The power consumption of integrated circuits is one of the most problematic considerations affecting the design of high-performance chips and portable devices. The study of power-saving design methodologies now must also include subjects such as systems on chips, embedded software, and the future of microelectronics. Low-Power Electronics Design covers all major aspects of low-power design of ICs in deep submicron technologies and addresses emerging topics related to future design. This volume explores, in individual chapters written by expert authors, the many low-power techniques born during the past decade. It also discusses the many different domains and disciplines that impact power consumption, including processors, complex circuits, software, CAD tools, and energy sources and management. The authors delve into what many specialists predict about the future by presenting techniques that are promising but are not yet reality. They investigate nanotechnologies, optical circuits, ad hoc networks, e-textiles, as well as human powered sources of energy. Low-Power Electronics Design delivers a complete picture of today's methods for reducing power, and also illustrates the advances in chip design that may be commonplace 10 or 15 years from now.

The why, what and how of the electric vehicle powertrain Empowers engineering professionals and students with the knowledge and skills required to engineer electric vehicle powertrain architectures, energy storage systems, power electronics converters and electric drives. The modern electric powertrain is relatively new for the automotive industry, and engineers are challenged with designing affordable, efficient and high-performance electric powertrains as the industry undergoes a technological evolution. Co-authored by two electric vehicle (EV) engineers with decades of experience designing and putting into production all of the powertrain technologies presented, this book provides readers with the hands-on knowledge, skills and expertise they need to rise to that challenge. This four-part practical guide provides a comprehensive review of battery, hybrid and fuel cell EV systems and the associated energy sources, power electronics, machines, and drives. The first part of the book begins with a historical overview of electromobility and the related environmental impacts motivating the development of the electric powertrain. Vehicular requirements for electromechanical propulsion are then presented. Battery electric vehicles (BEV), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), and conventional and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are then described, contrasted and compared for vehicle propulsion. The second part of the book features in-depth analysis of the electric powertrain traction machines, with a particular focus on the induction machine and the surface- and interior-permanent magnet ac machines. The brushed dc machine is also considered due to its ease of operation and understanding, and its historical place, especially as the traction machine on NASA's Mars rovers. The third part of the book features the theory and applications for the propulsion, charging, accessory, and auxiliary power electronics converters. Chapters are presented on isolated and non-isolated dc-dc converters, traction inverters, and battery charging. The fourth part presents the introductory and applied electromagnetism required as a foundation throughout the book. - Introduces and holistically integrates the key EV powertrain technologies. - Provides a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging automotive solutions. - Provides experience-based expertise for vehicular and powertrain system and sub-system level study, design, and optimization. - Presents many examples of powertrain technologies from leading manufacturers. - Discusses the dc traction machines of the Mars rovers, the ultimate EVs from NASA. - Investigates the environmental motivating factors and impacts of electromobility. - Presents a structured university teaching stream from introductory undergraduate to postgraduate. - Includes real-world problems and assignments of use to design engineers, researchers, and students alike. - Features a companion website with numerous references, problems, solutions, and practical assignments. - Includes introductory material throughout