advanced Steel Design of Structures examines the design principles of steel members under special loads and covers special geometric forms and conditions not typically presented in standard design books. It explains advanced concepts in a simple manner using numerous illustrative examples and MATLAB (R) codes. Features: Provides analysis of members under unsymmetrical bending Includes coverage of structures with special geometry and their use in offshore applications for ultra-deep water oil and gas exploration Presents numerical modeling and analysis of steel members under fire conditions, impact, and blast loads Includes MATLAB (R) examples that will aid in the capacity building of civil engineering students approaching this complex subject Written for a broad audience, the presentation of design concepts of steel members will be suitable for upper-level undergraduate students. The advanced design theories for offshore structures under special loads will be an attractive feature for post-graduate students and researchers. Practicing engineers will also find the book useful, as it includes numerous solved examples and practical tutorials.

In machine tools, the designed systems include many components, such as sensors, actuators, joints and motors. It is required that all these components work properly to ensure safety. This book examines fault monitoring and control schemes in machine systems, as well as detecting machines whenever a failure occurs and accommodating the failures as soon as possible. Also discussed are centre-less grinding machines; improving machine tool performance through structural and process dynamics modelling and exploring the strength of the Japanese machine tool industry.

Das Buch ist ein umfassendes Nachschlagewerk der Wagepraxis fur alle, die Waagen in Industrie und Wissenschaft einsetzen. Es erlautert uber 1000 Begriffe aus der Wagetechnik und aus verwandten Gebieten. Zahlreiche Abbildungen tragen zum besseren Verstandnis bei. Entstanden ist das Lexikon als Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB) und des Waagenherstellers METTLER TOLEDO."

Plant Flow Measurement and Control Handbook is a comprehensive reference source for practicing engineers in the field of instrumentation and controls. It covers many practical topics, such as installation, maintenance and potential issues, giving an overview of available techniques, along with recommendations for application. In addition, it covers available flow sensors, such as automation and control. The author brings his 35 years of experience in working in instrumentation and control within the industry to this title with a focus on fluid flow measurement, its importance in plant design and the appropriate control of processes. The book provides a good balance between practical issues and theory and is fully supported with industry case studies and a high level of illustrations to assist learning. It is unique in its coverage of multiphase flow, solid flow, process connection to the plant, flow computation and control. Readers will not only further understand design, but they will also further comprehend integration tactics that can be applied to the plant through a step-by-step design process that goes from installation to operation.

Asia is home to 60 per cent of the world's population, including the world's two most populous nations, China and India. The region's economic gains and rising middle class are accelerating demand for more consumer goods and a better quality of life. For further economic growth to be realised, the region will need a massive supply of additional energy, three- to five-fold 2020's amount by 2050. These changes create new business and investment opportunities for domestic companies and overseas participants. Asia's energy market, already the world's biggest, will soon be the most advanced. There will be mass adoption of digital technologies, like artificial intelligence, to make the distribution of solar, wind and other clean resources, smarter and more efficient. Led by China, billions of dollars in capital investment will drive the region's shift to green, sustainable energy, replacing polluting and expensive fossil fuels, which will help to rein in climate change. In Asia's Energy Revolution, leading energy markets analyst and practitioner Joseph Jacobelli explains why Asia is the world's most important territory for energy transition, how developments in the region will drive change in the rest of the world as well as how it will all be financed. The book discussion includes: Analysis of past events and forward-looking analysis of the industry in the region encompassing commercial, economic, and financial aspects Appraisal of new energy technologies, such as electric vehicles, and digital solutions, such as blockchain for energy Review of the capital flows and sustainable financing channels needed to fund energy infrastructure and tech growth

The Shortt clock, made in the 1920s, is the most famous accurate clock pendulum ever known, having an accuracy of one second per year when kept at nearly constant temperature. Almost all of a pendulum clock's accuracy resides in its pendulum. If the pendulum is accurate, the clock will be accurate. In this book, the author describes many scientific aspects of pendulum design and operation in simple terms with experimental data, and little mathematics. It has been written, looking at all the different parts and aspects of the pendulum in great detail, chapter by chapter, reflecting the degree of attention necessary for making a pendulum run accurately. The topics covered include the dimensional stability of different pendulum materials, good and poor suspension spring designs, the design of mechanical joints and clamps, effect of quartz on accuracy, temperature compensation, air drag of different bob shapes and making a sinusoidal electromagnetic drive. One whole chapter is devoted to simple ways of improving the accuracy of ordinary low-cost pendulum clocks, which have a different construction compared to the more expensive designs of substantially well-made ones. This book will prove invaluable to anyone who wants to know how to make a more accurate pendulum or pendulum clock.

