ESD Protection Device and Circuit Design for Advanced CMOS Technologies is intended for practicing engineers working in the areas of circuit design, VLSI reliability and testing domains. As the problems associated with ESD failures and yield losses become significant in the modern semiconductor industry, the demand for graduates with a basic knowledge of ESD is also increasing. Today, there is a significant demand to educate the circuits design and reliability teams on ESD issues. This book makes an attempt to address the ESD design and implementation in a systematic manner. A design procedure involving device simulators as well as circuit simulator is employed to optimize device and circuit parameters for optimal ESD as well as circuit performance. This methodology, described in ESD Protection Device and Circuit Design for Advanced CMOS Technologies has resulted in several successful ESD circuit design with excellent silicon results and demonstrates its strengths.

This book describes the design of Software Radio (SWR). Rather than providing an overview of digital signal processing and communications, this book focuses on topics which are crucial in the design and development of a SWR, explaining them in a very simple, yet precise manner, giving simulation results that confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design. Readers will gain in-depth knowledge of key issues so they can actually implement a SWR.

This book introduces the fundamental concepts of modern digital image processing. It aims to help the students, scientists, and practitioners to understand the concepts through clear explanations, illustrations and examples. The discussion of the general concepts is supplemented with examples from applications and ready-to-use implementations of concepts in MATLAB®. Program code of some important concepts in programming language 'C' is provided.

To explain the concepts, MATLAB® functions are used throughout the book. MATLAB® Version 9.3 (R2017b), Image Acquisition Toolbox Version 5.3 (R2017b), Image Processing Toolbox, Version 10.1 (R2017b) have been used to create the book material.

Meant for students and practicing engineers, this book provides a clear, comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to Digital Image Processing in a pragmatic manner.

Table of Contents

Introduction to Digital Image Processing. Digital Image representation. Mathematical Tools for Image Processing. Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain. Image Processing in Frequency Domain. Image Denoising. Image Segmentation. Mathematical Morphology. Image Understanding. Image Compression. Image Retrieval. Digital Image Forgery. Appendix A. Appendix B. Appendix B.

Dieses Praktikerbuch, geschrieben von einem Mitglied verschiedener nationaler und internationaler Standardisierungsgremien, unterstutzt Ingenieure bei Design und Realisierung von Niederspannungsnetzen. Mit seinem Aufbau nach dem jeweiligen Typ des elektrischen Systems, einschliesslich asynchrone Motoren, dreiphasige Netzwerke und Beleuchtungssysteme, deckt dieses Fachbuch elektrische und elektrotechnische Grundlagen ab, bietet Informationen zur Implementierung der gultigen NEC- und IEC-Normen und einen UEberblick uber industrielle Anwendungsbereiche. Unzahlige Tabellen, Diagramme und Arbeitsbeispiele helfen bei der Planung elektrischer Systeme. Mit den auf der begleitenden Website verfugbaren Programmen lassen sich Berechnungen nachvollziehen und individuell anpassen.

The International System of Units, the SI, provides the foundation for all measurements in science, engineering, economics, and society. The SI has been fundamentally revised in 2019. The new SI is a universal and highly stable unit system based on invariable constants of nature. Its implementation rests on quantum metrology and quantum standards, which base measurements on the manipulation and counting of single quantum objects, such as electrons, photons, ions, and flux quanta. This book explains and illustrates the new SI, its impact on measurements, and the quantum metrology and quantum technology behind it. The book is based on the book ?Quantum Metrology: Foundation of Units and Measurements? by the same authors. From the contents: -Measurement -The SI (Systeme International d?Unites) -Realization of the SI Second: Thermal Beam Cs Clock, Laser Cooling, and the Cs Fountain Clock -Flux Quanta, Josephson Effect, and the SI Volt -Quantum Hall Effect, the SI Ohm, and the SI Farad -Single-Charge Transfer Devices and the SI Ampere -The SI Kilogram, the Mole, and the Planck constant -The SI Kelvin and the Boltzmann Constant -Beyond the present SI: Optical Clocks and Quantum Radiometry -Outlook

Over the past several decades, applications permeated by advances in digital signal processing have undergone unprecedented growth in capabilities. The editors and authors of High Performance Embedded Computing Handbook: A Systems Perspective have been significant contributors to this field, and the principles and techniques presented in the handbook are reinforced by examples drawn from their work.