the book for the general scientific reader. - Contains essential reading for government regulators and policy makers. Electric Powertrain: Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Drives for Hybrid, Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles is an important professional resource for practitioners and researchers in the battery, hybrid, and fuel cell EV transportation industry. The book is a structured holistic textbook for the teaching of the fundamental theories and applications of energy sources, power electronics, and electric machines and drives to engineering undergraduate and postgraduate students. Textbook Structure and Suggested Teaching Curriculum This is primarily an engineering textbook covering the automotive powertrain, energy storage and energy conversion, power electronics, and electrical machines. A significant additional focus is placed on the engineering design, the energy for transportation, and the related environmental impacts. This textbook is an educational tool for practicing engineers and others, such as transportation policy planners and regulators. The modern automobile is used as the vehicle upon which to base the theory and applications, which makes the book a useful educational reference for our industry colleagues, from chemists to engineers. This material is also written to be of interest to the general reader, who may have little or no interest in the power electronics and machines. Introductory science, mathematics, and an inquiring mind suffice for some chapters. The general reader can read the introduction to each of the chapters and move to the next as soon as the material gets too advanced for him or her. Part I Vehicles and Energy Sources Chapter 1 Electromobility and the Environment Chapter 2 Vehicle Dynamics Chapter 3 Batteries Chapter 4 Fuel Cells Chapter 5 Conventional and Hybrid Powertrains Part II Electrical Machines Chapter 6 Introduction to Traction Machines Chapter 7 The Brushed DC Machine Chapter 8 Induction Machines Chapter 9 Surface-permanent-magnet AC Machines Chapter 10: Interior-permanent-magnet AC Machines Part III Power Electronics Chapter 11 DC-DC Converters Chapter 12 Isolated DC-DC Converters Chapter 13 Traction Drives and Three-phase Inverters Chapter 14 Battery Charging Chapter 15 Control of the Electric Drive Part IV Basics Chapter 16 Introduction to Electromagnetism, Ferromagnetism, and Electromechanical Energy Conversion The first third of the book (Chapters 1 to 6), plus parts of Chapters 14 and 16, can be taught to the general science or engineering student in the second or third year. It covers the introductory automotive material using basic concepts from mechanical, electrical, environmental, and electrochemical engineering. Chapter 14 on electrical charging and Chapter 16 on electromagnetism can also be used as a general introduction to electrical engineering. The basics of electromagnetism, ferromagnetism and electromechanical energy conversion (Chapter 16) and dc machines (Chapter 7) can be taught to second year (sophomore) engineering students who have completed introductory electrical circuits and physics. The third year (junior) students typically have covered ac circuit analysis, and so they can cover ac machines, such as the induction machine (Chapter 8) and the surface permanent-magnet ac machine (Chapter 9). As the students typically have studied control theory, they can investigate the control of the speed and torque loops of the motor drive (Chapter 15). Power electronics, featuring non-isolated buck and boost converters (Chapter 11), can also be introduced in the third year. The final-year (senior) students can then go on to cover the more advanced technologies of the interior-permanent-magnet ac machine (Chapter 10). Isolated power converters (Chapter 12), such as the full-bridge and resonant converters, inverters (Chapter 13), and power-factor-corrected battery chargers (Chapter 14), are covered in the power electronics section. This material can also be covered at the introductory postgraduate level. Various homework, simulation, and research exercises are presented throughout the textbook. The reader is encouraged to attempt these exercises as part of the learning experience. Instructors are encouraged to contact the author, John Hayes, direct to discuss course content or structure.