This book captures the latest results and techniques for cooperative localization and navigation drawn from a broad array of disciplines. It provides the reader with a generic and comprehensive view of modeling, strategies, and state estimation methodologies in that fields. It discusses the most recent research and novel advances in that direction, exploring the design of algorithms and architectures, benefits, and challenging aspects, as well as a potential broad array of disciplines, including wireless communication, indoor localization, robotics, emergency rescue, motion analysis, etc.

This book aims to discuss the basic principles of an electronic nose, and to provide an account of recent developments in this field, with practical examples of its application. It seeks to review the field together with the many new developments that have occurred since the first meeting was held on electronic noses in Iceland in 1991. It will be essential reading for anyone who is working, researching or simply interested in electronic noses or machine olfaction. A comprehensive appendix is provided at the end of the book.

Control systems include many components, such as transducers, sensors, actuators and mechanical parts. These components are required to be operated under some specific conditions. However, due to prolonged operations or harsh operating environment, the properties of these devices may degrade to an unacceptable level, causing more regular fault occurrences. It is therefore necessary to diagnose faults and provide the fault-accommodation control which compensates for the fault of the component by substituting a configuration of redundant elements so that the system continues to operate satisfactorily. In this book, we present a result of several years of work in the area of fault diagnosis and fault-accommodation control. It aims at information estimate methods when faults occur. The book uses the model built from the plant or process, to detect and isolate failures, in contrast to traditional hardware or statistical technologies dealing with failures. It presents model-based learning and design technologies for fault detection, isolation and identification as well as fault-tolerant control. These models are also used to analyse the fault detectability and isolability conditions and discuss the stability of the closed-loop system. It is intended to report new technologies in the area of fault diagnosis, covering fault analysis and control strategies of design for various applications. The book addresses four main schemes: modelling of actuator or sensor faults; fault detection and isolation; fault identification, and fault reconfiguration (accommodation) control. It also covers application issues in the monitoring control of actuators, providing several interesting case studies for more application-oriented readers.

The tubular thermosyphon is a very simple idea for transferring heat. Fluid inside a tube is circulated by buoyancy forces and thus carries thermal energy from the hot end to the cold end with great efficiency. The device has many uses, from cooling equipment and machinery to recovering waste heat recovery and conserving energy. However the actual operating details of the thermosyphon are more complex and change dramatically with the circumstances. The length and diameter of the tube, the nature and state of the fluid, the strength and variation of the body force field all influence the internal circulation pattern and thus create different operating characteristics. This book deals with each of these variations thoroughly and systematically. Emphasis is placed on the physical principles underlying thermal behavior under single-phase or evaporative conditions, whether the tube is stationary or rotating and whether it is straight or bent. Consideration is also given to other devices having a similar purpose. This study will be of special interest to mechanical, chemical, electrical and geotechnical engineers, and graduate students concerned with thermosyphon technology.

On April 20, 2010, the crew of the floating drill rig Deepwater Horizon lost control of the Macondo oil well forty miles offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. Escaping gas and oil ignited, destroying the rig, killing eleven crew members, and injuring dozens more. The emergency spiraled into the worst human-made economic and ecological disaster in Gulf Coast history. Senior systems engineers Earl Boebert and James Blossom offer the most comprehensive account to date of BP's Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Sifting through a mountain of evidence generated by the largest civil trial in U.S. history, the authors challenge the commonly accepted explanation that the crew, operating under pressure to cut costs, made mistakes that were compounded by the failure of a key safety device. This explanation arose from legal, political, and public relations maneuvering over the billions of dollars in damages that were ultimately paid to compensate individuals and local businesses and repair the environment. But as this book makes clear, the blowout emerged from corporate and engineering decisions which, while individually innocuous, combined to create the disaster. Rather than focusing on blame, Boebert and Blossom use the complex interactions of technology, people, and procedures involved in the high-consequence enterprise of offshore drilling to illustrate a systems approach which contributes to a better understanding of how similar disasters emerge and how they can be prevented.