The chapters cover system components found in today’s HPEC systems by addressing design trade-offs, implementation options, and techniques of the trade, then solidifying the concepts with specific HPEC system examples. This approach provides a more valuable learning tool, Because readers learn about these subject areas through factual implementation cases drawn from the contributing authors’ own experiences.

Discussions include:

Key subsystems and components

Computational characteristics of high performance embedded algorithms and applications

Front-end real-time processor technologies such as analog-to-digital conversion, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays, and intellectual property–based design

Programmable HPEC systems technology, including interconnection fabrics, parallel and distributed processing, performance metrics and software architecture, and automatic code parallelization and optimization

Examples of complex HPEC systems representative of actual prototype developments

Application examples, including radar, communications, electro-optical, and sonar applications

The handbook is organized around a canonical framework that helps readers navigate through the chapters, and it concludes with a discussion of future trends in HPEC systems. The material is covered at a level suitable for practicing engineers and HPEC computational practitioners and is easily adaptable to their own implementation requirements.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

A Retrospective on High Performance Embedded Computing

D.R. Martinez

HPEC Hardware Systems and Software Technologies

HPEC Multiprocessor System

Representative Example of a High Performance Embedded Computing System

D.R. Martinez

System Complexity

Implementation Techniques

Software Complexity and System Integration

System Architecture of a Multiprocessor System

D.R. Martinez

A Generic Multiprocessor System

A High Performance Hardware System

Custom VLSI Implementation: Custom VLSI Hardware

A High Performance COTS Programmable Signal Processor

High Performance Embedded Computers: Development Process and

Management Perspectives

D.R. Martinez

Development Process

Case Study: Airborne Radar HPEC System: Programmable Signal Processor Development; Software Estimation, Monitoring, and Configuration Control; PSP Software Integration, Optimization, and Verification

Trends

Computational Nature of High Performance

Embedded Systems

Computational Characteristics of High Performance Embedded Algorithms and Applications

M. Arakawa and R.A. Bond

General Computational Characteristics of HPEC

Complexity of HPEC Algorithms

Parallelism in HPEC Algorithms and Architectures

Future Trends

Radar Signal Processing: An Example of High Performance Embedded Computing

R.A. Bond and A.I. Reuther

A Canonical HPEC Radar Algorithm: Subband Analysis and Synthesis; Adaptive Beamforming; Pulse Compression; Doppler Filtering; Space-Time Adaptive Processing; Subband Synthesis Revisited; CFAR Detection

Example Architecture of the Front-End Processor: A Discussion of the Back-End Processing

Front-End Real-Time Processor Technologies

Analog-to-Digital Conversion

J.C. Anderson and H.H. Kim

Conceptual ADC Operation

Static Metrics:Offset Error; Gain Error; Differential Nonlinearity; Integral Nonlinearity

Dynamic Metrics: Resolution; Monotonicity; Equivalent Input-Referred Noise (Thermal Noise); Quantization Error; Ratio of Signal to Noise and Distortion; Effective Number of Bits; Spurious-Free Dynamic Range; Dither; Aperture Uncertainty

System-Level Performance Trends and Limitations: Trends in Resolution; Trends in Effective Number of Bits; Trends in Spurious-Free Dynamic Range; Trends in Power Consumption; ADC Impact on Processing Gain

High-Speed ADC Design: Flash ADC; Architectural Techniques for Power Saving; Pipeline ADC

Power Dissipation Issues in High-Speed ADCs

Implementation Approaches of Front-End Processors

M.M. Vai and H.T. Nguyen

Front-End Processor Design Methodology

Front-End Signal Processing Technologies: Full-Custom ASIC; Synthesized ASIC; FPGA Technology;