Today's engineers will confront the challenge of a new computing paradigm, relying on micro- and nanoscale devices. Logic Design of NanoICs builds a foundation for logic in nanodimensions and guides you in the design and analysis of nanoICs using CAD. The authors present data structures developed toward applications rather than a purely theoretical treatment. Requiring only basic logic and circuits background, Logic Design of NanoICs draws connections between traditional approaches to design and modern design in nanodimensions. The book begins with an introduction to the directions and basic methodology of logic design at the nanoscale, then proceeds to nanotechnologies and CAD, graphical representation of switching functions and networks, word-level and linear word-level data structures, 3-D topologies based on hypercubes, multilevel circuit design, and fault-tolerant computation in hypercube-like structures. The authors propose design solutions and techniques, going beyond the underlying technology to provide more applied knowledge. This design-oriented reference is written for engineers interested in developing the next generation of integrated circuitry, illustrating the discussion with approximately 250 figures and tables, 100 equations, 250 practical examples, and 100 problems. Each chapter concludes with a summary, references, and a suggested reading section.

Over the last twenty years there has been tremendous growth in the research and development of sensors and sensor signal processing methods. Advances in materials and fabrication techniques have led to a departure from traditional sensor types and the development of novel sensing techniques and devices, many of which are now finding favor in industry. Novel Sensors and Sensing provides an introduction to modern sensor types and sensor signal processing methods, with emphasis placed on the underlying physics and the generic operating principles involved. It includes a review of the fundamentals of measurement and instrumentation and covers the principle types of modern sensor-resonator, semiconductor based, and optical fiber (including an overview of optical propagation and transmission.) The final chapter of the book is devoted to flow measurement, an area that has benefited greatly from the developments in novel sensing devices and techniques.

Diffractional Optics of Millimetre Waves combines those elements of diffraction theory normally associated with optics, including Gaussian beams, lenses, and mirrors, and extends them into the micro- and millimetre wavelength range. In this regime there are a number of applications in devices, such as automobile proximity sensors, satellite-TV receiving antennae, and non-destructive testing systems. Researchers working in these areas would benefit from greater understanding of the diffraction phenomena involved. A translated and updated version of the authors' book Diffraction Quasioptics, this book will present results formerly unavailable in the general literature.

Computers and technology have reached a level of invisibility in our lives that is equal to indoor plumbing and electricity. We don't think about the mechanics of how they work, but when any of those systems breaks it is a MASSIVE disruption in our lives. All of us understand the basics of how a fuse box works or how to plunge a toilet, and with this book you will learn those equivalents in the IT world. This book will give a basic understanding of the various disciplines that exist within the IT world, some of the thought processes behind the methodologies IT professionals follow, and touch on some of the realities of living in a truly technological wonderland.

Power Electronics and Electric Drives for Traction Applications offers a practical approach to understanding power electronics applications in transportation systems ranging from railways to electric vehicles and ships. It is an application-oriented book for the design and development of traction systems accompanied by a description of the core technology. The first four introductory chapters describe the common knowledge and background required to understand the preceding chapters. After that, each application-specific chapter: highlights the significant manufacturers involved; provides a historical account of the technological evolution experienced; distinguishes the physics and mechanics; and where possible, analyses a real life example and provides the necessary models and simulation tools, block diagrams and simulation based validations. Key features: Surveys power electronics state-of-the-art in all aspects of traction applications. Presents vital design and development knowledge that is extremely important for the professional community in an original, simple, clear and complete manner. Offers design guidelines for power electronics traction systems in high-speed rail, ships, electric/hybrid vehicles, elevators and more applications. Application-specific chapters co-authored by traction industry expert. Learning supplemented by tutorial sections, case studies and MATLAB/Simulink-based simulations with data from practical systems. A valuable reference for application engineers in traction industry responsible for design and development of products as well as traction industry researchers, developers and graduate students on power electronics and motor drives needing a reference to the application examples.

This book investigates several non-resonant inductive harvester architectures in order to find the magnet coil arrangement that generates the largest power output. The book is useful as a step-by-step guide for readers unfamiliar with this form of energy harvesting, but who want to build their own system models to calculate the magnet motion and, from that, the power generation available for body-worn sensor systems. The detailed description of system model development will greatly facilitate experimental work with the aim of fabricating the design with the highest predicted power output. Based on the simulated optimal geometry, fabricated devices achieve an average power output of up to 43 mW during walking, an amount of power that can supply modern low-power, body-worn systems. Experiments were also carried out in industrial applications with power outputs up to 15 mW. In sum, researchers and engineers will find a step-by-step introduction to inductive harvesting and its modeling aspects for achieving optimal harvester designs in an efficient manner.

"Advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic." --Arthur C. ClarkeThis well-researched book makes sense of the new advances in electronic services and resources available to science and technology libraries. It will familiarize you with the latest collection development, reference service, and information service technologies. Inside you'll find case studies, examples of successful implementations of emerging information technologies, helpful tables and figures, screen shots, and more!In addition to bringing you up to date on the latest trends in the area, Electronic Resources and Services in Sci-Tech Libraries will provide you with essential background information on these important technologies.With Electronic Resources and Services in Sci-Tech Libraries, you'll learn: how the University of Arizona Libraries access remote electronic resources how journal articles containing complex mathematics are published on the Web--including the latest developments in MathML, PDF, OpenMath, and more how the e-resource registry approach can be integrated with existing custom Web-based services how to use user-centered criteria to evaluate electronic journals how to use e-prints (electronic preprints) to break the stranglehold that journal publishers have over science libraries how to get the most from electronic reserves-with tips and techniques for implementing an e-reserves service, negotiating copyright issues, and more how to implement a successful current awareness services program how the next generation of library portals will impact sci-tech libraries and much more!