Featuring detector technology capable of sensing even a few photons, this valuablereference guide provides criteria for selecting techniques and equipment appropriate tovarious types of faint signals. It highlights many important facets of photoconductivityand photodetection, including the measurement of weak photosignals in the presence ofnoise ... statistics relating to the creation, annihilation, and transport of charge carriers... and time-dependent behavior, photoquenching, negative photoconductivity, andphotosensitivity.Complete with more than 125 diagrams and tables, Photoconductivity: Art,Science, and Technology gives special attention to modem two-dimensionalphotodetectors . . . describes various configurations for experimental techniques inphotoconductivity measurements . . . surveys band structure properties, with usefulreference to such contemporary structures as n-i-p-i and modulation doped materials .. .illustrates the concept of noise in photoconductors and its role in detector technology .. .and observes unusual photoconducting properties in diluted magnetic semiconductors.Photoconductivity: Art, Science, and Technology serves as an indispensableresource for optical, electrical, laser, and aerospace engineers, physicists, materialsscientists, photonic scientists, and graduate students interested in these disciplines.

This book discusses the theory of quantum effects used in metrology, and presents the author's research findings in the field of quantum electronics. It also describes the quantum measurement standards used in various branches of metrology, such as those relating to electrical quantities, mass, length, time and frequency. The first comprehensive survey of quantum metrology problems, it introduces a new approach to metrology, placing a greater emphasis on its connection with physics, which is of importance for developing new technologies, nanotechnology in particular. Presenting practical applications of the effects used in quantum metrology for the construction of quantum standards and sensitive electronic components, the book is useful for a broad range of physicists and metrologists. It also promotes a better understanding and approval of the new system in both industry and academia. This second edition includes two new chapters focusing on the revised SI system and satellite positioning systems. Practical realization (mise en pratique) the base units (metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole), new defined in the revised SI, is presented in details. Another new chapter describes satellite positioning systems and their possible applications. In satellite positioning systems, like GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo, quantum devices - atomic clocks - serve wide population of users.

The Handbook of RAMS in Railway Systems: Theory and Practice addresses the complexity in today's railway systems, which use computers and electromechanical components to increase efficiency while ensuring a high level of safety. RAM (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability) addresses the specifications and standards that manufacturers and operators have to meet. Modeling, implementation, and assessment of RAM and safety requires the integration of railway engineering systems; mathematical and statistical methods; standards compliance; and financial/economic factors. This Handbook brings together a group of experts to present RAM and safety in a modern, comprehensive manner.

Do more with your GIS and understand the foundation of spatial analysis: geographic patterns and relationships. A geographic information system (GIS) enables so much more than mapping. A GIS inherently enables spatial analysis that can give you a better understanding of your geographic data. GIS analysis reveals answers to questions like: Where is it? Where's the most and least? How much is where? What's inside? What's nearby? What's changed But how do you get started? The second edition of The Esri Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 1 shows how and more. With easier to read maps and text, The Esri Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 1, second edition, dives beneath the surface of mapping, beyond displaying data to using it to reveal geographic insights. Learn the basic concepts of spatial analysis and GIS. Build on that understanding with essential map-building skills to unveil and display patterns and relationships. The Esri Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 1, second edition, also includes a guide to online lessons that reinforce the concepts and demonstrate GIS application. Written for both new and experienced GIS users using an easy to follow format, the second edition of The Esri Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 1 helps you build a foundation of the basic tasks needed to handle a wide range of analysis applications and prepares you for more advanced GIS skills.

This book presents in-depth coverage of magnetic sensors in industrial applications. It is divided into three sections: devices and technology for magnetic sensing, industrial applications (automotive, navigation), and emerging applications. Topics include transmission speed sensor ICs, dynamic differential Hall ICs, chopped Hall switches, programmable linear output Hall sensors, low power Hall ICs, self-calibrating differential Hall ICs for wheel speed sensing, dynamic differential Hall ICs, uni- and bipolar Hall IC switches, chopped mono cell Hall ICs, and electromagnetic levitation.