Structured ASIC

Intellectual Property

Development Cost

Design Space

Design Case Studies: Channelized Adaptive Beamformer Processor; Radar Pulse Compression Processor;

Co-design Benefits

Application-Specific Integrated Circuits

M.M. Vai, W.S. Song, and B.M. Tyrell

Integrated Circuit Technology Evolution

CMOS Technology: MOSFET

CMOS Logic Structures: Static Logic; Dynamic CMOS Logic

Integrated Circuit Fabrication

Performance Metrics: Speed; Power Dissipation

Design Methodology: Full-Custom Physical Design; Synthesis Process; Physical Verification;

Simulation; Design for Manufacturability

Packages

Testing: Fault Models; Test Generation for Stuck-at Faults; Design for Testability; Built-in Self-Test

Case Study

Field Programmable Gate Arrays

M.Leeser

FPGA Structures: Basic Structures Found in FPGAs

Modern FPGA Architectures: Embedded Blocks; Future Directions

Commercial FPGA Boards and Systems

Languages and Tools for Programming FPGAs: Hardware Description Languages; High-Level Languages; Library-Based Solutions

Case Study: Radar Processing on an FPGA: Project Description; Parallelism: Fine-Grained versus Coarse-Grained; Data Organization; Experimental Results

Challenges to High Performance With FPGA Architectures: Data: Movement and Organization; Design Trade-offs

Intellectual Property-Based Design

W. Wolf

Classes of Intellectual Property

Sources of Intellectual Property

Licenses for Intellectual Property

CPU Cores

Busses

I/O Devices

Memories

Operating Systems

Software Libraries and Middleware

IP-Based Design Methodologies

Standards-Based Design

Systolic Array Processors

M.M. Vai, H.T. Nguyen, P.A. Jackson, and W.S. Song

Beamforming Processor Design

Systolic Array Design Approach

Design Examples: QR Decomposition Processor; Real-Time FFT Processor; Bit-Level Systolic Array Methodology

Programmable High Performance Embedded

Computing Systems

Computing Devices

K. Teitelbaum

Common Metrics: Assessing the Required Computation Rate; Quantifying the Performance of COTS Computing Devices

Current COTS Computing Devices in Embedded Systems: General-Purpose Microprocessors:

Word Length, Vector Processing Units, Power Consumption versus Performance, Memory Hierarchy, Some Benchmark Results, Input/Output, Digital Signal Processors; Future Trends: Technology Projections and Extrapolating Current Architectures; Advanced Architectures and the Exploitation of Moore’s Law: Multiple-Core Processors, The IBM Cell Broadband Engine, SIMD Processor Arrays, DARPA Polymorphic Computing Architectures, Graphical Processing Units as Numerical Co-processors, FPGA-Based Co-processors

Interconnection Fabrics

K. Teitelbaum

Introduction: Anatomy of a Typical Interconnection Fabric; Network Topology and Bisection Bandwidth;

Total Exchange; Parallel Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Transform—A Simple Example

Crossbar Tree Networks: Network Formulas; Scalability of Network Bisection Width; Units of Replication;

Pruning Crossbar Tree Networks

VXS: A Commercial Example: Link Essentials; VXS-Supported Topologies

Performance Metrics and Software Architecture

J. Kepner, T. Meuse, and G.E. Schrader

Synthetic Aperture Radar Example Application: Operating Modes; Computational Workload

Degrees of Parallelism: Parallel Performance Metrics (no communication); Parallel Performance Metrics (with communication); Amdahl’s Law

Standard Programmable Multi-Computer: Network Model

Parallel Programming Models and Their Impact: High-Level Programming Environment with Global Arrays

System Metrics: Performance; Form Factor; Efficiency; Software Cost

Appendices: A Synthetic Aperture Radar Algorithm: Scalable Data Generator; Stage 1: Front-End Sensor Processing; Stage 2: Back-End Knowledge Formation

Programming Languages

J.M. Lebak

Principles of Programming Embedded Signal Processing Systems

Evolution of Programming Languages

Features of Third-Generation Programming Languages: Object-Oriented Programming; Exception Handling; Generic Programming