Wireless Sensor Networks presents a comprehensive and tightly organized compilation of chapters that surveys many of the exciting research developments taking place in this field. Chapters are written by several of the leading researchers exclusively for this book. Authors address many of the key challenges faced in the design, analysis and deployment of wireless sensor networks. Included is coverage of low-cost sensor devices equipped with wireless interfaces, sensor network protocols for large scale sensor networks, data storage and compression techniques, security architectures and mechanisms, and many practical applications that relate to use in environmental, military, medical, industrial and home networks. The book is organized into six parts starting with basic concepts and energy efficient hardware design principles. The second part addresses networking protocols for sensor networks and describes medium access control, routing and transport protocols. In addition to networking, data management is an important challenge given the high volumes of data that are generated by sensor nodes. deals with security protocols and mechanisms for wireless sensor networks. Sensor network localization systems and network management techniques are covered in Part V. The final part focuses on target detection and habitat monitoring applications of sensor networks. This book is intended for researchers starting work in the field and for practitioners seeking a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of building a sensor network. It is also an invaluable reference resource for all wireless network professionals.

This volume is a collection of 19 chapters on intelligent engineering systems written by respectable experts of the fields. The book consists of three parts. The first part is devoted to the foundational aspects of computational intelligence. It consists of 8 chapters that include studies in genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic connectives, enhanced intelligence in product models, nature-inspired optimization technologies, particle swarm optimization, evolution algorithms, model complexity of neural networks, and fitness landscape analysis. The second part contains contributions to intelligent computation in networks, presented in 5 chapters. The covered subjects include the application of self-organizing maps for early detection of denial of service attacks, combating security threats via immunity and adaptability in cognitive radio networks, novel modifications in WSN network design for improved SNR and reliability, a conceptual framework for the design of audio based cognitive infocommunication channels, and a case study on the advantages of fuzzy and anytime signal- and image processing techniques. Computational intelligence represents a widely spread interdisciplinary research area with many applications in various disciplines including engineering, medicine, technology, environment, among others. Therefore, third part of this book consists of 6 chapters on applications. This is a very important part of the volume because the reader can find in it a wide range of fields where computational intelligence plays a significant role.

For every electronics professional, Electronic Test Instruments: Analog and Digital Measurements offers a thorough survey of the field of electronics instrumentation: devices and techniques, digital and analog.KEY TOPICS:Witte introduces basic measurement theory, along with commonly used electronic test equipment -- including meters, signal sources, oscilloscopes, frequency counters, power supplies, spectrum analyzers, network analyzers and logic analyzers. He presents detailed examples of applying each type of equipment in real-world applications, emphasizing basic functionality and guidance on choosing the instrument most likely to obtain a valid measurement. He offers a unified treatment of both analog and digital devices, explaining their commonalities and differences, while presenting up-to-the-minute coverage of the measurement techniques required by today's advanced digital systems.MARKET:For all engineers, technicians, and students who understand basic electronics and want a deeper understanding of electronic measurements.

With a specific focus on the needs of the designers and engineers in industrial settings, The Mechanical Systems Design Handbook: Modeling, Measurement, and Control presents a practical overview of basic issues associated with design and control of mechanical systems. In four sections, each edited by a renowned expert, this book answers diverse questions fundamental to the successful design and implementation of mechanical systems in a variety of applications.

Manufacturing addresses design and control issues related to manufacturing systems. From fundamental design principles to control of discrete events, machine tools, and machining operations to polymer processing and precision manufacturing systems.