Rotating Machinery Research and Development Test Rigs presents the purpose and development processes for test apparatuses built for Research & Development in machinery technology and product development. Each R & D apparatus is the focus of an entire chapter, with fifteen detailed case studies included from mechanical, aerospace, chemical and biomedical engineering. Specific machinery components covered include bearings, seals, power plant pumps, rotors, turbines and compressors. Machinery condition monitoring and product development processes have been integrated. The specific purpose and results for each test rig are comprehensively presented and explained.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted strong interest from both academia and industry. Unfortunately, it has also attracted the attention of hackers. Security and Privacy in Internet of Things (IoTs): Models, Algorithms, and Implementations brings together some of the top IoT security experts from around the world who contribute their knowledge regarding different IoT security aspects. It answers the question "How do we use efficient algorithms, models, and implementations to cover the four important aspects of IoT security, i.e., confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and availability?" The book consists of five parts covering attacks and threats, privacy preservation, trust and authentication, IoT data security, and social awareness. The first part introduces all types of IoT attacks and threats and demonstrates the principle of countermeasures against those attacks. It provides detailed introductions to specific attacks such as malware propagation and Sybil attacks. The second part addresses privacy-preservation issues related to the collection and distribution of data, including medical records. The author uses smart buildings as an example to discuss privacy-protection solutions. The third part describes different types of trust models in the IoT infrastructure, discusses access control to IoT data, and provides a survey of IoT authentication issues. The fourth part emphasizes security issues during IoT data computation. It introduces computational security issues in IoT data processing, security design in time series data aggregation, key generation for data transmission, and concrete security protocols during data access. The fifth and final part considers policy and human behavioral features and covers social-context-based privacy and trust design in IoT platforms as well as policy-based informed consent in the IoT.

An essential guide for developing and interpreting piping and instrumentation drawings Piping and Instrumentation Diagram Development is an important resource that offers the fundamental information needed for designers of process plants as well as a guide for other interested professionals. The author offers a proven, systemic approach to present the concepts of P&ID development which previously were deemed to be graspable only during practicing and not through training. This comprehensive text offers the information needed in order to create P&ID for a variety of chemical industries such as: oil and gas industries; water and wastewater treatment industries; and food industries. The author outlines the basic development rules of piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) and describes in detail the three main components of a process plant: equipment and other process items, control system, and utility system. Each step of the way, the text explores the skills needed to excel at P&ID, includes a wealth of illustrative examples, and describes the most effective practices. This vital resource: Offers a comprehensive resource that outlines a step-by-step guide for developing piping and instrumentation diagrams Includes helpful learning objectives and problem sets that are based on real-life examples Provides a wide range of original engineering flow drawing (P&ID) samples Includes PDF's that contain notes explaining the reason for each piece on a P&ID and additional samples to help the reader create their own P&IDs Written for chemical engineers, mechanical engineers and other technical practitioners, Piping and Instrumentation Diagram Development reveals the fundamental steps needed for creating accurate blueprints that are the key elements for the design, operation, and maintenance of process industries.

This book provides a comprehensive treatment of the field of modern fiber optics, beginning with the basics of the field summarized in an introductory chapter. Expert contributors then topics such as polarization effects in optical fibers; photonic crystal fibers; highly-doped optical fibers; non-linear effects; amplification and lasing in optical fibers; supercontinuum generation, Rayleigh and inelastic scattering with applications to sensing; optical fiber point sensors, and polymer optical-fiber-based sensors.

Das Buch bietet eine an der Praxis ausgerichtete Einfuhrung in den Strahlenschutz und seine physikalischen Grundlagen. Anhand von Beispielen, Ubungsaufgaben und einfachen Experimenten behandelt der Autor die biologische Strahlenwirkung und Quellen der Strahlenbelastung ebenso wie Messmethoden und Fragen der praktischen Umsetzung des Strahlenschutzes. Die vierte Auflage wurde auf den neuesten Stand der Technik gebracht und durch Kapitel uber Kernkraftwerke, Strahlungsquellen und die Effekte nicht-ionisierender Strahlung erganzt. "

Questo libro, che nasce dall esperienza didattica accumulata dall autore nell insegnamento dei metodi sperimentali, si propone di fornire un introduzione al calcolo delle probabilita e alla teoria degli errori facendo uso di uno stile di presentazione volutamente informale e traendo spunto da concrete applicazioni sperimentali, spesso attraverso esempi di notevole importanza storica. Cosi, per esempio, argomenti quali il moto browniano, la diffusione di luce, il decadimento radioattivo, la fisiologia della visione, le statistiche quantistiche e di fotorivelazione, vengono utilizzati per delucidare concetti chiave dell analisi statistica e probabilistica.