Use of Specific Languages in High Performance Embedded Computing:

C; Fortran; Ada; C++; Java

Future Development of Programming Languages

Summary: Features of Current Programming Languages

Portable Software Technology

J.M. Lebak

Libraries: Distributed and Parallel Programming; Surveying the State of Portable Software Technology:

Portable Math Libraries, Portable Performance Using Math Libraries; Parallel and Distributed Libraries; Example: Expression Template Use in the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Parallel

Vector Library

Parallel and Distributed Processing

A. I. Reuther and H. G. Kim

Parallel Programming Models: Threads: Pthreads, OpenMP; Message Passing: Parallel Virtual Machine, Message Passing Interface; Partitioned Global Address Space: Unified Parallel C, VSIPL++; Applications: Fast Fourier Transform, Synthetic Aperture Radar

Distributed Computing Models: Client-Server: SOAP, Java Remote Method Invocation, Common Object Request Broker Architecture; Data Driven: Java Messaging Service, Data Distribution Service; Applications: Radar Open Systems Architecture, Integrated Sensing and Decision Support

Automatic Code Parallelization and Optimization

N.T. Bliss

Instruction-Level Parallelism versus Explicit-Program Parallelism

Automatic Parallelization Approaches: A Taxonomy

Maps and Map Independence

Local Optimization in an Automatically Tuned Library

Compiler and Language Approach

Dynamic Code Analysis in a Middleware System

High Performance Embedded Computing

Application Examples

Radar Applications

K. Teitelbaum

Basic Radar Concepts:Pulse-Doppler Radar Operation; Multichannel Pulse-Doppler; Adaptive Beamforming; Space-Time Adaptive Processing

Mapping Radar Algorithms onto HPEC Architectures: Round-Robin Partitioning; Functional Pipelining; Coarse-Grain Data-Parallel Partitioning; Fine-Grain Data-Parallel Partitioning

Implementation Examples: Radar Surveillance Processor; Adaptive Processor (Generation 1); Adaptive Processor (Generation 2); KASSPER

A Sonar Application

W.R. Bernecky

Sonar Problem Description

Designing an Embedded Sonar System: The Sonar Processing Thread; Prototype Development; Computational Requirements; Parallelism; Implementing the Real-Time System; Verify Real-Time Performance; Verify Correct Output

An Example Development: System Attributes; Sonar Processing Thread Computational Requirements; Sensor Data Collection; Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Transform; Covariance Matrix Formation;

Covariance Matrix Inversion; Adaptive Beamforming; Broadband Formation; Normalization; Detection; Display Preparation and Operator Controls; Summary of Computational Requirements; Parallelism

Hardware Architecture

Software Considerations

Embedded Sonar Systems of the Future References

Communications Applications

J.I. Goodman and T.G. Macdonald

Communications Application Challenges

Communications Signal Processing, Transmitter Signal Processing; Transmitter Processing Requirements; Receiver Signal Processing; Receiver Processing Requirements

Development of a Real-Time Electro-Optical Reconnaissance System

R.A. Coury

Aerial Surveillance Background

Methodology: Performance Modeling; Feature Tracking and Optic Flow; Three-Dimensional Site Model Generation; Challenges; Camera Model; Distortion

System Design Considerations: Altitude; Sensor; GPS/IMU; Processing and Storage; Communications; Cost; Test Platform

Transition to Target Platform: Payload; GPS/IMU; Sensor; Processing; Communications and Storage; Altitude

Future Trends

Application and HPEC System Trends

D.R. Martinez

Introduction: Sensor Node Architecture Trends

Hardware Trends

Software Trends

Distributed Net-Centric Architecture

A Review on Probabilistic CMOS (PCMOS) Technology: From Device

Characteristics to Ultra-Low-Energy SOC Architectures

K.V. Palem, L.N. Chakrapani, B.E.S. Akgul, and P. Korkmaz

Characterizing the Behavior of a PCMOS Switch: Inverter Realization of a Probabilistic Switch;