Vibration Control explores a range of topics related to active vibration control, including piezoelectric networks, the boundary control method, and semi-active suspension systems.

Aerospace Systems presents a detailed analysis of the mechanics and dynamics of tensegrity structures

Robotics offers encyclopedic coverage of the control and design of robotic systems, including kinematics, dynamics, soft-computing techniques, and teleoperation.

Mechanical systems designers and engineers have few resources dedicated to their particular and often unique problems. The Mechanical Systems Design Handbook clearly shows how theory applies to real world challenges and will be a welcomed and valuable addition to your library.

The science of mathematical modelling and numerical simulation is generally accepted as the third mode of scienti?c discovery (with the other two modes being experiment and analysis), making this ?eld an integral component of c- ting edge scienti?c and industrial research in most domains. This is especially so in advanced biomaterials such as polymeric hydrogels responsive to biostimuli for a wide range of potential BioMEMS applications, where multiphysics and mul- phase are common requirements. These environmental stimuli-responsive hydrogels are often known as smart hydrogels. In the published studies on the smart or stimu- responsive hydrogels, the literature search clearly indicates that the vast majority are experimental based. In particular, although there are a few published books on the smart hydrogels, none is involved in the modelling of smart hydrogels. For the few published journal papers that conducted mathematical modelling and numerical simulation, results were far from satisfactory, and showed signi?cant d- crepancies when compared with existing experimental data. This has resulted in ad hoc studies of these hydrogel materials mainly conducted by trial and error. This is a very time-consuming and inef?cient process, and certain aspects of fun- mental knowledge are often missed or overlooked, resulting in off-tangent research directions.

This book brings together investigations which combine theoretical and experimental results related to such systems as flexure hinges and compliant mechanisms for precision applications, the non-linear analytical modeling of compliant mechanisms, mechanical systems using compliance as a bipedal robot and reconfigurable tensegrity systems and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) as energy efficient micro-robots, microscale force compensation, magnetoelectric micro-sensors, acoustical actuators and the wafer bonding as a key technology for the MEMS fabrication. The volume gathers twelve contributions presented at the 5th Conference on Microactuators, Microsensors and Micromechanisms (MAMM), held in Ilmenau, Germany in November 2020. The aim of the conference was to provide a special opportunity for a know-how exchange and collaboration in various disciplines concerning systems pertaining to micro-technology. The conference was organized under the patronage of IFToMM (International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine Science).

The past two decades have seen rapid development of micro-/nanotechnologies with the integration of chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, chemistry, and life sciences to form bio-MEMS or lab-on-chip devices that help us perform cellular analysis in a complex micro-/nanoflluidic environment with minimum sample consumption and have potential biomedical applications. To date, few books have been published in this field, and researchers are unable to find specialized content. This book compiles cutting-edge research on cell manipulation, separation, and analysis using microfluidics and bio-MEMS devices. It illustrates the use of micro-robots for biomedical applications, vascularized microfluidic organs-on-a-chip and their applications, as well as DNA gene microarray biochips and their applications. In addition, it elaborates on neuronal cell activity in microfluidic compartments, microvasculature and microarray gene patterning, different physical methods for drug delivery and analysis, micro-/nanoparticle preparation and separation in a micro-/nanofluidic environment, and the potential biomedical applications of micro-/nanoparticles. This book can be used by academic researchers, especially those involved in biomicrofluidics and bio-MEMS, and undergraduate- and graduate-level students of bio-MEMS/bio-nanoelectromechanical systems (bio-NEMS), biomicrofluidics, biomicrofabricatios, micro-/nanofluidics, biophysics, single-cell analysis, bionanotechnology, drug delivery systems, and biomedical micro-/nanodevices. Readers can gain knowledge of different aspects of microfluidics and bio-MEMS devices; their design, fabrication, and integration; and biomedical applications. The book will also help biotechnology-based industries, where research and development is ongoing in cell-based analysis, diagnosis, and drug screening.