Analytical Model and the Three Laws of a PCMOS Inverter; Realizing a Probabilistic Inverter with Limited Available Noise

Realizing PCMOS-Based Low-Energy Architectures: Metrics for Evaluating PCMOS-Based Architectures; Experimental Methodology; Metrics for Analysis of PCMOS-Based Implementations; Hyperencryption Application and PCMOS-Based Implementation; Results and Analysis; PCMOS-Based Architectures for Error-Tolerant Applications

Advanced Microprocessor Architectures

J. McMahon, S. Crago, and D. Yeung

Background: Established Instruction-Level Parallelism Techniques; Parallel Architectures

Motivation for New Architectures: Limitations of Conventional Microprocessors

Current Research Microprocessors: Instruction-Level Parallelism: Tile-Based Organization; Explicit Parallelism Model; Scalable On-Chip Networks; Data-Level Parallelism: SIMD Architectures; Vector Architectures; Streaming Architectures; Thread-Level Parallelism: Multithreading and Granularity;

Multilevel Memory; Speculative Execution

Real-Time Embedded Applications: Scalability; Input/Output Bandwidth; Programming Models and Algorithm Mapping

Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations

Index

The objective of Contemporary Research: Models, Methodologies, and Measures in Distributed Team Cognition is to advance knowledge in terms of real-world interactions among information, people, and technologies through explorations and discovery embedded within the research topics covered. Each chapter provides insight, comprehension, and differing yet cogent perspectives to topics relevant within distributed team cognition. Experts present their use of models and frameworks, different approaches to studying distributed team cognition, and new types of measures and indications of successful outcomes. The research topics presented span the continuum of interdisciplinary philosophies, ideas, and concepts that underline research investigation. Features Articulates distributed team cognition principles/constructs within studies, models, methods, and measures Utilizes experimental studies and models as cases to explore new analytical techniques and tools Provides team situation awareness measurement, mental model assessment, conceptual recurrence analysis, quantitative model evaluation, and unobtrusive measures Transforms analytical output from tools/models as a basis for design in collaborative technologies Generates an interdisciplinary approach using multiple methods of inquiry

This book reports on cutting-edge research into innovative system interfaces, highlighting both lifecycle development and human-technology interaction, especially in virtual, augmented and mixed-reality systems. It describes advanced methodologies and tools for evaluating and improving interface usability and discusses new models, as well as case studies and good practices. The book addresses the human, hardware, and software factors in the process of developing interfaces for optimizing total system performance, while minimizing their costs. It also highlights the forces currently shaping the nature of computing and systems, such as: the importance of portability and technologies for reducing power requirements; the necessity of a better assimilation of computation in the environment; as well as solutions to promote accessibility to computers and systems for people with special needs. The book, which is based on the AHFE 2019 International Conference on Human Factors and Systems Interaction, held on July 24-28, 2019, in Washington D.C., USA, offers a timely survey and practice-oriented guide for systems interface users and developers alike.

This book brings together a selection of the best papers from the twentiethedition of the Forum on specification and Design Languages Conference (FDL), which took place on September 18-20, 2017, in Verona, Italy. FDL is a well-established international forum devoted to dissemination of research results, practical experiences and new ideas in the application of specification, design and verification languages to the design, modeling and verification of integrated circuits, complex hardware/software embedded systems, and mixed-technology systems. Covers modeling and verification methodologies targeting digital and analog systems; Addresses firmware development and validation; Targets both functional and non-functional properties; Includes descriptions of methods for reliable system design.

This book focusses on power quality improvement and enhancement techniques with aid of intelligent controllers and experimental results. It covers topics ranging from the fundamentals of power quality indices, mitigation methods, advanced controller design and its step by step approach, simulation of the proposed controllers for real time applications and its corresponding experimental results, performance improvement paradigms and its overall analysis, which helps readers understand power quality from its fundamental to experimental implementations. The book also covers implementation of power quality improvement practices. Key Features Provides solution for the power quality improvement with intelligent techniques Incorporated and Illustrated with simulation and experimental results Discusses renewable energy integration and multiple case studies pertaining to various loads Combines the power quality literature with power electronics based solutions Includes implementation examples, datasets, experimental and simulation procedures

The Web of Things (WoT) is a concept that describes approaches, programming tools and software architectural systems, which interface networks of real-world objects with the World Wide Web. The book is organized into 11 chapters, each focusing on a unique wireless technological aspect of the Web of Things, and it aims to comprehensively cover each of its various applications, including: A strong emphasis on WoT problems and solutions, identifying the main open issues, innovations and latest technologies behind WoT A blend of theoretical and simulation-based problems for better understanding of the concepts behind WoT Various exemplifying applications in which the use of WoT is very attractive and an inspiration for future applications The book will be useful to researchers, software developers and undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as practitioners.

The focus of this book is on the design of a specific control strategy using digital computers. This control strategy referred to as Sliding Mode Control (SMC), has its roots in (continuous-time) relay control. This book aims to explain recent investigations' output in the field of discrete-time sliding mode control (DSMC). The book starts by explaining a new robust LMI-based (state-feedback and observer-based output-feedback) DSMC including a new scheme for sparsely distributed control. It includes a novel event-driven control mechanism, called actuator-based event-driven scheme, using a synchronized-rate biofeedback system for heart rate regulation during cycle-ergometer. Key Features: Focuses on LMI-based SMC (sliding mode control) for uncertain discrete-time system using novel nonlinear components in the control law Makes reader understand the techniques of designing a discrete controller based on the flexible sliding functions Proposes new algorithms for sparsifying control and observer network through multi-objective optimization frameworks Discusses a framework for the design of SMC for two-dimensional systems along with analyzing the controllability of two-dimensional systems Discusses novel schemes for sparsifying the control network

This book includes introduction of several algorithms which are exclusively for graph based problems, namely combinatorial optimization problems, path formation problems, etc. Each chapter includes the introduction of the basic traditional nature inspired algorithm and discussion of the modified version for discrete algorithms including problems pertaining to discussed algorithms.

This book presents state-of-the-art solutions to the theoretical and practical challenges stemming from the leverage of big data and its computational intelligence in supporting smart network operation, management, and optimization. In particular, the technical focus covers the comprehensive understanding of network big data, efficient collection and management of network big data, distributed and scalable online analytics for network big data, and emerging applications of network big data for computational intelligence.

Nano particles have created a high interest in recent years by virtue of their unusual mechanical, electrical, optical and magnetic properties and find wide applications in all fields of engineering. This edited volume aims to present the latest trends and updates in nanogenerators, thin film solar cells and green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles with a focus on nanostructured semiconductor devices. Exclusive chapter on electrical transport of nanostructure explains device physics for material properties for reduced dimensions. Additionally, the text describes the functionality of metallic nanoparticles and their application in molecular imaging and optical metamaterials. Piezoelectric nanogenerators has been touched upon from the energy perspective as well. Key Features: * Organized contents on Nanogenerators, VOC sensing, nanoelectronics, and NEMS. * Discusses eco-friendly green synthesis methods for metallic nanoparticles. * Touches upon low power nano devices (e.g. nanogenerators) for energy harvesting with quantum mechanical study. * Thin film/heterojunction based high efficiency solar cell addressed aimed at reducing global energy consumption.

Recent years have witnessed significant research efforts in flexible organic and amorphous-metal-oxide analogue electronics, in view of its formidable potential for applications such as smart sensor systems. This Element provides a comprehensive overview of this growing research area. After discussing the properties of organic and amorphous-metal-oxide technologies relevant to analogue circuits, this Element focuses on their application to two key circuit blocks: amplifiers and analogue-to-digital converters. The Element thus provides a fresh look at the evolution and immediate opportunities of the field, and identifies the remaining challenges for these technologies to become the platform of choice for flexible analogue electronics.