Computers and technology have reached a level of invisibility in our lives that is equal to indoor plumbing and electricity. We don't think about the mechanics of how they work, but when any of those systems breaks it is a MASSIVE disruption in our lives. All of us understand the basics of how a fuse box works or how to plunge a toilet, and with this book you will learn those equivalents in the IT world. This book will give a basic understanding of the various disciplines that exist within the IT world, some of the thought processes behind the methodologies IT professionals follow, and touch on some of the realities of living in a truly technological wonderland.

It is clear that artifacts have the power to provoke thought, inspire action and arouse passions. There is evidence of this in the ever-increasing number of museums as well as in the ability of those museums to stimulate controversy through exhibits. As a consequence, much has been written analyzing the interaction between objects and museum visitors. Less well recognized, or understood, is the value of objects for historical research. In this series of books we propose to show by example how artifacts can be employed in the study of the history of science and technology in ways ranging from motivating a line of research to providing hard evidence in the solution of an otherwise insoluble problem. The first volume focused on medicine; in this, the second volume, the topic our authors address is electronics. As readers will discover, there is considerable scope in the range of topics and in the range of uses of artifacts. There is also a section that suggests to readers what kind of questions they might consider when they visit electrical exhibits, and where those exhibits are to be found.
This series is sponsored by the Deutsches Museum in Munich, the Science Museum in London, and the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, with help from professional historians in other museums and elsewhere.

This book presents high-quality papers from the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing & Communication Systems (MCCS 2019). It discusses the latest technological trends and advances in MEMS and nanoelectronics, wireless communication, optical communication, instrumentation, signal processing, image processing, bioengineering, green energy, hybrid vehicles, environmental science, weather forecasting, cloud computing, renewable energy, RFID, CMOS sensors, actuators, transducers, telemetry systems, embedded systems and sensor network applications. It includes papers based on original theoretical, practical and experimental simulations, development, applications, measurements and testing. The applications and solutions discussed here provide excellent reference material for future product development.

Recent developments in sensor and processor sophistication have created a need for effective estimation and control algorithms for hybrid, nonlinear systems. This volume presents a highly effective, flexible family of estimation algorithms that can be used in estimating or controlling a wide variety of nonlinear plants. Several applications are studied, including tracking a maneuvering aircraft, automatic target recognition, and the decoding of signals transmitted across a wireless communications link. The authors begin by setting out the necessary theoretical background. They then develop a practical, finite-dimensional approximation to an optimal estimator. Throughout the chapters they illustrate theoretical results by simulation of control and estimation in real-world hybrid systems, drawn from a variety of engineering fields. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in electrical and computer engineering. It will also be a useful reference for practicing engineers involved in the design of estimation, tracking or wireless communications systems.

This new title is based upon Trevor Linsley's successful Electronics for Electricians and Service Engineers and completely updates the previous text by taking into account the recent changes in the City and Guilds courses including 2240, 2360 and 2351. The new edition also incorporates hardware topics from the popular course, C&G 7261 Information Technology making this an indispensable reference for all those taking C&G courses. Trevor Linsley appproaches the subject in a practical, non-mathematical way, enabling both trainee and practising electricains and service engineers to relate electronics to their own experience.
'Electronic Servicing and Repairs' includes an expanded chapter on testing and fault diagnosis, incorporates PLCs and CAD software and introduces automatic text equipment (ATE). Communication and security systems are completely updated - the section on TV receivers, satellite TV, VCRs, CD players and cable TV has been expanded and a new chapter has been devoted to alarm systems.

Topics in Modal Analysis & Testing, Volume 8: Proceedings of the 38th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2020, the eighth volume of nine from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Modal Analysis, including papers on:Operational Modal & Modal Analysis Applications Experimental Techniques Modal Analysis, Measurements & Parameter Estimation Modal Vectors & Modeling Basics of Modal Analysis Additive Manufacturing & Modal Testing of Printed Parts