Learn the theory behind grounding systems and bonding equipotential connections from a worldwide expert. Through mathematical analysis, comprehensive explanations, and detailed figures, Analysis of Grounding and Bonding Systems explains the theory and the reasons behind basic ground-electrodes (i.e., the sphere, the ground rod, and the horizontal ground wire), and more complex grounding systems (i.e., ground-grids), buried in uniform and non-uniform soils. Through calculations and explanatory diagrams, this comprehensive guide provides code-complying solutions for the safety against electric shock provided by equipotential bonding connections between exposed-conductive-parts, such as equipment enclosures, and metalwork. Details on the calculation of step and touch voltages in different types of system grounding (i.e., TT, TN, and IT) are provided, also with the aid of solved problems. Readers will learn how to minimize hazardous interactions between grounding systems, cathodically protected pipelines, and heat networks. The analysis of the effectiveness of bonding systems against electric shock in the case of contact with electric vehicles during charge in the event of ground-faults, which is an upcoming issue challenging our safety, is included.

Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering is an excellent introduction into the areas of electricity, electronic devices and electrochemistry. The book covers aspects of electrical science including Ohm and Kirkoff's laws, P-N junctions, semiconductors, circuit diagrams, magnetic fields, electrochemistry, and devices such as DC motors. This text is useful for students of electrical, chemical, materials, and mechanical engineering.

Transmission of Electrical Energy: Overhead Lines takes a computational approach through the use of the Alternative Transient Program (ATPdraw), which is a program of worldwide use. The number of exercises solved, including computer simulations with ATPdraw and source codes in MATLAB (R) make the work didactic and easy to assimilate, even for those readers new to the subject. The subjects presented throughout the text aims to make the reader understand and gain sufficient knowledge to analyze the operation of overhead transmission lines in a steady-state and in a transient state, besides carrying out an introductory project of a steady-state transmission line. The book can be used in both undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering.

"Designing with Photovoltaics" cover a broad range of topics related to the design of products, buildings and vehicles with integrated photovoltaic (PV) technologies including storage aspect. It enables the reader to easily design new products, buildings and vehicles through use of innovative PV products. Diverse categories of product integrated PVs are discussed including applications of solar power for mobility and building integrated systems along with design- and manufacturing-related information about solar cells. Illustrating design cases of various PV-powered products, special attention is paid to end-users and environmental aspects of PV applications. Aimed at senior undergraduates, graduates and professionals in electrical engineering, architecture, design, physics, mechanical engineering and those specifically studying photovoltaics, it Covers the different product integrated photovoltaics (PIPV) with a focus on design and manufacturing Presents comprehensive overview of all aspects of designing with photovoltaics Includes product integrated PV, building integrated PV and solar powered mobility concepts Contains real design cases showing how to design with photovoltaics Discusses context of environmental issues and user aspects

The first edition of Thermal Computations for Electronics: Conductive, Radiative, and Convective Air Cooling was based on the author's lecture notes that he developed over the course of nearly 40 years of thermal design and analysis activity, the last 15 years of which included teaching a university course at the senior undergraduate and graduate levels. The subject material was developed from publications of respected researchers and includes topics and methods original to this author. Numerous students have contributed to both the first and second editions, the latter corrected, sections rewritten (e.g., radiation spatial effects, Green's function properties for thermal spreading, 1-D FEA theory and application), and some new material added. The flavor and organization of the first edition have been retained, whereby the reader is guided through the analysis process for systems and then components. Important new material has been added regarding altitude effects on forced and buoyancy driven airflow and heat transfer. The first 20% of the book is devoted to the prediction of airflow and well-mixed air temperatures in systems, circuit board channels, and heat sinks, followed by convective (PCB-mounted components included), radiative, and conductive heat transfer and the resultant temperatures in electronic equipment. Detailed application examples illustrate a variety of problems. Downloads (from the CRC website) include: MathcadTM text examples, exercise solutions (adopting professors only) plus PDF lecture aids (professors only), and a tutorial (Chapter 14) using free FEA software to solve a thermal spreading problem. This book is a valuable professional resource for self-study and is ideal for use in a course on electronics cooling. It is well-suited for a first course in heat transfer where applications are as important as theory.

Concern for reliable power supply and energy-efficient system design has led to usage of power electronics-based systems, including efficient electric power conversion and power semiconductor devices. This book provides integration of complete fundamental theory, design, simulation and application of power electronics, and drives covering up-to-date subject components. It contains twenty-one chapters arranged in four sections on power semiconductor devices, basic power electronic converters, advanced power electronics converters, power supplies, electrical drives and advanced applications. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering and power electronics including related professionals, this book * Includes electrical drives such as DC motor, AC motor, special motor, high performance motor drives, solar, electrical/hybrid vehicle and fuel cell drives * Reviews advances in renewable energy technologies (wind, PV, hybrid power systems) and their integration * Explores topics like distributed generation, microgrid, and wireless power transfer system * Includes simulation examples using MATLAB (R)/Simulink and over four hundred solved, unsolved and review problems

Cyber immune systems try to mimic the adaptive immune system of humans and animals because of its capability to detect and fend off new, unseen pathogens. Today's current cyber security systems provide an effective defense mechanism against known cyber-attacks but are not so good when it comes to defending against unknown attacks. This book describes the possible development and organization of self-healing computing based on cyber immunity techniques and aimed at working in the new realm of Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 is the trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes which include cyber-physical systems (CPS), the internet of things (IoT), industrial internet of things (IIOT), cloud computing, cognitive computing and artificial intelligence. The book describes the author's research and development of cyber-immunity systems that will prevent the destruction of critical information infrastructure by future unknown cyber-attacks and thus avoid the significant or catastrophic consequences of such attacks. The book is designed for undergraduate and post-graduate students, for engineers in related fields as well as managers of corporate and state structures, chief information officers (CIO), chief information security officers (CISO), architects, and research engineers in the field of cybersecurity. This book contains four chapters 1. Cyber Immunity Concept of the Industry 4.0; 2. Mathematical Framework for Immune Protection of Industry 4.0; 3. Trends and prospects of the development of Immune Protection of Industry 4.0; 4. From detecting cyber-attacks to self-healing Industry 4.0;

Maritime navigation has rapidly developed since the publication of the last edition of the title with methods of global position fixing for shipping becoming standardized. As in the previous two editions, this edition will provide a sound basis for the understanding of modern navigation systems and brings the student or professional up-to-date with the latest developments in technology and the growing standardization of maritime navigation techniques.

Developed with close scrutiny from the US Merchant Marine Academy and the major maritime navigation centres in the UK, out-dated techniques have been replaced by an expanded section on the now standard Navstar GPS systems and the Integrated Nav. In addition, a new chapter on the application of electronic charts will also be included, as well as problems at the end of each chapter with worked solutions.

Table of Contents

· Radio wave propagation and the frequency spectrum

· Depth sounding systems

· Speed measurement

· Loran-C

· Satellite navigation and the GPS

· Integrated bridge systems

· Electronic charts

· The ship's master compass

· Automatic steering

· VHF direction finding

· GMDSS

· Computer functions

· Digital terms

· Dare communications

· NMEA protocol

· USCG Navcen

When it comes to electronics, demand grows as technology shrinks. From consumer and industrial markets to military and aerospace applications, the call is for more functionality in smaller and smaller devices. Culled from the second edition of the best-selling Electronics Handbook, Microelectronics, Second Edition presents a summary of the current state of microelectronics and its innovative directions. This book focuses on the materials, devices, and applications of microelectronics technology. It details the IC design process and VLSI circuits, including gate arrays, programmable logic devices and arrays, parasitic capacitance, and transmission line delays. Coverage ranges from thermal properties and semiconductor materials to MOSFETs, digital logic families, memory devices, microprocessors, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, digital filters, and multichip module technology. Expert contributors discuss applications in machine vision, ad hoc networks, printing technologies, and data and optical storage systems. The book also includes defining terms, references, and suggestions for further reading. This edition features two new sections on fundamental properties and semiconductor devices. With updated material and references in every chapter, Microelectronics, Second Edition is an essential reference for work with microelectronics, electronics, circuits, systems, semiconductors, logic design, and microprocessors.